scholarly journals A Modified Cellular Automaton Approach for Mixed Bicycle Traffic Flow Modeling

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaonian Shan ◽  
Zhibin Li ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Jianhong Ye
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Flow Modeling ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Lane Changes ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
Ca Model

Several previous studies have used the Cellular Automaton (CA) for the modeling of bicycle traffic flow. However, previous CA models have several limitations, resulting in differences between the simulated and the observed traffic flow features. The primary objective of this study is to propose a modified CA model for simulating the characteristics of mixed bicycle traffic flow. Field data were collected on physically separated bicycle path in Shanghai, China, and were used to calibrate the CA model using the genetic algorithm. Traffic flow features between simulations of several CA models and field observations were compared. The results showed that our modified CA model produced more accurate simulation for the fundamental diagram and the passing events in mixed bicycle traffic flow. Based on our model, the bicycle traffic flow features, including the fundamental diagram, the number of passing events, and the number of lane changes, were analyzed. We also analyzed the traffic flow features with different traffic densities, traffic components on different travel lanes. Results of the study can provide important information for understanding and simulating the operations of mixed bicycle traffic flow.

A NEW CELLULAR AUTOMATON MODEL FOR TRAFFIC FLOW WITH DIFFERENT PROBABILITY FOR DRIVERS

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (05) ◽  
pp. 773-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. ZHU ◽  
H. X. GE ◽  
S. Q. DAI
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Metastable State ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Spontaneous Formation ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Ca Model

Based on the Nagel–Schreckenberg (NaSch) model of traffic flow, a new cellular automaton (CA) traffic model is proposed to simulate microscopic traffic flow. The probability p is a variable which contains a randomly selected term for each individual driver and a density-dependent term which is the same for all drivers. When the rational probability p is obtained, the larger value of maximum flow which is close to the observed data can be reached compared with that obtained from the NaSch model. The fundamental diagram obtained by simulation shows the ability of this modified CA model to capture the essential features of traffic flow, e.g., the spontaneous formation of traffic jams and appearance of the metastable state. These indicate that the presented model is more reasonable and realistic.

scholarly journals A Cellular Automaton Traffic Flow Model with Advanced Decelerations

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingdong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Traffic Flow Model ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Vehicle Deceleration ◽  
Real Traffic

A one-dimensional cellular automaton traffic flow model, which considers the deceleration in advance, is addressed in this paper. The model reflects the situation in the real traffic that drivers usually adjust the current velocity by forecasting its velocities in a short time of future, in order to avoid the sharp deceleration. The fundamental diagram obtained by simulation shows the ability of this model to capture the essential features of traffic flow, for example, synchronized flow, meta-stable state, and phase separation at the high density. Contrasting with the simulation results of the VE model, this model shows a higher maximum flux closer to the measured data, more stability, more efficient dissolving blockage, lower vehicle deceleration, and more reasonable distribution of vehicles. The results indicate that advanced deceleration has an important impact on traffic flow, and this model has some practical significance as the result matching to the actual situation.

Recent developments in traffic flow modeling using macroscopic fundamental diagram

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-550
Author(s):  
Lele Zhang ◽  
Zhongqi Yuan ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Zhiyuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Modeling ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Recent Developments

scholarly journals An Improved Single-Lane Cellular Automaton Model considering Driver’s Radical Feature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Qu ◽  
Mofeng Yang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Bin Ran ◽  
Linchao Li
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Speed Difference ◽  
Density State ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

Traffic flow models are of vital significance to study the traffic system and reproduce typical traffic phenomena. In the process of establishing traffic flow models, human factors need to be considered particularly to enhance the performance of the models. Accordingly, a series of car-following models and cellular automaton models were proposed based on comprehensive consideration of various driving behaviors. Based on the comfortable driving (CD) model, this paper innovatively proposed an improved cellular automaton model incorporating impaired driver’s radical feature (RF). The impaired driver’s radical feature was added to the model with respect to three aspects, that is, desired speed, car-following behavior, and braking behavior. Empirical data obtained from a highway segment was used to initialize impaired driver’s radical feature distribution and calibrate the proposed model. Then, numerical simulations validated that the proposed improved model can well reproduce the traffic phenomena, as shown by the fundamental diagram and space-time diagram. Also, in low-density state, it can be found that the RF model is superior to the CD model in simulating the speed difference characteristics, where the average speed difference of adjacent vehicles for RF model is more consistent with reality. The result also discussed the potential impact of impaired drivers on rear-end collisions. It should be noted that this study is an early stage work to evaluate the existence of impaired driving behavior.

