scholarly journals Evaluation of the Association Metformin:Plantago ovataHusk in Diabetic Rabbits

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Díez-Láiz ◽  
Juan J. García-Vieitez ◽  
M. José Diez-Liébana ◽  
Matilde Sierra-Vega ◽  
Ana M. Sahagún-Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Plantago Ovata ◽  
Insulin Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Interindividual Variations ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs

In this experimental study we have investigated whether the inclusion of the dietary fiberPlantago ovatahusk could be recommended as coadjuvant in treatments with oral hypoglycemic drugs. We evaluated the use ofPlantago ovatahusk-metformin association in diabetic rabbits by determining its effects on glucose and insulin concentrations. Six groups of 6 rabbits were used. Groups 1 to 3 were fed with standard chow and groups 4 to 6 with chow supplemented withPlantago ovatahusk (3.5 mg/kg/day). Two groups (numbers 1 and 4) were used as controls (receiving standard or supplemented chow), two groups (numbers 2 and 5) received metformin orally, and the other two (numbers 3 and 6) were treated orally with metformin and psyllium. Plasma glucose concentrations were lower in groups fed with fiber-supplemented chow whereas insulin levels showed important interindividual variations. Glucose pharmacokinetics parameters showed significant differences inCmaxandtmaxin relation to fiber intake. Insulin pharmacokinetics parameters after treatment with oral metformin showed an important increase inCmax, AUC, andtmaxin animals fed with fiber. We conclude thatPlantago ovatahusk intake can contribute to the oral antihyperglycemic treatment of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Phenotyping Framework Using Expert Knowledge and Machine Learning Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Kagawa ◽  
Yoshimasa Kawazoe ◽  
Yusuke Ida ◽  
Emiko Shinohara ◽  
Katsuya Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Machine Learning Approach

Background: Phenotyping is an automated technique that can be used to distinguish patients based on electronic health records. To improve the quality of medical care and advance type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) research, the demand for T2DM phenotyping has been increasing. Some existing phenotyping algorithms are not sufficiently accurate for screening or identifying clinical research subjects. Objective: We propose a practical phenotyping framework using both expert knowledge and a machine learning approach to develop 2 phenotyping algorithms: one is for screening; the other is for identifying research subjects. Methods: We employ expert knowledge as rules to exclude obvious control patients and machine learning to increase accuracy for complicated patients. We developed phenotyping algorithms on the basis of our framework and performed binary classification to determine whether a patient has T2DM. To facilitate development of practical phenotyping algorithms, this study introduces new evaluation metrics: area under the precision-sensitivity curve (AUPS) with a high sensitivity and AUPS with a high positive predictive value. Results: The proposed phenotyping algorithms based on our framework show higher performance than baseline algorithms. Our proposed framework can be used to develop 2 types of phenotyping algorithms depending on the tuning approach: one for screening, the other for identifying research subjects. Conclusions: We develop a novel phenotyping framework that can be easily implemented on the basis of proper evaluation metrics, which are in accordance with users’ objectives. The phenotyping algorithms based on our framework are useful for extraction of T2DM patients in retrospective studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of plasma H2S levels and H2S synthesis in streptozotocin induced Type-2 diabetes-an experimental study based on Swietenia macrophylla seeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. S483-S487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moumita Dutta ◽  
Utpal Kumar Biswas ◽  
Runu Chakraborty ◽  
Piyasa Banerjee ◽  
Utpal Raychaudhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla

scholarly journals Study of Drug Prescription Pattern of Obese and Non-Obese Patients with Type-II Diabetes with or without Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Mijala Bajracharya ◽  
S Nakarmi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs

