scholarly journals Effect of Glyceraldehyde Cross-Linking on a Rabbit Bullous Keratopathy Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bullous Keratopathy ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Corneal Transparency ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hyperosmolar Solutions ◽  
The Right

Background. To evaluate the effects of corneal glyceraldehyde CXL on the rabbit bullous keratopathy models established by descemetorhexis.Methods. Fifteen rabbits were randomly divided into five groups. Group A (n=3) is the control group. The right eyes of animals in Groups B,C, D, and E (n=3, resp.) were suffered with descemetorhexis procedures. From the 8th day to the 14th day postoperatively, the right eyes in Groups C and D were instilled with hyperosmolar drops and glyceraldehyde drops, respectively; the right eyes in Group E were instilled with both hyperosmolar drops and glyceraldehyde drops. Central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal transparency score, and histopathological analysis were applied on the eyes in each group.Results. Compared with Group A, statistically significant increase in CCT and corneal transparency score was found in Groups B, C, D, and E at 7 d postoperatively (P<0.05) and in Groups C, D, and E at 14 d postoperatively (P<0.05).Conclusion. Chemical CXL technique using glyceraldehyde improved the CCT and corneal transparency of the rabbit bullous keratopathy models. Topical instillation with glyceraldehyde and hyperosmolar solutions seems to be a good choice for the bullous keratopathy treatment.

scholarly journals Selective hypothermia: an experimental study on traumatic brain injury in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2b) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amylcar Edemilson Dvilevicius ◽  
Mirto Nelso Prandini
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cortical Impact ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of selective hypothermia in the treatment of the traumatic brain injury in rats. METHOD: After the trauma produced for the model of cortical impact, a small craniectomy in the right frontoparietal region was carried through; after the procedure the animals had been divided in two groups of 15 each. Group A, without treatment with hypothermia (control group) and group B, treated with selective hypothermia for a period to 5 to 6 hours. After this time all the animals were sacrificed, their brains had been removed and histopathological analysis was carried through. RESULTS: Comparison between both groups was done using the counting of neurons injured for field. Counting in the control group n=15 had an average of 70.80 neurons injured for field against an average of 21.33 neurons injured for field in group B (submitted to the treatment with hypothermia), with n=15 also. The difference was statiscally significant. CONCLUSION: Based in the quantification of the neurons injured for field, the effectiveness of the treatment with selective hypothermia was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Corneal Biomechanical Parameters and Central Corneal Thickness in Glaucoma Patients, Glaucoma Suspects, and a Healthy Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2637
Author(s):  
Mª. Ángeles del Buey-Sayas ◽  
Elena Lanchares-Sancho ◽  
Pilar Campins-Falcó ◽  
María Dolores Pinazo-Durán ◽  
Cristina Peris-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biomechanical Parameters ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To evaluate and compare corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), and central corneal thickness (CCT), measurements were taken between a healthy population (controls), patients diagnosed with glaucoma (DG), and glaucoma suspect patients due to ocular hypertension (OHT), family history of glaucoma (FHG), or glaucoma-like optic discs (GLD). Additionally, Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg) and corneal-compensated IOP (IOPcc) were compared between the different groups of patients. Methods: In this prospective analytical-observational study, a total of 1065 patients (one eye of each) were recruited to undergo Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) testing, ultrasound pachymetry, and clinical examination. Corneal biomechanical parameters (CH, CRF), CCT, IOPg, and IOPcc were measured in the control group (n = 574) and the other groups: DG (n = 147), FHG (n = 78), GLD (n = 90), and OHT (n = 176). We performed a variance analysis (ANOVA) for all the dependent variables according to the different diagnostic categories with multiple comparisons to identify the differences between the diagnostic categories, deeming p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: The mean CH in the DG group (9.69 mmHg) was significantly lower compared to controls (10.75 mmHg; mean difference 1.05, p < 0.001), FHG (10.70 mmHg; mean difference 1.00, p < 0.05), GLD (10.63 mmHg; mean difference 0.93, p < 0.05) and OHT (10.54 mmHg; mean difference 0.84, p < 0.05). No glaucoma suspects (FHG, GLD, OHT groups) presented significant differences between themselves and the control group (p = 1.00). No statistically significant differences were found in the mean CRF between DG (11.18 mmHg) and the control group (10.75 mmHg; mean difference 0.42, p = 0.40). The FHG and OHT groups showed significantly higher mean CRF values (12.32 and 12.41 mmHg, respectively) than the DG group (11.18 mmHg), with mean differences of 1.13 (p < 0.05) and 1.22 (p < 0.001), respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in CCT in the analysis between DG (562 μ) and the other groups (control = 556 μ, FHG = 576 μ, GLD = 569 μ, OHT = 570 μ). The means of IOPg and IOPcc values were higher in the DG patient and suspect groups than in the control group, with statistically significant differences in all groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study presents corneal biomechanical values (CH, CRF), CCT, IOPg, and IOPcc for diagnosed glaucoma patients, three suspected glaucoma groups, and a healthy population, using the ORA. Mean CH values were markedly lower in the DG group (diagnosed with glaucoma damage) compared to the other groups. No significant difference was found in CCT between the DG and control groups. Unexpectedly, CRF showed higher values in all groups than in the control group, but the difference was only statistically significant in the suspect groups (FHG, GLD, and OHT), not in the DG group.