An Improved Cellular Automaton Model of Traffic Regulations and the Effect of Deceleration Probability

2014 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Chao Han
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Mathematical Form ◽  
Lane Changes ◽  
Traffic Rule

In order to evaluate the keep-right-except-to-pass traffic rule, which is in effect in most countries, a suitable mathematical model is necessary. With the help the following model, analysts can objectively evaluate the effects and benefits of various driving regulations and rules. We formalize the situation in which automobiles are being driven on a multi-lane freeway as a process of cellular automata (CA). Following the methods used in the studies of Kerner and Barlovic and using the NaSch model, we formalize the keep-right-except-to-pass rule into mathematical form. We set the driving strategy by adopting the Velocity-Dependent-Randomization (VDR) model, considering the driver’s psychological state with respect to his desire to slow down behind, or to pass, another automobile. Adding stochastic factors during the analysis of the driving process, we examined mathematically the effects of traffic flow, the utilization of lanes, and transportation safety which mostly depends on the frequency of lane changes, to evaluate the keep-right rule.

The impact of iterated games on traffic flow at noncontrolled intersections

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhao ◽  
Ning Jia
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Signal Control ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flow Experiences

Intersections without signal control widely exist in urban road networks. This paper studied the traffic flow in a noncontrolled intersection within an iterated game framework. We assume drivers have learning ability and can repetitively adjust their strategies (to give way or to rush through) in the intersection according to memories. A cellular automata model is applied to investigate the characteristics of the traffic flow. Numerical experiments indicate two main findings. First, the traffic flow experiences a "volcano-shaped" fundamental diagram with three different phases. Second, most drivers choose to give way in the intersection, but the aggressive drivers cannot be completely eliminated, which is coincident with field observations. Analysis are also given out to explain the observed phenomena. These findings allow deeper insight of the real-world bottleneck traffic flow.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Influence of Mobile Phone Use of Drivers on Traffic Flow Based on an Improved Cellular Automaton Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yao Xiao ◽  
Jing Shi
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
A Value ◽  
Ca Model

This paper aimed to analyze the influence of drivers’ behavior of phone use while driving on traffic flow, including both traffic efficiency and traffic safety. An improved cellular automaton model was proposed to simulate traffic flow with distracted drivers based on the Nagel-Schreckenberg model. The driving characters of drivers using a phone were first discussed and a value representing the probability to use a phone while driving was put into the CA model. Simulation results showed that traffic flow rate was significantly reduced if some drivers used a phone compared to no phone use. The flow rate and velocity decreased as the proportion of drivers using a phone increased. While, under low density, the risk of traffic decreased first and then increased as the distracted drivers increased, the distracted behavior of drivers, like using a phone, could reduce the flow rate by 5 percent according to the simulation.

STUDY ON EFFECTS OF THE STOCHASTIC DELAY PROBABILITY FOR 1D CA MODEL OF TRAFFIC FLOW

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 721-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU XUE ◽  
YAN-HONG CHEN ◽  
LING-JIANG KONG
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Large Delay ◽  
Stochastic Delay ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Case ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Minimum Delay ◽  
Coexistence State

Considering the effects of different factors on the stochastic delay probability, the delay probability has been classified into three cases. The first case corresponding to the brake state has a large delay probability if the anticipant velocity is larger than the gap between the successive cars. The second one corresponding to the following-the-leader rule has intermediate delay probability if the anticipant velocity is equal to the gap. Finally, the third case is the acceleration, which has minimum delay probability. The fundamental diagram obtained by numerical simulation shows the different properties compared to that by the NaSch model, in which there exist two different regions, corresponding to the coexistence state, and jamming state respectively.

Pinch Effect in a Cellular Automaton (CA) Model for Traffic Flow

2007 ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.K. Lee ◽  
R. Barlović ◽  
M. Schreckenberg ◽  
D. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Pinch Effect ◽  
Ca Model

Carbon dioxide emission in a single-lane cellular automaton model with a series of traffic lights

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2050154
Author(s):  
H. Binoua ◽  
H. Ez-Zahraouy ◽  
A. Khallouk ◽  
N. Lakouari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Synchronized Control

In this paper, we propose a cellular automaton model to simulate traffic flow controlled by a series of traffic lights. The synchronized traffic light and the green wave light strategies were investigated. The spatiotemporal diagrams, energy dissipation, and CO2 emission of the system were presented. Our simulations are conducted to clarify the difference between both strategies and their effects on the traffic flow and the CO2 emission. We found that the traffic flow depends mainly on the strategy used for managing the traffic lights as well as on the parameters of the traffic lights, namely the cycle length, the number of traffic lights and the length of the system. The fundamental diagram has barely the same characteristics for both methods and it depends on the combination of the parameters of the system. We find that the green wave is more convenient for the management of a series of traffic lights than the synchronized control strategy in terms of throughput, especially for large-sized systems. Unlike in terms of CO2 emission and energy dissipation, both control strategies outperform each other depending on the density regions and the parameters of the system. Finally, we investigate the effect of both cycles (i.e. red and green) for the synchronized control method on the CO2 emission. It is found that the green cycle generates often a series of acceleration events that increase CO2 emission.

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