scholarly journals Neonatal Death and National Income in Developing Countries: Will Economic Growth Reduce Deaths in the First Month of Life?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sarah Neal ◽  
Jane Falkingham
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Child ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Trend Data ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between national income and child mortality has been understood for many years. However, what is less well known is whether the association differs for neonatal mortality compared to postneonatal and early childhood deaths. Our study extends knowledge by analysing the relationship between gross national income (GNI) and neonatal, postneonatal, and early child mortality. The study draws on mortality estimates from Demographic and Household Surveys and World Bank data for GNI. It uses multivariate multiple regression analysis to examine the relationship between GNI and neonatal, postneonatal, and early child mortality rates (NMR, PNMR, and ECMR) using cross-sectional data from 65 countries and trend data from 49 countries. No significant relationship can be found between NMR and GNI for cross-sectional data once adjusted for region. The trend data confirms that increases over time in GNI are associated with lower reductions in NMR than other component rates. Thus, economic growth alone may have a weaker effect on reducing neonatal deaths than for older age groups; achieving improvements in neonatal mortality requires investment in maternal and new born health services alongside growth.

Association between Social Media Use for Health Purpose and Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Yun Lee ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Cho Rong Won ◽  
Jiyoung Lee ◽  
Jeongwon Baik
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health Purpose

BACKGROUND The use of social media or social networking sites (SNS) is increasing across all age groups, and one of the primary motives of using SNS is to seek health-related information. Although previous research examining the effect of SNS use on depression exist, studies regarding the effect of SNS use for health purpose on depression is limited. OBJECTIVE Our study aims to explore the relationship between SNS use for health purpose and depression across the four age groups (18-34 years old, 35-49 years old, 50-64 years old, and above 65 years old). METHODS A sample of 6,789 adults aged 18 and older was extracted from a 2017 and 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Univariate and bivariate analyses to examine the association between each variable and four age groups were conducted. Multiple linear regression analyses to predict depression level among participants with use of SNS for health purpose were conducted. RESULTS SNS use for health purpose and depression were positively associated for three age groups but not for those 65 years or older (=0.13, P<0.05; =0.08, P<0.05; =0.09, P<0.05). Income and self-reported health status indicated an inverse relationship for all age groups. The relationship with marital status differed based on age group with 18 and 34 years old showing an inverse relationship (=-0.13, P<0.01) while 65 years or older showing a positive relationship (=0.06, P<0.05). Gender was positively associated among those in the 35-49 years old (=0.09, P<0.05) and 65 years or older (=0.07, P<0.05). Being Non-Hispanic White was positively associated with depression among 50-64 years old (=0.07, P<0.001) and 65 years or older (=0.08, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Age-tailored education on determining accurate and reliable information shared via SNS is needed to reduce depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Trends in the prevalence of anaemia in Japanese adult women, 1989–2003

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumi Hayashi ◽  
Nobuo Yoshiike ◽  
Katsushi Yoshita ◽  
Kazuo Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Japanese Adult ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Trend Data ◽  
National Trends

AbstractObjectiveThere is an increasing concern of anaemia in Japanese women, but no national trend data has existed to date. We analysed long-term national trends of anaemia in adult women.DesignSecondary analyses of 15 consecutive cross-sectional nationwide surveys conducted during the period 1989–2003. Analyses were based on 5-year intervals (1989–1993, 1994–1998, 1999–2003).SettingJapan.SubjectsThe subjects included the National Health and Nutrition Survey of Japan (NHNS-J) population. Analyses were based on 50 967 non-pregnant/non-lactating women aged 20 years and over, with complete data sets. We stratified subjects into six age groups (20–29 years, 30–39 years, 40–49 years, 50–59 years, 60–69 years and 70+ years), and three age groups (20–49 years, 50–69 years, 70+ years) for analyses on residential areas (metropolitan, cities and towns).ResultsDecreases in trends of mean haemoglobin values (intravenous) were significant in all age groups. Changes in the prevalence of anaemia were significant only in women aged 30–39 and 40–49 years. Anaemia (haemoglobin < 12.0 g dl−1) increased from 16.8% to 20.6% in women aged 30–39 years, and from 20.2% to 26.9% in women aged 40–49 years, respectively. Prevalence was highest in women aged 70 years and older in all times, but no significant change was observed.ConclusionsHaemoglobin values have declined significantly in all ages in the last 15 years. Anaemia was especially significant in women aged 30–39 years and 40–49 years. Our findings suggest that a large number of young women in Japan are at risk of anaemia, so continuous monitoring and controlling efforts of this trend are needed.

