scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Variation of Carotenoids in Four Species of Trentepohlia (Trentepohliales, Chlorophyta)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Kharkongor ◽  
Papiya Ramanujam
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Wall Rock ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Tree Barks ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Different Types

Trentepohlia Martius, a dominant green subaerial alga, grows abundantly in Shillong and imparts the yellow, red, and orange colours to most of the tree barks, walls, rocks, and electric poles because of high accumulation of carotenoids in their filaments. This study emphasised the seasonal changes in carotenoid content amongst four different species of Trentepohlia, that is, T. diffracta, T. arborum, T. umbrina, and T. abietina, collected from four different substrata, that is, wall, rock, electric pole, and three types of tree bark (smooth, fissured, and rough). Quantitative estimation of different carotenoids, namely, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and β-carotene, from HPLC chromatogram peak showed a significant seasonal variation in all of the four species and β-carotene was threefold more in winter compared to summer. Amongst the selected species, T. diffracta collected from wall contained the highest amount of β-carotene both in summer and in winter, followed by T. arborum from rock and T. abietina from bark, and least amount was in T. umbrina collected from electric pole. Comparing the carotenoid content in Trentepohlia abietina growing in different types of barks, sample from smooth bark had the highest amount of carotenoids both in summer and in winter, followed by the sample from rough bark, and lowest amount was noted in fissured bark.

Spatial and temporal variation in littoral-zone benthic invertebrates from three south-central Ontario lakes

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1406-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Reid ◽  
K. M. Somers ◽  
S. M. David
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
South Central ◽  
Temporal Factors ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Spatial Differences

Surveys of benthic invertebrates have revealed patterns attributed to the impacts of acid deposition. Unfortunately, these patterns may be confounded by temporal variation that will affect follow-up studies of the recovery of these communities. Here, we assess spatial and temporal variation in time-limited, kick-and-sweep collections of littoral-zone benthos. Spatial variation comprised five sites representing the predominant nearshore substrates in each of three lakes. Temporal variation spanned a different scale in each lake with five sites sampled: (i) twice on the same day, (ii) once a week for 3 weeks, and (iii) four times through the ice-free season. Variation was quantified using a model II analysis of variance. Spatial differences predominated in same-day samples (60.4% of the variation on average) and those collected over a 3-week period (46.1%). In contrast, samples collected over the ice-free season revealed that spatial and temporal factors accounted for 9.4 and 25.6% of the variation. We conclude that our collections of littoral macrobenthos are highly repeatable if sampling is restricted to short periods (e.g., 3 weeks). Surveys spanning longer periods may incorporate considerable temporal variation from seasonal changes in abundance.

Magnetic properties of PM in indoor/outdoor domestic environments 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruã Da Silva Leite ◽  
Melina Macouin ◽  
Sonia Rousse ◽  
Jean-François Leon ◽  
Loïc Drigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Magnetic Mineralogy ◽  
Magnetic Methods ◽  
Tree Barks ◽  
Domestic Environments ◽  
One Year ◽  
The City

<p>The finer fraction of the particulate matter (PM) is the most harmful health wise, as it has more capacity to reach deeper parts of the respiratory system. Among other constituents, PM also contains iron oxides, allowing for the use of magnetic methods in its investigation as proxies for the whole of PM. Those methods present advantages in comparison to traditional ones, being quick, cost effective and sensible to investigate iron oxides among PM. </p><p>To better understand the risks related to PM exposition in the domestic context, the assessment of magnetic parameters may be used in outdoor and indoor environments, giving us information on the concentration of iron oxides (and consequently, PM) and its dispersion from one environment to the other. </p><p>We developed a citizen sciences experiment in the city of Toulouse, France. Tree barks were used as bio-collectors. Garlands composed of tree bark pieces were distributed to the population in May-2019, and placed in both indoors and outdoors of flats and homes to capture PM. They were retrieved after one year. Measurement of magnetic susceptibility, ARM, SIRM, S -ratio and estimation of superparamagnetic concentration were performed. A total of 86 bio-collectors kits were successfully analyzed. The preliminary results indicate a higher concentration of iron oxides outdoors, with a mean difference between outdoor and indoor measurements of 6.58x10<sup>-9</sup>m<sup>3</sup>/kg and 1.38x10<sup>-5</sup>Am<sup>2</sup>/kg in susceptibility and SIRM respectively. The concentration of the SP fraction also follows this trend of higher outdoor values. The magnetic mineralogy is mostly dominated by low coercivity magnetite-like carriers.</p><div> <div> <div> </div> </div> <div> <div> </div> </div> </div>

scholarly journals The Role of Sequestrene 138 in Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Micropropagation

