scholarly journals Arginine Adjunctive Therapy in Active Tuberculosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliasghar Farazi ◽  
Omid Shafaat ◽  
Masoomeh Sofian ◽  
Manijeh Kahbazi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Conversion ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

Background. Dietary supplementation has been used as a mechanism to augment the immune system. Adjunctive therapy with L-arginine has the potential to improve outcomes in active tuberculosis.Methods. In a randomized clinical trial 63 participants with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Markazi Province of Iran were given arginine or placebo for 4 weeks in addition to conventional chemotherapy. The final treatment success, sputum conversion, weight gain, and clinical symptoms after one and two months were considered as primary outcomes and secondary outcomes were ESR, CRP, and Hg. Data were collected and analyzed with SPSS software (ver. 18).Results. Arginine supplementation reduced constitutional symptoms (P=0.032) in patients with smear-positive TB at the end of the first month of treatment. Arginine treated patients had significantly increased BMI at the end of the first and second months of treatment (P=0.032andP=0.04) and a reduced CRP at the end of the first month of treatment (P=0.03) versus placebo group.Conclusion. Arginine is useful as an adjunctive therapy in patients with active tuberculosis, in which the effects are more likely mediated by the increased production of nitric oxide and improved constitutional symptoms and weight gain. This trial is registered with Clinical Trials Registry of Iran:IRCT201211179855N2.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Endodontic Therapy Comparing Conventional Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Using Sodium Hypochlorite and Ethylenediaminetetraacetate. A Retrospective Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Hertel ◽  
Katja Sommer ◽  
Eckehard Kostka ◽  
Sandra Maria Imiolczyk ◽  
Husam Ballout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Endodontic Irrigation ◽  
Group 2

The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of two different standardized endodontic irrigation protocols. It was assumed that the additional use of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) would result in an increased rate of absence of symptoms and remission based on the periapical index (PAI) compared to passive irrigation using only sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Data and radiographs from 199 teeth retrieved from the institutional endodontic database were analyzed retrospectively. In 106 teeth irrigation was performed using only NaOCl (protocol 1). Ninety-three teeth were irrigated using NaOCl and EDTA (protocol 2). Chlorhexidine (CHX) was additionally used in revision treatments in both groups. All irrigants in group 2 were activated by PUI. Mean follow-up periods were: protocol 1 = 9.2 ± 4.4 and protocol 2 = 6.6 ± 2.5 months (p < 0.0001 (chi-square test). The frequencies of the PAImasterpoint and PAIfollow-up scores did not differ significantly between teeth, which received either protocol 1 or 2 (p = 0.555 and 0.138). Statistical analysis revealed no significant association between treatment success (absence of clinical symptoms and PAIfollow-up = I or PAImasterpoint > PAIfollow-up > I) and the applied protocol (success rates: protocol 1 = 72.6% vs. protocol 2 = 82.8%; p = 0.203). Furthermore, the frequency of extractions did not differ significantly between the two protocols (p = 0.102). No association was found between follow-up time and treatment success (p = 0.888). The hypothesis was not confirmed. Even though the obtained success rate was higher after supplementing the irrigation protocol with EDTA and PUI, no significance was recorded. Hence, protocol 2 was not superior to protocol 1 regarding therapy success, at least within the limited follow-up period. It may be cautiously concluded that sufficient mechanical debridement combined with passive NaOCl irrigation results in comparably high success rates compared to EDTA and PUI.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Sputum Conversion among Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Morocco

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Bouti ◽  
Mohammed Aharmim ◽  
Karima Marc ◽  
Mouna Soualhi ◽  
Rachida Zahraoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Conversion ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background. Sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients expel infectious viable bacilli for a period following the commencement of treatment. Objective. To determine the time to sputum smear conversion and study the factors influencing it. Design. A prospective study was undertaken at our hospital in Rabat over a six-month period on a cohort of 119 sputum smear positive patients. Patients were followed up fortnightly. At each followup, specimens were collected and processed for microscopy using standard protocol. Results. 96.6% of our patients completed the study (4 deaths). Sputum conversion rate was 42% after two weeks, 73% after one month, and 95% after two months. Univariate and stepwise regression analysis showed that patients who had high smear grading, miliary, and bilateral radiologic lesions were more likely to undergo delayed sputum conversion (P<0.05). Other factors were thought to influence sputum conversion but were not statistically proven in our study. Conclusion. Since viable bacilli continue to be expelled for up to two months, infection control measures should be maintained for such a time. Patients with high smear grading, miliary, and bilateral radiologic lesions need to be monitored more closely.

