scholarly journals Modulation of Adipocytokines Production and Serum NEFA Level by Metformin, Glimepiride, and Sitagliptin in HFD/STZ Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed I. Saad ◽  
Maher A. Kamel ◽  
Mervat Y. Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Nefa Level

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia owing to insulin resistance and/or insulin deficiency. Current theories of T2DM pathophysiology include a decline inβ-cells function, a defect in insulin signaling pathways, and a dysregulation of secretory function of adipocytes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different antidiabetic drugs on serum levels of certain adipocytokines and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) in high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats. All treatments significantly decreased serum NEFA level. Metformin and sitagliptin increased serum adiponectin level, whereas they decreased serum leptin level. Glimepiride showed significant decline in serum levels of both adiponectin and leptin. All treatments remarkably ameliorated insulin resistance, suggested by an improvement of glycemic control, a significant reduction in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and a correction in lipid profile. Modulation of adipocytokines production (i.e., increased serum adiponectin and decreased serum leptin) may also underlie the improvement of insulin resistance and could be a possible mechanism for the beneficial cardiovascular effects of metformin and sitagliptin.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Curcumin versus Nano-Curcumin on Insulin Resistance, Serum Levels of Apelin and Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 2337-2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Shamsi-Goushki ◽  
Zinat Mortazavi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mirshekar ◽  
Mahdi Mohammadi ◽  
Nasroallah Moradi-Kor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Correlation between Blood Activin Levels and Clinical Parameters of Type 2 Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wu ◽  
Michael Wu ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Carolyn A. Allan ◽  
David J. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Model Assessment

Aims. Activins A and B, and their binding protein, follistatin, regulate glucose metabolism and inflammation. Consequently, their role in type 2 diabetes (T2D) was examined.Methods. Blood was taken from fasted participants (34 males; 58 females; 50–75 years) with diabetes or during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Clinical parameters were assessed, and blood assayed for activins, follistatin, and C-reactive protein.Results. Serum levels of activin A (93.3 ± 27.0 pg/mL, mean ± SD), B (81.8 ± 30.8 pg/mL), or follistatin (6.52 ± 3.15 ng/mL) were not different (P>0.05) between subjects with normal OGTT (n=39), impaired glucose tolerance and/or fasting glucose (n=17), or T2D (n=36). However, activin A and/or activin B were positively correlated with parameters of insulin resistance and T2D, including fasting glucose (P<0.001), fasting insulin (P=0.02), glycated hemoglobin (P=0.003), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR;P<0.001). Follistatin was positively correlated with HOMA-IR alone (P=0.01).Conclusions. These data indicate that serum measurements of activin A, B, or follistatin cannot discriminate risk for T2D in individual patients, but the activins display a positive relationship with clinical parameters of the disease.

Insulin resistance and serum levels of adipokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lupus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1078-1084
Author(s):  
Che-Yuan Kuo ◽  
Tsung-Yu Tsai ◽  
Yu-Chen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Systemic Lupus

Background We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values, serum adiponectin, leptin and resistin levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Method Online databases were searched on 31 March 2019 in order to identify studies comparing HOMA-IR, serum adiponectin, leptin and resistin levels between patients with SLE and controls. A random-effects model was adopted. Results Fifty-six studies involving a total of 4460 patients with SLE were included. Patients with SLE had significantly higher HOMA-IR values (standardized mean difference (SMD)=0.425; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.156–0.693; I2=93.8%) than the control group. The serum levels of adiponectin (SMD=0.547; 95% CI 0.219–0.874; I2=90.1%), leptin (SMD=0.843; 95% CI 0.454–1.231; I2=94.4%) and resistin (SMD=0.856; 95% CI 0.199–1.513; I2=96.6%) were all higher among patients with SLE than controls. A meta-regression analysis revealed that the serum resistin level was positively correlated with disease activity (coefficient 0.123; 95% CI 0.051–0.195; p<0.001). Conclusion Patients with SLE have higher HOMA-IR values and serum levels of adiponectin, leptin and resistin than individuals without SLE. The serum level of resistin correlates with SLE disease activity.

