scholarly journals Variations of Tongue Coating Microbiota in Patients with Gastric Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Hu ◽  
Shuwen Han ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Zhaoning Ji
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Tongue Diagnosis ◽  
Tongue Manifestation

The physical status of humans can be estimated by observing the appearance of the tongue coating, known as tongue diagnosis. The goals of this study were to reveal the relationship between tongue coating appearance and the oral microbiota in patients with gastric cancer and to open a novel research direction supporting tongue diagnosis. We used a tongue manifestation acquisition instrument to analyse the thickness of the tongue coating of patients with gastric cancer and that of healthy controls, and high-throughput sequencing was used to describe the microbial community of the tongue coating by sequencing the V2–V4 region of the 16S rDNA. The tongue coatings of 74 patients with gastric cancer were significantly thicker than those of 72 healthy controls (343.11 ± 198.22 versus 98.42 ± 48.25,P<0.001); 51.35% of the patients were assessed as having thick tongue coatings, whereas all healthy controls were assessed as having thin tongue coatings. Thick tongue coatings presented lower microbial community diversity than thin tongue coatings. The tongue coating bacterial community is associated with the appearance of the tongue coating. The tongue coating may be a potential source for diagnosing gastric cancer, but its sensitivity needs to be further improved.

scholarly journals The Herbal Formula CBD Improves Sleep Quality Dependent on Oral Microbial Type and Tongue Diagnostic Features in Insomnia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Jee Kim ◽  
Shambhunath Bose ◽  
Na Rae Shin ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Ojin Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Primary Insomnia ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Tongue Diagnosis

Abstract Background Cheonwangbosim-dan (CBD) is a traditional Korean herb formula that has been widely prescribed for insomnia patients with a heart-yin deficiency (HYD) pattern. Several studies have recently reported that heart function and insomnia are interrelated, and others have explored associations between insomnia, oral microbiota, and tongue diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CBD on primary insomnia, tongue diagnosis, and oral microbiota. We conducted a prospective, open-label clinical trial on primary insomnia. At baseline, 56 patients with primary insomnia were assigned to two groups, a HYD group and a non-HYD (NHYD) group. Members of these groups took CBD for 6 weeks. Primary and secondary outcomes including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Indices (PSQIs), Insomnia Severity Indices (ISIs), actigraphy results, cardiac function, autonomic nerve function, clinical laboratory results, tongue features, and oral microbiota were collected from all subjects at after 0, 3, or 6 weeks of treatment. Additionally, PSQI and ISI were determined by telephone follow-up 10 weeks after study commencement.Results During the study, PSQIs and ISIs decreased significantly in both groups. However, the PSQI reduction observed in the HYD group was greater than in the NHYD group and sleep times as determined by actigraphy, that is, total bedtimes (TBTs) and total sleep times (TST), increased only in the HYD group. As sleep quality improved, the amount of tongue coating increased at the posterior tongue, where heart function appears. At baseline, the HYD and NHYD group had a specific oral microbiota (Veillonella at genus level), but no significant change was observed after taking CBD. Additionally, subjects were divided into two oral microbiota types (‘orotype’). The genera Prevotella, Veillonella or Neisseria were abundant in each orotype. The reduction in PSQI in the orotype 1 during the 6-week treatment period was greater than in orotype 2.Conclusions Taking together, CBD was effective in primary insomnia patients with a HYD pattern and CBD increased the amount of tongue coating. In addition, oral microbiota distributions were different in patients with a HYD or a NHYD pattern. The study shows CBD could be used to treat primary insomnia in patients with a HYD pattern as determined using tongue diagnosis and oral microbiota distributional patterns.

Assessing the Performance and the Microbial Dynamics of Co-composting System Using Recycled Cow Manure and Bedding Material Waste 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Duan ◽  
Minghua Ji ◽  
Ai Chen ◽  
Shiqiu Xie ◽  
Junsong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Bedding Material ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Community Succession ◽  
Composting Systems

