scholarly journals Incidental Adrenal Enlargement: An Overview from a Retrospective Study in a Chinese Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le-le Li ◽  
Wei-jun Gu ◽  
Jing-tao Dou ◽  
Guo-qing Yang ◽  
Zhao-hui Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Cushing Syndrome ◽  
Radiographic Finding ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Medical Checkup ◽  
Adrenal Enlargement ◽  
Adrenal Imaging

Aim. To investigate incidental adrenal enlargement clinical characteristics and functional status and analyze functional lesion risk factors.Materials and Methods. This retrospective study included 578 patients with adrenal imaging features showing enlargement. Incidental adrenal enlargement cases (78) were considered eligible. Demographics, functional diagnosis, adrenal imaging features, and concomitant diseases were analyzed.Results. The number of adrenal enlargements and proportion of incidental adrenal enlargement increased each year. Mean patient age was 50.32 years. Thirty-nine cases had unilateral enlargement on the left side and 3 on the right side; 36 had bilateral enlargement. Routine medical checkup was found to have the greatest chance (43.59%) of revealing clinical onsets leading to discovery. Biochemical and functional evaluation revealed 54 (69.23%) cases of nonfunctional lesions, 12 (15.38%) of subclinical Cushing syndrome, 6 (7.69%) of primary hyperaldosteronism, 1 (1.28%) of metastasis, and 5 (6.41%) of unknown functional status. Nodular adrenal enlargement (OR, 7.306; 95% CI, 1.727–28.667;P= 0.006) was a risk factor for functional lesions. Age and lesion location were not significant factors.Conclusion. Incidental adrenal enlargement is a frequent radiographic finding and is accompanied by diverse clinical factors that require proper evaluation and management. Nodular adrenal enlargement was a risk factor.

Transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt is a risk factor for liver dysplasia but not hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective study of explanted livers

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Borentain ◽  
Stephane Garcia ◽  
Emilie Gregoire ◽  
Vincent Vidal ◽  
Pascal Ananian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Retrospective Study

scholarly journals Can Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis Be Parameterized and Standardized? A Narrative Review

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Luís Carlos Matos ◽  
Jorge Pereira Machado ◽  
Fernando Jorge Monteiro ◽  
Henry Johannes Greten
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Mechanical Pulse ◽  
Proof Of Efficacy

The integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Western health systems and research requires a rational communicable theory, scientific proof of efficacy and safety, and quality control measures. The existence of clear definitions and the diagnosis standardization are critical factors to establish the patient’s vegetative functional status accurately and, therefore, systematically apply TCM therapeutics such as the stimulation of reflex skin areas known as acupoints. This science-based conceptualization entails using validated methods, or even developing new systems able to parameterize the diagnosis and assess TCM related effects by objective measurements. Traditionally, tongue and pulse diagnosis and the functional evaluation of action points by pressure sensitivity and physical examination may be regarded as essential diagnostic tools. Parameterizing these techniques is a future key point in the objectification of TCM diagnosis, such as by electronic digital image analysis, mechanical pulse diagnostic systems, or the systematic evaluation of acupoints’ electrophysiology. This review aims to demonstrate and critically analyze some achievements and limitations in the clinical application of device-assisted TCM diagnosis systems to evaluate functional physiological patterns. Despite some limitations, tongue, pulse, and electrophysiological diagnosis devices have been reported as a useful tool while establishing a person’s functional status.

scholarly journals Mandibular third molars as a risk factor for angle fractures: a retrospective study

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rajkumar ◽  
Sinha Ramen ◽  
Roy Chowdhury ◽  
P. K. Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Angle Fractures

Hepatocellular carcinoma in the non-cirrhotic liver

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Dong Yi ◽  
Wang Wen-Ping ◽  
Won Jae Lee ◽  
Maria Franca Meloni ◽  
Dirk-Andre Clevert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cirrhotic Liver ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
High Risk Factor ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Liver cirrhosis is an established high-risk factor for HCC and the majority of patients diagnosed with HCC have cirrhosis. However, HCC also arises in non-cirrhotic livers in approximately 20 %of all cases. HCC in non-cirrhotic patients is often clinically silent and surveillance is usually not recommended. HCC is often diagnosed at an advanced stage in these patients. Current information about HCC in patients with non-cirrhotic liver is limited. Here we review the current knowledge on epidemiology, clinical features and imaging features of those patiens.

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