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1487-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doina Clapa ◽  
Claudiu Bunea ◽  
Orsolya Borsai ◽  
Adela Pintea ◽  
Monica Hârța ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Media ◽  
Dark Green

The current research was carried out to investigate the effects of iron source in the culture media for Vaccinium corymbosum L. ʻBluerayʼ, ʻDukeʼ, and ʻPatriotʼ cultivars grown on five different types of medium (Woody Plant Medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L−1 zeatin and 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg·L−1 Sequestrene 138). After 10 weeks of culture, seven physiological parameters were measured, such as the number and length of axillary shoots, rooting and acclimatization percentage, as well as chlorophyll (a, b, a/b) and carotenoid content of the leaves. Adding Sequestrene 138 to the culture media led to a slight decrease of the proliferation rate but increased the length of the shoots. The chlorophyll and carotenoid content in all of the three cultivars was considerably increased as the iron concentration of the media increased. The shoots developed on the Sequestrene 138–free medium were chlorotic and short, whereas at different concentrations of iron in the culture medium the shoots were dark green and vigorous, providing a greater acclimatization success than those grown in iron-free medium.

Occurrence and relative abundance of mosquitoes in stormwater retention facilities in North Carolina, USA

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.F. Hunt ◽  
C.S. Apperson ◽  
S.G. Kennedy ◽  
B.A. Harrison ◽  
W.G. Lord
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Retention Structures ◽  
Stormwater Retention

Throughout the 2004 mosquito season, 52 stormwater retention facilities were sampled to characterize the seasonal occurrence and relative abundance of mosquito species in relation to the structural complexity and biological diversity of the facilities. The three different types of facilities included standard wet ponds (n=20), innovative ponds (n=14), and wetland ponds (n=18). All retention structures were sampled at the beginning, middle and end of the mosquito season so that seasonal changes in mosquito production could be characterized. Overall samplings, mosquitoes were collected from 34% of the retention structures. Fourteen species representing 7 genera were collected, but only 5 species (Culex erraticus, Cx. territans, Anophelesquadrimaculatus, An. punctipennis and Uranotaenia sapphirina) were commonly collected in all three types of stormwater management facilities. In general, the seasonal prevalence and relative abundance of mosquito species did not vary among three types of retention structures. A significant association (P<0.01) between the presence of mosquito larvae or pupae and the absence of mosquitofish was found for innovative and wetland stormwater retention facilities but not for standard retention facilities (P>0.05).

Cytotoxic Properties of Oligostilbenoids from the Tree Barks of Hopea dryobalanoides

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 723-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Euis H. Hakim ◽  
Lia D. Juliawaty ◽  
Yana M. Syah ◽  
Laily bin Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Tree Barks ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Abstract A new modified stilbene dimer, diptoindonesin D (1), was isolated from the acetone extract of the tree bark of Hopea dryobalanoides, together with seven known compounds, parviflorol (2), (D)-balanocarpol (3), heimiol A (4), hopeafuran (5), (+)-α-viniferin (6), vaticanol B (7) and (D)-hopeaphenol (8). Cytotoxic properties of compounds 1-8 were evaluated against murine leukemia P-388 cells. Compound 8 was found to be the most active with IC50 of 5.7 μm

THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF FROST INJURY AND RESISTANCE IN BLACK LOCUST, ALFALFA, AND WHEAT TISSUES BY DETERMINATION OF AMINO ACIDS AND OTHER NINHYDRIN-REACTING SUBSTANCES RELEASED AFTER THAWING