Correction: The page numbers were changed from 98-100 to 81-93 on 31/08/2020. Background: Obesity is regarded as worldwide health problems which may put a person at a higher risk of serious health conditions leading to morbidity and mortality. Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases of which hypertension and type-2 diabetes mellitus are the most important. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity together form 24% of the global risk for mortality. Cardiovascular diseases related to these life-style disorders has major effect on life expectancy and impaired quality of life. Objectives: The study was done to evaluate the drug prescribing pattern of type - 2 diabetes and hypertension in both obese and non-obese patients. Along with it, this study also attempt to find the contributing factors associated with it and different types of drugs selected in those conditions respectively. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2074 at Manmohan memorial teaching hospital. A total of 101 out-patient were interviewed, measurements were done to calculate BMI and waist to hip ratio and their prescriptions were reviewed. For Treatment Guideline of HTN, JNC 8[20] was followed and Updated Treatment Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) [21] was followed in case of diabetes. Result: Among 101 patients studied, 58 were males and 43 were females. Regarding physical activity, only 26.7% of total patients were involved in morning walk and 3% in yoga, remaining 71% of study patients did not involve in any kind of physical exercise. Regarding food habits, 22.8% were smokers, 49.5% were alcoholics and 96% were non-vegetarians. Waist to hip ratio was also observed higher in both males (35.6%) and females (39.6%). Among the101 total participants, the age group of 41-55 years were found to be more obese than other age group (34 in numbers) followed by age group 56-70 which were 16 in numbers. Male patients were more obese (41) than female patients (31). Highest number (31) of the obese patients were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, followed by second highest number (26) of patients diagnosed with hypertension and 15 patients with both the conditions. The commonly prescribed oral hypoglycemic drugs were metformin (35.60%) followed by glimepiride (24.80%). Among anti-hypertensive drugs, amlodipine (22.80%) was most common in prescriptions followed by losartan (18.80%) and Telmisartan (17.80%). Conclusion: The results of the present study show that higher number of male patients (41) were obese than female patients (31). About 30% of patients were found obese-diabetic, 26% were obese-hypertensive and 15% were with both obese diabetic and hypertensive condition. Among oral hypoglycemic drugs, metformin (35.60%) was mostly prescribed followed by glimepiride (24.80%). Among antihypertensives, amlodipine (22.8%) was mostly prescribed followed by losartan (18.80%). Atorvastatin (11.9%) was mostly prescribed oral hypolipidemic agent.

scholarly journals Association of dietary fiber intake with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fubi Jin ◽  
Jinghong Zhang ◽  
Long Shu ◽  
Wei Han
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

Abstract Background Epidemiological evidence concerning dietary fiber on newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is sparse. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary fiber intake and newly-diagnosed T2DM in a middle-aged Chinese population. Methods Using data from the Hangzhou Nutrition and Health Survey collected between June 2015 and December 2016, we investigated the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of chronic non- communicable diseases. Anthropometric measurements and samples collection for biochemical assays are conducted by the well-trained staff and nurse, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of dietary fiber intake on the risk of newly-diagnosed T2DM in crude and adjusted models. Results Among 3250 participants, 182 (5.6%) people were identified as newly-diagnosed T2DM. Pearson correlation coefficients revealed a significant inverse association of total dietary fiber with BMI, SBP, DBP, HbA1c and LDL-C in all participants, participants with and without T2DM (P < 0.05). Compared with the study participants in the first quartile (Q1, the lowest consumption)of dietary fiber intake, participants in the fourth quartile (Q4) had a lower prevalence of newly-diagnosed T2DM(OR = 0.70; 95%CI:0.49-1.00; P < 0.05), after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions In this middle-aged Chinese population, higher intake of dietary fiber was significantly associated with lower risk of newly-diagnosed T2DM. However, our findings need to be confirmed in future large-scale prospective studies.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Customized Nutrient-Profiling Approach on the Glycated Hemoglobin Levels of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Quasi-Experimental Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayda Alrige ◽  
Riad Alharbey ◽  
Samir Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Dietary Management ◽  
Nutrient Profiling ◽  
Quasi Experimental

BACKGROUND Presently, dietary management approaches are mostly oriented toward using calorie-counting and diet-tracking tools that draw our attention away from the nutritional value of our food. To improve individuals’ dietary behavior, primarily that of people with type 2 diabetes, a simple technique is needed to increase their understanding of the nutritional content of their food. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to design, develop, and evaluate a customized nutrient-profiling tool called <i>EasyNutrition</i>. <i>EasyNutrition</i> was built to introduce the new concept of nutrient profiling by applying the Intelligent Nutrition Engine, an algorithm that we developed for ranking different food recipes based on their nutritional value. This study also aimed to investigate the efficacy of <i>EasyNutrition</i> in lowering glycated hemoglobin (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) levels and improving dietary habits among people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We evaluated the utility of <i>EasyNutrition</i> using design science research in three sequential stages. This paper has elaborated on the third stage to investigate the efficacy of <i>EasyNutrition</i> in managing type 2 diabetes. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in a diabetes treatment center (n=28). The intervention group utilized <i>EasyNutrition</i> over 3 months, whereas participants in the control group utilized the standard of care provided by the center. Dietary habits and HbA<sub>1c</sub> levels were measured to capture any change before and after experimenting with <i>EasyNutrition</i>. RESULTS The intervention group (n=9) exhibited a statistically significant change between the pre- and postexposure results of their HbA<sub>1c</sub> (<i>t</i><sub>9</sub>=2.427; <i>P</i>=.04). Their HbA<sub>1c</sub> dropped from 8.13 to 6.72. This provided preliminary evidence of the efficacy of using a customized nutrient-profiling app in reducing HbA<sub>1c</sub> for people with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS This study adds to the evidence base that a nutrient-profiling strategy may be a modern adjunct to diabetes dietary management. In conjunction with reliable dietary education provided by a registered dietician, <i>EasyNutrition</i> may have some beneficial effects to improve the dietary habits of people with type 2 diabetes.

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