scholarly journals Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: Systematic Review of Treatment Success

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 035-040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Rizer ◽  
Ryan Alexander ◽  
Emerson Sharpe ◽  
Paul Rochon ◽  
Candace Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Percutaneous Treatment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome ◽  
Venous Dilatation ◽  
Pelvic Congestion

AbstractPelvic venous insufficiency is now a well-characterized etiology of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). The prevalence of CPP is 15% in females aged 18 to 50 years in the United States and up to 43.4% worldwide. In addition to individual physical, emotional, and quality-of-life implications of CPP, there are profound healthcare and socioeconomic expenses with estimated annual direct and indirect costs in the United States in excess of 39 billion dollars. PCS consists of clinical symptoms with concomitant anatomic and physiologic abnormalities originating in venous insufficiency. The etiology of PCS is diverse involving both mechanical and hormonal factors contributing to venous dilatation (>5 mm) and insufficiency. Factors affecting the diagnosis of PCS include variance of causes and clinical presentations of pelvic pain and relatively low sensitivity of noninvasive diagnostic imaging and laparoscopy to identify insufficiency compared with catheter venogram. A systematic review of the literature evaluating patient outcomes following percutaneous treatment of PCS is presented.

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF THE CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS (TB).

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Rajeev Tandon ◽  
Prabhat Kumar ◽  
Pradeep Nirala ◽  
Ansha Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Miliary Tuberculosis ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Standardized Treatment ◽  
Almost All

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical prole and outcome of the patients with miliary tuberculosis (TB). Methods: This was a retrospective observational study which involved evaluation of medical records of 44 patients with miliary TB in the department of respiratory medicine and internal medicine from 2016-2019. Miliary TB in these patients had been diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms, radiology and microbiology. The clinical prole of the patients in terms of age, gender, clinical presentations were recorded. Time duration for resolution of symptoms was noted. Radiological outcome was also studied. Final outcome was treatment success and mortality. Results: The mean age of the patients were 37.07 years with 27 males. Most common complaints were fever (86.36%), cough (72.73%), expectoration (65.91%) and anorexia (45.45%). Laboratory ndings showed hypertransaminasemia, anemia, and hyponatremia in 75.00%, 70.45%, and 43.18% patients, respectively. Standardized treatment (RHEZ) was given in 70.45% patients, and non-standardized treatment in 29.55% patients. Median duration of fever was relieved in 15 days. Mortality rate was 11.36% and drug induced liver injury (DILI) was seen in 4(9.09%) patients. Radiological resolution was seen in almost all of the patients except in 3 and in majority of patients clearing was seen within the rst two months of initiation of treatment. Among all variables, hyperbilirubinemia showed signicant association with mortality (OR=14.6, 95% CI 1.86 to 114.615, P=0.013). Conclusion: In conclusion, in our series miliary TB presents most commonly in the third decade of life and is predominant among males. The clinical features were similar to pulmonary tuberculosis. There was frequent association with derangements in liver function, electrolyte, and hemoglobin. Hyperbilirubinemia was associated with signicantly increased the odds of mortality. Non-standardized treatment regimens were associated with poorer outcome. Mortality rate in miliary TB was as high as 11.3% in our series.