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Siminovitch ◽  
H. Therrien ◽  
F. Gfeller ◽  
B. Rheaume
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Freezing Injury ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
Frost Injury ◽  
Ninhydrin Reaction

Amino acids and other soluble α-amino compounds are liberated into a leaching medium from tissues of black locust bark, alfalfa, and wheat that are frozen to temperatures which are injurious to the tissues. The amounts liberated increase with lowering in freezing temperature and are proportional to the loss in vital capacity of the tissue. Insignificant amounts of amino acids are released by leaching of non-frozen tissue while a maximum is reached at freezing temperatures which are completely lethal. The amino acids liberated from frozen and thawed tissues must originate from the destruction of living cells by the freezing process. The determination of the concentration of amino acids in the medium in which the plant tissues are leached after freezing can be used therefore as a quantitative method for the estimation of the injury sustained in the freezing.The use of the ninhydrin reaction for the purpose of this determination is described and its application to the estimation of freezing injury and resistance in a variety of hardy and non-hardy tissues of alfalfa, wheat, and black locust tree bark is shown. The extension of this procedure to the determination of injury produced by toxic and other detrimental agents is indicated.

scholarly journals Analysis of lead and arsenic in cosmetics and assessment of students awareness about cosmetic toxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1426
Author(s):  
Rehna Saidalavi ◽  
Hashim A. ◽  
Kishor Kumar B. ◽  
Leena Pramod K. ◽  
Prabhakar Adake
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Variable Level ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Chronic Use ◽  
Indian Scenario

Background: Many people believe that all cosmetics are safe but there are number of studies proving that majority of the cosmetics contains heavy metals or other chemicals. In this study we selected two heavy metals arsenic and lead because as per the Indian scenario is concerned most of the Hindu and Muslim females uses lead/arsenic based cosmetics.Methods: For the qualitative/quantitative estimation to detect heavy metals such as arsenic and lead in cosmetics, 20 different types of cosmetics were purchased from local market, labelled and analysed by qualitative test for heavy metals method and ICP-AES Analysis of cosmetics method.Results: A questionnaire was framed out in English and analysis showed that students had an adverse effect while using cosmetic products. Preliminary analysis of some samples gave positive results and for confirmation these samples were sent to IIT Bombay for ICP-AES analysis. Some of the samples showed variable level of heavy metals such as lead and arsenic. Highest concentration of lead and arsenic was found in Surma followed by Sindoor, lip balm and Kajal.Conclusions: Heavy metals are one of the major contaminant in our eco system. Apart from this a number of cosmetic products also contain the same. Chronic use of this kind of cosmetic products will leads heavy metal toxicity.

scholarly journals Analysis of Larch-Bark Capacity for Formaldehyde Removal in Wood Adhesives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Mariana Tudor ◽  
Marius Catalin Barbu ◽  
Alexander Petutschnigg ◽  
Roman Réh ◽  
Ľuboš Krišťák
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Acetate ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Formaldehyde Content ◽  
Environmental Properties ◽  
Formaldehyde Removal ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Method Of Production

Ecofriendly wood-based materials are required by consumers at present. Decorative panels are part of a large group of wood-composite materials, and their environmental properties must not be neglected. More environmentally friendly decorative panels can be achieved by various methods. This paper describes a method of production from larch bark. Tree bark, as a byproduct of the wood industry, is one of the research topics that have gained interest in the last decade, especially for its applications in biobased lignocomposites, with regard to the shrinkage of wood resources. In the present work, the formaldehyde content of decorative boards based on larch bark (0.6 g/cm3) was analyzed when bonded with five different types of adhesive systems: urea-formaldehyde, polyvinyl acetate, the mixture of 70% urea-formaldehyde + 30% polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane, and tannin-based adhesive. A self-agglomerated board was also analyzed. The formaldehyde content of the larch-bark samples was determined with the perforator method (EN 120:2011), and findings showed that all tested samples reached the E1 classification (≤8 mg/100 oven dry). Moreover, 75% of the values of the corrected formaldehyde content were included in the super-E0 class (≤1.5 mg/100 oven dry). In the case of boards bonded with tannin-based adhesive, this natural polymer acted as a formaldehyde scavenger.

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