scholarly journals Association between Adiponectin and Insulin Resistance among Sudanese Males with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Ahamed Almakey ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Makeen ◽  
Osman Khalafalla Saeed ◽  
Khalid Abdelsamea Mohamedahmed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Background Adiponectin is associated with improved systemic insulin sensitivity and profound positive effects in adipose tissue, such as increasing mitochondrial density in adipocytes, reducing adipocyte size, and effective esterification of free fatty acids on lipid storage The factor performs forward transcriptional regulation. Diabetes and its complications are considered to be one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objectives The aim of this study was to correlate serum levels of adiponectin with insulin resistance in Sudanese males' type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology: A case-control community-based study carried out among 126 patients with T2DM as cases group (mean ages 45.2 ± 5.4 years); and 126 normal healthy individuals as controls group (mean ages 44.7 ± 5.4 years as) in Aldaraga Diabetic Center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan. About Five mL of fasting venous blood was obtained from all participants. HbA1c, FPG, FPI, serum Adiponectin, and (HOMA)-IR were analyzed. SPSS (v 20.0) was used for data analysis. Results The mean of serum adiponectin in the cases group (3.03 ± 0.90µg/ml) was lower than the control group (6.02 ± 4.24µg/ml) giving highly significant differences -between them (P = value ≤ 0.000). HbA1c and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index (HOMA-IR) differed significantly between the two groups (P-value ≤ 0.000). Serum adiponectin concentrations correlated significantly negative with HOMA IR (r = -0.149, P-value = 0.002). Conclusion We concluded that low plasma adiponectin level was predictive of future development of Insulin resistance in Sudanese males.

Comparison the effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Rheum ribes on insulin resistance and apolipoprotein AI (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and Apo B to ApoA1 ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atieh Ghafouri ◽  
Sahar Jafari Karegar ◽  
Ghazaleh Hajiluian ◽  
Sharieh Hosseini ◽  
Shahrzad Shidfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Apo B

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to determine the effect of Rheum ribes supplementation on glycemic indices and apolipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2).Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, sixty type 2 diabetic patients, aged 30-60 years with body mass index (BMI) of 20-30 kg/m 2 , and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 6-8% were included. The patients were randomly assigned to receive 450 mg of Rheum ribes aqueous extract (AG), 450 mg of Rheum ribes ethanolic extract (EG) or placebo (PG), three times daily for 6 weeks. Then glucose, the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR and HOMA-B) and apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were measured.Results: According to these findings, in the AG and EG intervention groups, we observed a significant reduction in serum levels of insulin (P=0.003 and P=0.001, respectively), HOMA-IR (P=0.01 and P=0.001, respectively) and HOMA-B (P=0.002 and P=0.001, respectively) indices, without no significant changes in glucose. There was also a significant reduction in serum levels of ApoB (P=0.006 and P=0.03, respectively) and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio (P=0.016 and P=0.04, respectively) in both AG and EG. Intervention in both AG and EG had increasing effects on ApoA1 (P=0.08 and P=0.05, respectively). None of these variables had a significant change in PG. At the end of study, there were significant differences in insulin (P=0.04), HOMA-IR (P=0.03), HOMA-B (P=0.01), ApoB (P=0.02), and ApoB/ApoA1 (P=0.03) ratio among groups.Conclusions: Rheum ribes intake may have favorable effects on insulin resistance and apolipoproteins in diabetic patients.Trial registration: The study was recorded in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials under the registration number of IRCT201410142709N31 (Registration date: 2014-12-11, https://en.irct.ir/trial/2543 ).

scholarly journals Leptin, hs-CRP and HOMA-IR in patients with type 2 diabetes: The role of different levels of vitamin D deficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Salome Sadat Salehi‍ ◽  
Soghra Rabizadeh ◽  
Sahar Karimpour Reyhan Reyhan Karimpour ◽  
Marjan Mouodi ◽  
Manouchehr Nakhjavani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Hs Crp

Background: To evaluate the effects of different levels of vitamin D deficiency on blood glucose, leptin, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), insulin resistance and their associations.Methods: We quantified serum vitamin D level, hs-CRP, leptin, and fasting  blood  sugar (FBS)  levels in 25 type-2 diabetic patients with very low serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (deficient), ≤15 ng/ml; and 25 age, sex, and body mass index (BMI)-matched  type-2 diabetic patients with low serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (insufficient), 16 to 30 ng/ml. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was  calculated  by  a  formula based  upon  values  of  FBS and insulin concentrations.Results: The mean value of vitamin D levels was 7.67±3.10 in vitamin D deficient group and 23.20±9.97 in vitamin D insufficient group. Patients with vitamin D deficiency had significantly higher FBS, postprandial glucose (PPG) and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) as compared to vitamin D insufficient group (p<0.01). We studied correlations of hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, and leptin in both vitamin D insufficient and deficient groups. There were significant positive correlations between leptin with hs-CRP (r = 0.58, p<0.01) and with HOMA-IR (r = 0.49, p<0.05) in vitamin D deficient group; Which these correlations remained significant after multiple adjustment for age, sex, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Conclusion: In conclusion vitamin D deficient diabetic patients had elevated FBS, PPG and HbA1C compared with insufficient ones. The results also could possibly point the effect of vitamin D deficiency level on leptin associations with hs-CRP and insulin resistance.Keywords: Vitamin D deficiency, type 2 diabetes, leptin, C reactive protein, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance  