Effects of Topiramate in Prevention of Obesity in Schizophrenic Patients Treated by Olanzapine

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A. Talaei
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Anticonvulsant Drug ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

Aims:Schizophrenic patients treated with atypical antipsychotics commonly suffer weight gain. Additive flow of using these drugs lead to more researches to solve this problem. Weight gain is associated not only with several medical conditions (such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, etc) but also may be related to treatment noncompliance. Topiramate is an anticonvulsant drug that has been used in psychiatric disorders and also leads to weight reduce. Many researches have been studied this effect of topiramate and positive outcomes of weight reduce without creation or development of psychotic signs have already been reported. as there is no approved therapeutic dose of topiramate for appropriate weight loss and also no study referred to its prophylactic effect of weight gain in these patients, in this study we proceed to check forenamed subjects.Method:Forty - eight schizophrenic patients treated with olanzapine in beginning of hospitalization in Ibn-e-Sina Hospital were selected and randomly placed in four groups: placebo, 50, 100, 200 mg topiramate daily was added to their treatment regimen. Patients were followed for 12 weeks for body weight changes, BMI, waist and wrist diameters. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.Results:Only BMI and waist diameter had significant difference in patients treated with 200 mg topiramate daily in compare with placebo group in 12th week. other data had no significant difference in handling.Conclusion:Prophylactic treatment of obesity in schizophrenic patients with topiramate is effective in 200 mg daily dosage and no significant adverse effects were found.

The impact of tuberculosis and chemotherapy on female reproductive health

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
S I Kayukova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Female Reproductive Health ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women ◽  
The Impact

The paper outlines a concise review of Russian and foreign literature on the specific features of the course of respiratory tuberculosis in reproductive-aged women. It shows the impact of active tuberculosis and massive chemotherapy on the reproductive system, analyzes clinical symptoms, immediate and long-term consequences, and prognosis of future reproductive function. The timely diagnosis and optimal correction of reproductive disorders in women with respiratory tuberculosis can improve their quality of life, fertile capacities, and birth of a successive healthy offspring

scholarly journals Cholecalciferol adjunctive therapy in active tuberculosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 393-394
Author(s):  
A. Farazi ◽  
F. Didgar ◽  
M. Jabbariasl ◽  
A. Sarafraz
Keyword(s):  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Active Tuberculosis

scholarly journals Association of HMGB1, S100A12 and IL-17A Expression with IVIG-Resistant Kawasaki Disease and Treatment Options

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deying Liu ◽  
Pan Liu ◽  
Fan Liu ◽  
Wei Yin ◽  
Yan Ding
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Molecular Pattern

Abstract Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis of unknown aetiology that predominantly affecting coronary arteries. The damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) such as HMGB1, S100A12 and IL-17A have been reported to predict poor response to IVIG. Here, we explored the the role of HMGB1, S100A12 and IL-17A in the detection of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)-resistant in KD patients, and to investigate the value of different adjunctive therapy.Method: 126 KD patients and as well as age- and sex-matched 16 febrile control subjects were enrolled in our study. The fresh peripheral blood were collected from KD patients and febrile controls, analyzed the demographic or clinical data and various laboratory parameters. We also measured changes in serum levels of IL-17A and mRNA expression levels of HMGB1 and S100A12 were tested in IVIG-resistant KD patients. Further we explored the association between coronary arteries lesions and different treatment options about IVIG retreatment, methylprednisolone and infliximab for IVIG-resistant KD patients. Result: Regarding laboratory parameters, KD individuals were found to have lower levels of lymphocyte(L)%, prealbumin, CD4+, CD8+ and higher levels of WBC, neutrophil (N)%, CRP, ESR, NT-proBNP, ALT, CD4+/CD8+ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). For KD group, the 53 IVIG-resistant patients had significantly higher levels of S100A12, HMGB1, serum IL-17A, N%, CRP, NT-proBNP, TBIL, ALT, AST and lower levels of L%, PLT (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in comparison to the IVIG-responsive patients. For patients with IVIG-resistant, IVIG retreatment, methylprednisolone or infliximab were used. Methylprednisolone showed better in improving clinical symptoms and CRP than the IVIG retreatment and infliximab (P> 0.05).Conclusion: IVIG-resistant was associated with overreaction of inflammation.The levels of HMGB1,S100A12 and IL-17A suggested to be reliable predictors for IVIG-resistant in KD. In addition, the adjunctive therapy of methylprednisolone and infliximab showed more effective in relieving clinical symptoms than IVIG retreatment.

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