scholarly journals Comparative Study of Malaria Prevalence among Travellers in Nigeria (West Africa) Using Slide Microscopy and a Rapid Diagnosis Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
T. V. Dougnon ◽  
H. S. Bankole ◽  
Y. M. G. Hounmanou ◽  
S. Echebiri ◽  
P. Atchade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Smear ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Medical Clinic ◽  
High Likelihood ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Better Than

Malaria is a major disease in Africa and leads to various public health problems. A study was carried out at the Aviation Medical Clinic Laboratory, Murtala Mohammed Airport, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria, in 2014. The work aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria among patients attending the laboratory. Blood samples were therefore collected from 51 patients and subjected to both blood smear microscopy and a rapid immunochromatographic diagnostic test (SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag) for detection of, respectively, malaria parasites and antigens. At the end of the study, 22% of the patients were detected positive by the microscopic examination while 9.8% were tested positive when using SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag. The outcomes of the study show a high prevalence of malaria at the airport. This represents a serious risk factor leading to a high likelihood of spread and occurrence of malaria in other countries including Western countries whereby the disease is nonendemic. It also pointed out that the blood smear microscopy seems to be better than Rapid Diagnosis Test (RDT) for malaria diagnosis.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Modified Quantitative Buffy Coat and Two Rapid Tests in Comparison with Peripheral Blood Smear in Malaria Diagnosis in Mumbai, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manali M. Kocharekar ◽  
Sougat S. Sarkar ◽  
Debjani Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Smear ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Rapid Tests

In order to identify a quick and reliable technique for accurate diagnosis of malaria, study of the efficiency of the tests such as Parahit total (HRPII & aldolase Ag), Advantage mal card (parasite specific LDH), and modified QBC was done in comparison with conventional blood smear microscopy. One hundred patients infected withP. vivaxand 101 infected withP. falciparumwere included in this study. The sensitivity of Parahit total, Advantage mal card, and modified QBC forP. falciparumdetection was 70.3, 95%, and 98%, and specificity was 98%, 98%, and 96%, respectively. The sensitivity of Parahit total, Advantage mal card, and modified QBC forP. vivaxdetection was 73%, 97.0%, and 98%, respectively, and specificity of all the tests was 98%. On day 15, in falciparum arm, Advantage mal card and Parahit total showed 8 (7.92%) and 59 (58.41%) false positives. On day 15, in vivax arm, Parahit total revealed 52% false positives. The study indicated that modified QBC could be only used where appropriate facilities are available. Advantage mal card was a better follow-up tool than Parahit total.

DNA Sensors for Malaria Diagnosis

Nano LIFE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 1541003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Smedegaard Hede ◽  
Søren Fjelstrup ◽  
Birgitta Ruth Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Dna Sensors ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Current Review

In the field of malaria diagnosis much effort is put into the development of faster and easier alternatives to the gold standard, blood smear microscopy. Nucleic acid amplification based techniques pose some of the most promising upcoming diagnostic tools due to their potential for high sensitivity, robustness and user-friendliness. In the current review, we will discuss some of the different DNA-based sensor systems under development for the diagnosis of malaria.

scholarly journals Accuracy of SD Malaria Ag P.f/Pan® As A Rapid Diagnosis Test of Malaria in French Amazonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
jean marc pujo ◽  
Sarah Lemmonier ◽  
Stéphanie Houcke ◽  
Alexis Frémery ◽  
Denis Blanchet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Remote Healthcare ◽  
Overseas Territories

Abstract BackgroundFrench Guiana (FG) is, with Mayotte island, one of the two French overseas territories where malaria is still endemic. Ten years ago, French health authorities implemented a strategy to eradicate malaria disease in the region. The current incidence rate is 0,74‰ inhabitants, and Plasmodium Vivax is widely predominating even though Plasmodium Falciparum is still present due to imported cases, mainly from the Africa continent. In FG, RDT (SD Malaria Ag P.f/Pan®) test is based on detection of pan-pLDH, PfHRP2, and PfHRP3 antigens. While, in South America, the share of deletion of PfHRP2 gene is significantly increasing. So, we wondered if RDTs remained reliable in this context.MethodsOur study is a retrospective analysis conducted over four years and analyzed 12880 rapid diagnosis tests (RDTs) whose result was compared with Blood Film Tests (BFTs) sampled for malaria diagnosis.ResultsThe global assessment of the diagnosis accuracy of RDT in the diagnosis of malaria shows PPV (Positive Predictive Value) and NPV (Negative Predictive Value) more than 95%, except for PPV of RDT in the diagnosis of malaria to P falciparum (88%). Overall, the concordance rate between RDT and BFT (positive/positive; negative/negative) was 99.5%. The PPV of the RDT in the follow-up of patients diagnosed with P falciparum was the lowest during the 28 first days after diagnosis. The PPV of the RDT in the follow-up of patients diagnosed with P vivax was the lowest during the 21 first days after diagnosis. The global sensitivity of SD Malaria Ag P.f/Pan® test was, on average, 96% (88.2 – 1) for P falciparum and 93% (90.6 – 94.2) for P vivax. The global specificity was high, with a rate of 99.8% (99.5 – 1) for all species included.ConclusionSD Malaria Ag P.f/Pan® is still a reliable rapid test used for the first-line diagnosis in remote healthcare centers. The test reading should be nuanced by the recent medical history of patients and the date of arrival in FG. RDT result has always to be confirmed by BFT that is still the gold standard for the malaria diagnosis. FG is still a PfHRP2 gene deletion-free area.