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Clusterin Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Men with and without Cardiovascular Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 978-984
Author(s):  
Safa S. Fayez ◽  
Rashied. M. Rashied ◽  
Shakir F.T. Al-Alaaraji
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Myocardial Infraction

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate serum levels of clusterin (CLU) in type 2 diabetics with and without cardiovascular disease and to explore possible correlations with insulin resistance and related progression of cardiovascular disease in Iraqi men. Methods: Sixty-three T2DM patients, including forty-two with cardiovascular disease (CVD), were divided into three subgroups; twenty-one with myocardial infraction (MI), twenty-one with other CVD, and twenty-one without any cardiac complication. In addition, a group of twenty-one men served as healthy controls (HCs) for comparison purposes. The four groups were analyzed for parameters that included fasting serum glucose (FSG), lipid profile, fasting serum insulin (FSI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), cardiac Troponin-I (cTn-I),  CK-MB, and some other biochemical variables. Results: Our results showed that the serum CLU levels were higher in T2DM with MI than  the other groups of patients, while the levels were significantly elevated in the entire T2DM group as compared to the control group. Serum levels of CLU showed significantly positive correlations with cTn-I and CK-MB (r= 0.658 p < 0.01and r = 0.575, p < 0.01 , respectively), whereas the correlation with HDL-C was negative. However, the other parameters exhibited weak correlations with serum CLU levels. Conclusions: CLU participates in the event of cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance    in Iraqi males with T2DM and may be used as predictor for CVD development in T2DM patients.

scholarly journals Short-term administration of an angiotensin-receptor antagonist in patients with impaired fasting glucose improves insulin sensitivity and increases free IGF-I

2006 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne A M Zandbergen ◽  
Steven W J Lamberts ◽  
Joop A M J L Janssen ◽  
Aart H Bootsma
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Igfbp 3

Objective: Blocking the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) may reduce the risk of developing type-2 diabetes, but data are inconclusive and the mechanisms involved are unclear. RAS and RAS inhibition also influence the IGF-I system, which is important in glucose homeostasis. We investigated the effects of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist, losartan, on insulin resistance and IGF-I levels Design and methods: In this hypothesis-generating study, five individuals with impaired fasting glucose received 100 mg losartan during 8 weeks. Before and after the treatment period, insulin sensitivity was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA), as well as the 2-h continuous infusion of glucose with model assessment (CIGMA). Furthermore, serum levels of free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), lipids and HbAlc were measured. Results: After the treatment period, the HOMA score for insulin resistance had decreased from 5.3 ± 1.1 to 3.7 ± 0.9 (P = 0.004) and the 2-h CIGMA score from 23.4 ± 3.1 to 15.9 ± 2.1 (P = 0.07). The serum levels of free IGF-I had increased from 57 ± 18.8 to 134 ± 31.3 pmol/l (P = 0.04). In terms of percentage, the decrease of HOMA correlated with the increase in free IGF-I levels (Pearson’s correlation coefficient r = −0.8; P = 0.07). A trend in the same direction was observed with 2-h CIGMA. No differences were observed in lipids, total IGF-I, IGFBP-3 or HbAlc. Conclusions: Losartan raised serum levels of free IGF-I, which might contribute to the improvement of insulin resistance associated with losartan treatment. These observations, if confirmed in broader studies, will help our understanding of the pathogenesis of type-2 diabetes mellitus, as well as the role of angiotensin-receptor antagonists in its prevention.

POSTOPERATIVE COMPLIANCE OF BARIATRIC SURGERY PATIENTS REGARDING THE ASSESSMENT OF SERUM LEPTIN LEVELS AND INSULIN RESISTANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1/2019) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bariatric Patients

Background and aims: Overweight and obese patients who undergo bariatric surgery require a rigorous clinical and paraclinical assessment both before and after the surgery at 3, 6, and 12 months.The present study aims the assessment of serum leptin levels and insulin resistance status in compliant bariatric patients to scheduled medical laboratory assessment at 6 months after surgery. Material and Method: The study included 109 eligible patients selected for bariatric surgery, 48 of whom attended the scheduled visit at 6 months after the surgery. Laboratory assessing regarded the insulin resistance by determining before meal the serum levels of leptin, glucose and insulin, as well as HOMA 1 and HOMA 2 indexes. Results: Patients who underwent bariatric treatment experienced a significant decrease in insulin resistance status. A higher percentage in the preoperative group was recorded in women, feature which was also recorded in the postoperative group that attended the scheduled visit at 6 months after surgery. Age is also an important factor that significantly influences the behavioral adherence to postoperative visits. Conclusions: Insulin resistance status improved significantly in 6 months after bariatric surgery among the fully compliant patients. The percentage of attendance at scheduled visits is higher among women, and decreases with age. Keywords: obesity surgery, leptin resistance, insulin resistance, HOMA index, compliance

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