scholarly journals Balance Function in High-Energy Collisions

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tawfik ◽  
Asmaa G. Shalaby
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
System Size ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
Balance Functions ◽  
Quark Phase ◽  
Energy Physics

Aspects and implications of the balance functions (BF) in high-energy physics are reviewed. The various calculations and measurements depending on different quantities, for example, system size, collisions centrality, and beam energy, are discussed. First, the different definitions including advantages and even short-comings are highlighted. It is found that BF, which are mainly presented in terms of relative rapidity, and relative azimuthal and invariant relative momentum, are sensitive to the interaction centrality but not to the beam energy and can be used in estimating the hadronization time and the hadron-quark phase transition. Furthermore, the quark chemistry can be determined. The chemical evolution of the new-state-of-matter, the quark-gluon plasma, and its temporal-spatial evolution, femtoscopy of two-particle correlations, are accessible. The production time of positive-negative pair of charges can be determined from the widths of BF. Due to the reduction in the diffusion time, narrowed widths refer to delayed hadronization. It is concluded that BF are powerful tools characterizing hadron-quark phase transition and estimating some essential properties.

scholarly journals Influence of Backside Energy Leakages from Hadronic Calorimeters on Fluctuation Measures in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Andrey Seryakov
Keyword(s):  
High Energy Physics ◽  
System Size ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Fixed Target ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Energy Physics

The phase diagram of the strongly interacting matter is the main research subject for different current and future experiments in high-energy physics. System size and energy scan programs aim to find a possible critical point. One of such programs was accomplished by the fixed-target NA61/SHINE experiment in 2018. It includes six beam energies and six colliding systems: p + p, Be + Be, Ar + Sc, Xe + La, Pb + Pb and p + Pb. In this study, we discuss how the efficiency of centrality selection by forward spectators influences multiplicity and fluctuation measures and how this influence depends on the size of colliding systems. We use SHIELD and EPOS Monte-Carlo (MC) generators along with the wounded nucleon model, introduce a probability to lose a forward spectator and spectator energy loss. We show that for light colliding systems such as Be or Li even a small inefficiency in centrality selection has a dramatic impact on multiplicity scaled variance. Conversely, heavy systems such as Ar + Sc are much less prone to the effect.

scholarly journals Neutron Star Mergers: Probing the EoS of Hot, Dense Matter by Gravitational Waves

Particles ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Hanauske ◽  
Jan Steinheimer ◽  
Anton Motornenko ◽  
Volodymyr Vovchenko ◽  
Luke Bovard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Neutron Star ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Phase Structure ◽  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Compact Star ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Quark Phase

Gravitational waves, electromagnetic radiation, and the emission of high energy particles probe the phase structure of the equation of state of dense matter produced at the crossroad of the closely related relativistic collisions of heavy ions and of binary neutron stars mergers. 3 + 1 dimensional special- and general relativistic hydrodynamic simulation studies reveal a unique window of opportunity to observe phase transitions in compressed baryon matter by laboratory based experiments and by astrophysical multimessenger observations. The astrophysical consequences of a hadron-quark phase transition in the interior of a compact star will be focused within this article. Especially with a future detection of the post-merger gravitational wave emission emanated from a binary neutron star merger event, it would be possible to explore the phase structure of quantum chromodynamics. The astrophysical observables of a hadron-quark phase transition in a single compact star system and binary hybrid star merger scenario will be summarized within this article. The FAIR facility at GSI Helmholtzzentrum allows one to study the universe in the laboratory, and several astrophysical signatures of the quark-gluon plasma have been found in relativistic collisions of heavy ions and will be explored in future experiments.

scholarly journals TESTS OF PERTURBATIVE QCD AND JET PHYSICS

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (supp01b) ◽  
pp. 607-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN WOMERSLEY
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Jet Physics ◽  
Heavy Flavor ◽  
Final State ◽  
Qcd Phase Transition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Energy Physics

Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is a vast domain. In the past twelve months, no fewer than 473 papers with "QCD" in the title were submitted to the hep–ph archive (admittedly, this includes such titles as "Cosmological QCD Phase Transition and Dark Matter"). More relevant, perhaps, is to note that 93 QCD-related abstracts were submitted to the 1999 Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics (EPS99). I shall therefore have to be selective, and will organize this presentation by final state: jets, photons, weak bosons, and heavy flavor. I would like to thank everyone who helped me put this presentation together, and extend my apologies to all those whose work had to be omitted or brutally summarized. I also ask the audience's indulgence for any biases from my particular background as a Tevatron experimenter.

Development of Silicon Sensor Characterization System for Future High Energy Physics Experiments

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Preeti Kumari ◽  
◽  
Kavita Lalwani ◽  
Ranjit Dalal ◽  
Ashutosh Bhardwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Physics Experiments ◽  
Silicon Sensor ◽  
Energy Physics
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