scholarly journals Pricing Analysis in Geo/Geo/1 Queueing System

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ma ◽  
Zaiming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Queueing System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Optimal Pricing ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Equilibrium Behavior ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante

This paper studies the equilibrium behavior of customers and optimal pricing strategies of servers in a Geo/Geo/1 queueing system. Two common pricing mechanisms are considered. The first one is called ex-post payment (EPP) scheme where the server collects tolls proportional to queue times, and the second one is called ex-ante payment (EAP) scheme where the server charges a flat fee for the total service. The server sets the toll price to maximize its own profit. It is found that, under a customer’s choice equilibrium, the two toll mechanisms are equivalent from the economic point of view. Finally, we present several numerical experiments to investigate the effects of system parameters on the equilibrium customer joining rate and servers’ profits.

scholarly journals Optimal Pricing Strategies and Customers’ Equilibrium Behavior in an Unobservable M/M/1 Queueing System with Negative Customers and Repair

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doo Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Queueing System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Optimal Pricing ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
Negative Customers ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Equilibrium Behavior ◽  
Payment Scheme ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Pricing Schemes

This work investigates the optimal pricing strategies of a server and the equilibrium behavior of customers in an unobservable M/M/1 queueing system with negative customers and repair. In this work, we consider two pricing schemes. The first is termed the ex-post payment scheme, where the server charges a price that is proportional to the time spent by a customer in the system. The second scheme is the ex-ante payment scheme, where the server charges a flat rate for all services. Based on the reward-cost structure, the server (or system manager) should make optimal pricing decisions in order to maximize its expected profit per time unit in each payment scheme. This study also investigates equilibrium joining/balking behavior under the server’s optimal pricing strategies in the two pricing schemes. We show, given a customer’s equilibrium, that the two pricing schemes are perfectly identical from an economic point of view. Finally, we illustrate the effect of several system parameters on the optimal joining probabilities, the optimal price, and the equilibrium behavior via numerical examples.

Irrwege der Klimapolitik – Anmerkungen aus volkswirtschaftlicher Sicht / Wrong Tracks of Climate Policy – Notes from an Economic Point of view

ORDO ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Schöler
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Räumliche Verteilung

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag wird die Klimapolitik der Kohlendioxid-Vermeidung kritisiert und dieser Politik die ex-post-Schadensbehebung als Strategie gegenübergestellt. Diese weist vielfältige Vorteile auf. Zunächst sind die Klimamodelle, die einen weitgehend monokausalen Zusammenhang zwischen einem anthropogenen Kohlendioxid-Ausstoß und Klimaveränderung prognostizieren, mit bedeutenden Unsicherheiten behaftet. Weiterhin erzeugt die Politik der Kohlendioxid-Vermeidung erhebliche volkswirtschaftliche Kosten, die vermutlich ein Vielfaches der Kosten betragen, die eine nachträgliche Behebung der Schäden, die durch Klimaveränderungen hervorgerufen werden, ausmachen. Ferner hat die vorgeschlagene Strategie den Vorzug, dass im Nachhinein Art, Umfang und räumliche Verteilung der Schäden bekannt sind und durch gezielte Beseitigung behoben werden können. Schließlich sind dazu kleine, in ihrer Reichweite begrenzte und korrigierbare Maßnahmen einsetzbar, die einen Verzicht auf Großprojekte mit ihren nicht abschätzbaren Folgen erlauben.

Das Leistungsschutzrecht für Presseverleger: Eine ordnungspolitische Perspektive

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben Stühmeier
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
New Right ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
German Press ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The Press ◽  
Ex Ante

AbstractSince the beginning of the year 2009 the German press publishers have lobbied for their own neighbouring right which should protect even short snippets of online press articles. The new right should basically protect the press publishers’ investments in the online environment. Currently there is an intensive debate among several involved interest groups about the expected effects of such a right. The present article aims to sheds some light on the expected economic effects. It states that a neighbouring right is not sufficiently justified by economic theory and can distort efficiency both from an ex ante and an ex post point of view.

Ex-Ante and Ex-Post Performance of Optimal REIT Portfolios

CFA Digest ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
Ann C. Logue
Keyword(s):  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante

Sophie Laws, with Caroline Harper and Rachel Marcus. Research for Development: A Practical Guide. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications. 2003. xiii+475 pages. Paperback. Indian Rupees 450.00.

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-172
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Policy Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Is Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Development Workers

To implement any successful policy, research about the subject-matter is essential. Lack of knowledge would result in failure and, from an economic point of view, it would lead to a waste of scarce resources. The book under review is essentially a manual which highlights the use of research for development. The book is divided into two parts. Part One informs the reader about concepts and some theory, and Part Two deals with the issue of undertaking research for development. Both parts have 11 chapters each. Chapter 1 asks the basic question: Is research important in development work? The answer is that it is. Research has many dimensions: from the basic asking of questions to the more sophisticated broad-based analysis of policy issues. The chapter, in short, stresses the usefulness of research which development workers ignore at their own peril.

Erreurs de prévision ex ante et ex post

1993 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Pierre Malgrange ◽  
Silvia Mira d'Ercole
Keyword(s):  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante
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