Different selective dry cow therapy concepts compared to blanket antibiotic dry cow treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (06) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Wente ◽  
Jan-Hendrik Paduch ◽  
Doris Klocke ◽  
Elisabeth Mansion-de Vries ◽  
Martina Hoedemaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Test ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Right

SummaryObjective: The aim of the study was to investigate the use of somatic cell count (SCC) and aerobic bacterial counts as possible tools to choose animals for selective dry cow treatment (DCT) on cow level. Blanket antibiotic DCT is an approved and common method in Germany aimed at increasing the cure rate of existing intramammary infections (IMI) at the time of drying off and decreasing the risk of new infections during the dry period. However, not all animals benefit equally from an antibiotic DCT. Moreover, dairies, consumers and politicians demand a reduction in the use of antibiotics in farm animals. Several criteria for identifying animals which would benefit from antibiotic DCT have been described in the literature. Material and methods: Animals chosen for this investigation were divided into three study groups: Aerobic Count Petrifilm® group A (153 cows), SCC group S (160 cows) and control group C (169 cows). All quarters were treated with an internal teat sealant (ITS) no matter which group the cows belonged to. Results: Group C, in which all cows received an antibiotic DCT, achieved the best results referred to udder health, particularly regarding bacteriological dry period cure. However, the results of the two study groups A and S, in which the animals were dried off selectively, were only marginally worse. A significant difference regarding bacterial dry period cure was revealed between group S and group C (p = 0.039), whereas no significant difference concerning new IMI risk could be detected between the three study groups. Compared to a blanket antibiotic DCT of all cows in the corresponding study group, a reduction of the usage of antibiotics of 23.5 % (A) and 55 % (S) was noticed, respectively. Furthermore, it could be shown that the lactation number as well as the microorganisms present at the time of drying off influence udder health. Conclusion: Selective DCT is an alternative method to the widespread blanket antibiotic DCT. However, it has to be mentioned that selective DCT involves the described marginal decline in udder health and the additional amount of time, which might arise from the procedure of choosing the right animals and performing the applied rapid test methods.

scholarly journals Histopathological analysis of gangliosides use in peripheral nerve regeneration after axonotmesis in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Maria Beder Ribeiro ◽  
Belmiro Cavalcanti do Egito Vasconcelos ◽  
Joaquim Celestino da Silva Neto ◽  
Valdemiro Amaro da Silva Júnior ◽  
Nancy Gurgel Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Right