scholarly journals Validation of a point-of-care rapid diagnostic test for hepatitis C for use in resource-limited settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
James S Leathers ◽  
Maria Belen Pisano ◽  
Viviana Re ◽  
Gertine van Oord ◽  
Amir Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Hcv Screening ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals has enabled the discussion of HCV eradication worldwide. Envisioning this aim requires implementation of mass screening in resource-limited areas, usually constrained by testing costs. Methods We validated a low-cost, rapid diagnosis test (RDT) for HCV in three different continents in 141 individuals. Results The HCV RDT showed 100% specificity and sensitivity across different samples regardless of genotype or viral load (in samples with such information, 90%). Conclusions The HCV test validated in this study can allow for HCV screening in areas of need when properly used.

scholarly journals Cross-Study of Malaria Prevalence in History, Bed Net Utilization, and Knowledge about the Disease among Tanzanian College Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Yakobo Nyahoga ◽  
Zanda Bochkaeva
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Bed Net ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Two Factors

University campuses are potential reservoirs of infectious diseases, but they are not in the research focus. It is obvious that the use of malaria preventive tools is extremely necessary in campus conditions in endemic countries. This study is the first malaria survey, conducted in a student campus in Tanzania. This cross-sectional study uncovered a surprisingly high prevalence of malaria history among students: 89,4% of 246 random respondents assume that they had malaria in history, among whom 145 (58,9%) suffered from the disease during the last year. And although students are relatively confident about the vector, parasite, and prevention measures of the disease, only 44,7% of the students use bed nets and 4,5% use a body spray or ointment daily. The others seldom use spray or ointment or do not care about the problem at all. This situation was found to be associated with two factors, financial and educational. Current results show that students are relatively educated on malaria, but they do not follow the malaria prevention guidance. It has become clear that at least proper informational propaganda of bed net use is required in Tanzanian university campuses.

scholarly journals Accuracy of malaria rapid diagnosis test Optimal-IT® in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hypolite Mavoko Muhindo ◽  
Gillon Ilombe ◽  
Ruth Meya ◽  
Patrick M Mitashi ◽  
Albert Kutekemeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test

scholarly journals Comparison of Rapid Diagnosis Test and Nested PCR for HIV Diagnosis in Kinshasa

OALib ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Berry Ikolango Bongenya ◽  
Ben Ilunga Bulanda ◽  
Erick Ntambwe Kamangu
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test

scholarly journals Diagnosing Malaria Patients with Plasmodium falciparum and vivax Using Deep Learning for Thick Smear Images

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1994
Author(s):  
Yasmin M. Kassim ◽  
Feng Yang ◽  
Hang Yu ◽  
Richard J. Maude ◽  
Stefan Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Patient Level ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Thick Smear ◽  
New Framework

We propose a new framework, PlasmodiumVF-Net, to analyze thick smear microscopy images for a malaria diagnosis on both image and patient-level. Our framework detects whether a patient is infected, and in case of a malarial infection, reports whether the patient is infected by Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax. PlasmodiumVF-Net first detects candidates for Plasmodium parasites using a Mask Regional-Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN), filters out false positives using a ResNet50 classifier, and then follows a new approach to recognize parasite species based on a score obtained from the number of detected patches and their aggregated probabilities for all of the patient images. Reporting a patient-level decision is highly challenging, and therefore reported less often in the literature, due to the small size of detected parasites, the similarity to staining artifacts, the similarity of species in different development stages, and illumination or color variations on patient-level. We use a manually annotated dataset consisting of 350 patients, with about 6000 images, which we make publicly available together with this manuscript. Our framework achieves an overall accuracy above 90% on image and patient-level.

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