Abstract Co-composting of recycled cow manure and waste bedding material has been used to convert both agricultural wastes to biofertilizers. This study explored the succession of microbial community, metabolic function and substances conversion capacities during 60 days’ co-composting using high throughput sequencing technology. The study revealed that co-composting of cow manure and bedding material waste at a ratio of 1.32 (CM+B) had the highest efficiency among four treatments. The bacterial and fungal community diversity changed significantly during the co-composting of CM+B group, and the major phyla included Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Ascomycota. PICRUSt and FUNGuild analysis showed that carbohydrate, lipid metabolism and especially nitrogen fixation were enhanced in the thermophilic phase, while animal and plant pathogens were not detected after the co-composting. Wood saprotrophs became the dominant fungal group (89.1%) in the maturation phase. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) confirmed that temperature influenced bacterial community succession more than it influenced fungal community succession. Ruminiclostridium had a significantly positive relationship with temperature (p_value < 0.05), while pH and C/N had significant effect on the fungal (p_value < 0.05), and Penicillium and Mortierella were significantly related to moisture (p_value < 0.05). This work describes an efficient methodology to deal with co-composting systems that had been successfully applied in agricultural wastes treatment, enabling further understanding in mechanisms underlying the substance conversion and the involved microbial community succession in sophisticated composting system.

Analysis of microbial changes in the rhizosphere of unplanted and planted Atractylodes lancea via high-throughput sequencing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xu ◽  
Junfeng Niu ◽  
Lijun Chen ◽  
Xiaoqiang Wu ◽  
Zhongmin Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Atractylodes Lancea ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Atractylodes lancea is a traditional Chinese medicine, which typically requires more than 3–4 years of continuous cropping to obtain the underground medicinal components. With continuous cropping years, the quality and yields of A. lancea medicinal materials decrease, while pests and diseases increase. These aspects are intimately correlated with rhizospheric microorganisms. Methods This research paper employed high-throughput sequencing for its detection in soil that was cultivated for three years and never cultivated to clarify the relationship between the microbial diversity of the rhizosphere and continuous A. lancea cropping. Results The rhizosphere microbial community was altered following the continuous cropping of A. lancea. The bacterial diversity and richness were observed to decrease, while the fungal community diversity increased, and richness decreased. The total OUTs of the soil bacteria and fungi of unplanted and planted A. lancea were 59.58% and 37.65%, respectively. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi decreased, whereas the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota increased. At the genus level, Bradyrhizobium, Striaticonidium, Dactylonectria, Sphingomonas, Burkholderiaceae, Rhodanobacter, Arthrobacter, Scleroderma, Mortierella and Penicillium were significantly different between the two sample groups. Conclusions Our results revealed that following the cultivation of A. lancea, the rhizospheric microbial community was altered. This study preliminarily determined the

High-throughput sequencing reveals microbial community diversity of Tibetan naturally fermented yak milk

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1741-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Liu ◽  
Xiaoxia Xi ◽  
Qimuge Sudu ◽  
Laiyu Kwok ◽  
Zhuang Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Microbial Community Diversity ◽  
Yak Milk

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the oral microbiota between iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) patients and healthy individuals by high throughput sequencing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranhui Xi ◽  
Renke Wang ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Zhenting Xiang ◽  
Zhifei Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Iron Deficient

Abstract Background: The relationship between oral microbiota and IE (infective endocarditis) is well established. Opportunistic pathogens in normal oral flora enter the bloodstream through daily oral cleaning or invasive dental procedures, leading to the occurrence of infective endocarditis. An in vitro iron-deficient condition leads to a drastic community shift in oral microbiota with increasing proportions of taxa related to infective endocarditis. To investigate the relationship among insufficient iron supply, oral microbiota and the risk of IE and to conduct a population amplification study, iron-deficiency anaemia is used as an in vivo model. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 24 primary iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) patients from 2015.6 to 2016.6 from the hematology department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and 24 healthy controls. High-throughput sequencing compared the dental plaque microbiota of 24 IDA (iron-deficiency anaemia) patients and 24 healthy controls. Results: Sequences were classified into 12 phyla, 28 classes, 50 orders, 161 genera and 497 OTUs (the IDA and control groups shared the same 384 OTUs). Iron deficiency leads to lower internal diversity in the oral flora. The abundances of genera Corynebacterium, Neisseria, Cardiobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Aggregatibacter were significantly higher in healthy controls, while genera Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas and Moraxella showed higher proportions in the IDA group (P<0.05). The relative abundances of genera Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas and Moraxella were significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of serum ferritin (P<0.05). Conclusions: Without an increase of oral streptococci, the main pathogen of IE, it is difficult to determine whether IDA can increase the risk of IE. However, the iron-deficient condition did lead to changes in the oral microbiota community structure. The genera that showed higher proportions in the IDA group were frequently reported as antibiotic-resistant. As antibiotics are commonly recommended to prevent IE before dental procedures, this study offers new ideas of personalized prevention of IE.

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