PURPOSE: To analyze the action of gangliosides in peripheral nerve regeneration in the sciatic nerve of the rat. METHODS: The sample was composed of 96 male Wistar rats. The animals were anaesthetized and, after identification of the anaesthesic plane, an incision was made in the posterior region of the thigh, followed by skin and muscle divulsion. The right sciatic nerve was isolated and compressed for 2 minutes. Continuous suture of the skin was performed. The animals were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (EG), which received subcutaneous injection of gangliosides, and the control group (CG), which received saline solution (0.9%) to mimic the effects of drug administration. RESULTS: No differences were observed between the experimental and control groups evaluated on the eighth day of observation. At 15 and 30 days the EG showed an decrease in Schwann cell activity and an apparent improvement in fibre organization; at 60 days, there was a slight presence of Schwann cells in the endoneural space and the fibres were organized, indicating nerve regeneration. At 15 and 30 days, the level of cell reaction in the CG had diminished, but there were many cells with cytoplasm in activity and in mitosis; at 60 days, hyperplastic Schwann cells and mitotic activity were again observed, as well as nerve regeneration, but to a lesser extent than in the EG. CONCLUSION: The administration of exogenous gangliosides seems to improve nerve regeneration.

scholarly journals Effect of Acute Increases in Intraocular Pressure on Corneal Pachymetry in Rabbit Eyes Treated with Timolol Maleate

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-321
Author(s):  
Cristina Sánchez-Barahona ◽  
Gema Bolívar ◽  
Dimitrios G. Mikropoulos ◽  
Anastasios G. Konstas ◽  
Miguel A. Teus
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Timolol Maleate

Objective: To evaluate in an in vivo rabbit model, the effect of topical timolol maleate therapy on the central corneal thickness response to acute intraocular pressure increases. Method: In this prospective and interventional controlled study, the central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure were measured in vivo in 12 rabbit eyes treated with topical timolol maleate for 1 month and in 12 controls at baseline, and after the intraocular pressure (measured by direct cannulation of the anterior chamber) was increased to 15 and 30 mmHg using a forced saline infusion into the anterior chamber. Results: There were no significant differences in the basal central corneal thickness values (control group, 373.2±12.9 µm; study group, 377.5±19.2 µm, p=0.5) or the central corneal thickness values when the intraocular pressure was increased to 15 mmHg (control group, 335.2±14.3 µm; study group, 330.0±32.1 µm, p=0.6) and to 30 mmHg (study group, 318.8±25.3 µm; control group, 329.8±21.0 µm, p=0.3). Conclusion: Rabbit corneas treated with topical timolol maleate for 1 month did not show a strain response to acute intraocular pressure increases that differed from control eyes. This is in contrast to a previous finding in which rabbit eyes treated with prostaglandin analogues had a greater decrease in central corneal thickness in response to a sudden intraocular pressure increase compared with untreated corneas.

scholarly journals Prolonged Sinus Pauses upon Termination of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Abnormal Right Atrial Electrophysiologic and Electroanatomic Findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyu Bao ◽  
Hongwu Chen ◽  
Bing Yang ◽  
Michael Shehata ◽  
Weizhu Ju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Sinus Node ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Activation Times ◽  
The Right

The efficacy of pulmonary vein antral isolation for patients with prolonged sinus pauses (PSP) on termination of atrial fibrillation has been reported. We studied the right atrial (RA) electrophysiologic and electroanatomic characteristics in such patients. Forty patients underwent electroanatomic mapping of the RA: 13 had PSP (group A), 13 had no PSP (group B), and 14 had paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (control group C). Group A had longer P-wave durations in lead II than did groups B and C (115.5 ± 15.4 vs 99.5 ± 10.9 vs 96.5 ± 10.4 ms; P=0.001), and RA activation times (106.8 ± 13.8 vs 99 ± 8.7 vs 94.5 ± 9.1 s; P=0.02). Group A's PP intervals were longer during adenosine triphosphate testing before ablation (4.6 ± 2.3 vs 1.7 ± 0.6 vs 1.5 ± 1 s; P &lt;0.001) and after ablation (4.7 ± 2.5 vs 2.2 ± 1.4 vs 1.6 ± 0.8 s; P &lt;0.001), and group A had more complex electrograms (11.4% ± 5.4% vs 9.3% ± 1.6% vs 5.8% ± 1.6%; P &lt;0.001). Compared with group C, group A had significantly longer corrected sinus node recovery times at a 400-ms pacing cycle length after ablation, larger RA volumes (100.1 ± 23.1 vs 83 ± 22.1 mL; P=0.04), and lower conduction velocities in the high posterior (0.87 ± 0.13 vs 1.02 ± 0.21 mm/ms; P=0.02) and high lateral RA (0.89 ± 0.2 vs 1.1 ± 0.35 mm/ms; P=0.04). We found that patients with PSP upon termination of atrial fibrillation have RA electrophysiologic and electroanatomic abnormalities that warrant post-ablation monitoring.

scholarly journals Keratoconus: early onset, the worst prognosis, eye rubbing and hand-dominance

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Anisur Rahman ◽  
Sharah Rahman ◽  
Jamsed Faridi ◽  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Tarzia Asma Zafrullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
K Value ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Purpose: Keratoconus is an ectatic disorder of cornea and mostly involve teen aged group, still the pathogenesis and aetiology is not clearly defined. We try to establish the progression of the diseases is inversely proportional to the age of onset of the patient. Design: It was an observational study, carried out at a private eye hospital where patient was referred for RGP contact lenses. Methods: This observational study was carried out from Jan’ 2017 to Dec’ 2019 total three year period and 304 patients with Keratoconus were in the initial study and we divided them into two groups. Group: A, ≤25 years old and Group: B, >25 years old but among these 304 patient we included 200 patients in our study those who completed minimum 3 years follow-up and meet the inclusion criteria. Results: After three years ‘K’ value in group: A, <0.0001 in group: B, <0.3655. Sim K’s Astigmatism <0.0001 in group: A. <0.0223 in group: B. Central corneal thickness <0.0001 in group: A and 0.1957 in group: B. ‘K’ value and central corneal thickness (CCT) deteriorate more in group: A, than group: B. It is also found that KC progress more in case of VKC and it is more prominent in dominant hand side. Conclusion: At diagnosis, keratoconus is often more advanced in children than in adults, with faster disease progression. Early detection and close monitoring are therefore crucial in young patients.

scholarly journals Early Macular Angiography among Patients with Glaucoma, Ocular Hypertension, and Normal Subjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Chun Chao ◽  
Shang-Jung Yang ◽  
Hung-Chi Chen ◽  
Chi-Chin Sun ◽  
Chin-Hsin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Ocular Hypertension ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Outer Retina ◽  
Flow Area

Purpose. To evaluate early macular circulation in open-angle glaucoma (OAG), normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), ocular hypertension (OHT), and healthy subjects via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Medical records were reviewed, and the patients who received OCTA examinations were divided into the OAG, NTG, OHT, and normal groups. The ophthalmic data including best-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, central foveal thickness, visual field deviation, retinal nerve fiber layers thickness, and ganglion cell complex thickness were obtained from medical documents. For the macular area, the superficial vessel density (VD), deep VD, foveal avascular zone (FAZ), flow area of the outer retina, and flow area of the choriocapillaris were measured via OCTA and analyzed using the default vascular density analysis program in the same OCTA device. Results. A total of 70 eyes from 70 patients were analyzed in the current study. Significant differences in the intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, visual field deviation, retinal fiber layer thickness, and ganglion cell complex thickness were observed in the patients in the glaucoma group at their last visits. The OAG and NTG groups evinced a lower superficial VD than did the control group, while the NTG group had a lower deep VD than the control group. The NTG group also had a larger FAZ than did the OHT group. The flow area of the outer retina in the OAG group was low relative to those of the OHT and control groups. No difference in choriocapillaris perfusion was observed among the groups. Conclusion. The OAG and NTG patients demonstrated impaired vasculature before significant disease development could be observed. Furthermore, the differences in macular circulation may be associated with differences in the courses of disease between the glaucoma and OHT patients.

Supercharging Strategies for Prefabricated Flaps in a Rat Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (08) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Xu ◽  
Zvi Steinberger ◽  
Yan Wo ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Chenghung Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence ◽  
Epigastric Artery ◽  
Group A ◽  
Intractable Problem ◽  
The Right ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging

Abstract Background Limited survival area is an intractable problem in the clinical practice of prefabricated flaps. This study compared four strategies to find an effective method and to understand the potential mechanisms for supercharging. Methods A prefabricated abdominal flap rodent model was prepared. Rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6/group). (A) Control group: prefabricated right side femoral vessels. Based on group A, various prefabricated vessels were added; (B) proximal venous supercharging group: right side superficial inferior epigastric vein (SIEV); (C) proximal arterial supercharging group: right side superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA); (D) distal venous supercharging group: left side SIEV; and (E) distal arterial supercharging group: left side SIEA. Macroscopic analysis, near-infrared fluorescence imaging, and microscopy were used to analyze the survival area, fluorescence area, and capillary density. Results No significant differences in survival areas were found among supercharging groups (B–E), which were larger than in the control group. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging showed the areas of control and venous supercharging groups (A, B, and D) were smaller than in arterial groups (C and E). Capillary density areas in the right part of the flap in proximal supercharging groups (B and C) and left part of the flap in distal supercharging groups (D and E) were all greater than group A, with no significant differences among the other groups. Conclusion Enhanced neovascularization is a useful supercharging strategy. Both arterial and venous vessel supercharging improved the survival area of prefabricated flaps.

scholarly journals TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO SPLITTING NAS TENDINITES AGUDAS EXPERIMENTAIS EM EQÜINOS

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. G. ALVES ◽  
J. L. M. NICOLETTI ◽  
A. THOMASSIAN ◽  
C. A. HUSSNI ◽  
M. J. WATANABE
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Repair Tissue ◽  
Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon ◽  
Tendon Lesion ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia do tratamento cirúrgico “splitting” em lesões tendíneas agudas induzidas experimentalmente. Para tanto, foram utilizados 8 eqüinos sadios, submetidos à aplicação de colagenase (2ml–2,5mg/ml) nos tendões flexores digitais superficiais (TFDS) dos membros torácicos e após 7 dias da aplicação, foram realizadas incisões percutâneas - splitting - no local da lesão dos membros direitos (grupo tratado), permanecendo os membros esquerdos como grupo controle. Os 8 animais foram divididos em 2 grupos de mesmo número, segundo o período da realização das biópsias (grupo 1 - 30o dia e o grupo 2 - 60o dia após indução da tendinite). A monitoração dos animais foi realizada através de exames clínicos, ultra-sonográficos, análises macroscópica e histopatológica. Ao exame clínico não foi observada diferença significativa entre o grupo tratado e o controle. Com o exame ultra-sonográfico foi constatado que no grupo tratado houve uma significativa redução da área média da lesão naqueles membros em que foram observadas lesões iniciais maiores que 30% da área tendínea. Foram observadas menor celularidade do tecido de reparação e maior fibroplastia nos tecidos tratados, indicando melhor maturação tecidual neste grupo. Através dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que o splitting utilizado em lesões com áreas maiores que 30% da área transversal tendínea reduz o tempo de cicatrização da lesão e melhora a remodelação tecidual. Tendon splitting surgical treatment on experimental equine acute tendinitis Abstract The main aim of the present research work was to study the effects of the splitting on equine experimental tendinitis. Eight horses without soundness problems were used in this experiment. The tendinitis was induced by administration of collagenase (2 ml, 2.5 mg/ml) in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) of all animals. After 7 days of the induction of tendinitis, an intralesional splitting was carried out with a tendon knife in the right forelimbs, the left forelimbs kept as control. The 8 animals were divided in two groups of 4 according to the period that the biopsies took place: group 1, at the 30th day and group 2 at the 60th day after the splitting had been performed. The splitting and healing processes were monitored by clinical and sonographic examinations during all the experiment, Gross and histopathological analysis of the forelimbs were performed in both groups of animals, at the 30th and the 60th day after the splitting, respectively. Follow-up sonographic examinations displayed the fact that lesions bigger than 30% of the tendon area showed significant decrease in the mean values of the lesion area in the split tendons, when compared with the control group at the days 15, 30 and 60 after the splitting. Split members showed marked improvement in the severity rates and percentile of residual tendon lesion at the 60 day. The cellularity of the repair tissue was significantly lower. besides the fact that there were more mature repair tissue in the split tendons at 30 and 60 days after the splitting. These results allowed to conclude that the split technique used in acute large core lesions reduce the time of wound healing and improve the scar remodeling.

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