scholarly journals Influence of Tourism on Economic Development in Asian Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Wen-Chuan FU ◽  
◽  
Chia-Jui PENG ◽  
Tzu-Yi YANG ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rate Fluctuation ◽  
National Economic ◽  
International Entry ◽  
The Relationship

Although the tourism industry has recorded the lowest pollution, it significantly contributes to the global economy. Therefore, many countries have spent great efforts in promoting their tourism industry to support their entire economic development. This article considers factors related to the relationship between national economic growth and international entry tourism for 11 Asian countries to investigate the existence of the cross-sectional difference between these countries. Results show that exchange rate fluctuation is an alternative factor affecting economic growth risk, and common slope exists between countries. Moreover, international entry tourist headcount and income show differential slope in some countries, implying that these factors affect the economies of different Asian countries differently.

Socioeconomic and gender inequalities in neonatal, postneonatal and child mortality in India: a repeated cross-sectional study, 2005–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 660-667
Author(s):  
Omar Karlsson ◽  
Rockli Kim ◽  
William Joe ◽  
S V Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Difference

BackgroundIn India, excess female under-5 mortality is well documented. Under-5 mortality is also known to be patterned by socioeconomic factors. This study examines sex differentials and sex-specific wealth gradients in neonatal, postneonatal and child mortality in India.MethodsRepeated cross-sectional study of nationally representative samples of 298 955 children 0–60 months old from the National Family Health Surveys conducted in 2005–2006 and 2015–2016. The study used logistic regression models as well as Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsOverall, boys had greater neonatal mortality than girls and the difference increased between 2005–2006 and 2015–2016. Girls had greater postneonatal and child mortality, but the difference decreased between the surveys and was not statistically significant for child mortality in 2015–2016. A negative wealth gradient was found for all mortality outcomes. Neonatal mortality was persistently greater for boys. Girls had higher child mortality than boys at low levels of wealth and greater postneonatal mortality over much of the wealth distribution. The wealth gradient in neonatal mortality increased between surveys. Females had a stronger wealth gradient than boys for child mortality.ConclusionNot distinguishing between neonatal, postneonatal and child mortality masks important gender-specific and wealth-specific disparities in under-5 mortality in India. Substantial gains towards the Sustainable Development Goals can be made by combating neonatal mortality, especially at low levels of wealth. Although impressive improvements have been made in reducing the female disadvantage in postneonatal and child mortality, concerted engagements are necessary to eliminate the gender gap—especially in poor households and in north India.

scholarly journals Reporting Skill: The Missing Ingredient in Concussion Reporting Intention Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dee Warmath ◽  
Andrew P. Winterstein
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reporting Intentions

Background: Extant literature suggests that a substantial portion of athletes may not report a possible concussion and that concussion knowledge is insufficient to predict concussion reporting behavior. One area that has not been explored is reporting skill; that is, mastery of the actions required to report a concussion. This study evaluated the relationship between reporting skill and reporting intention, introducing a measure of the reporting skill construct. Hypotheses: Reporting intentions will be more closely associated with reporting skill than with concussion/symptom knowledge. The relationship between concussion (or symptom) knowledge and reporting intentions will differ by level of reporting skill. Study Design: Repeated cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: A set of items was administered to young adults aged 18 to 24 years from the Survey Sampling International panel. Exploratory/confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on 2 waves of data to develop the scale (n = 899). Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling on the responses from the third wave of participants (n = 406). Results: Knowing the actions to take in reporting was more important than having knowledge of concussions or concussion symptoms. Reporting skill, not concussion or concussion symptom knowledge, was associated with higher intentions to report symptoms. Among those with higher levels of reporting skill, concussion symptom knowledge (but not general concussion knowledge) was associated with higher intentions to report symptoms. Conclusion: Reporting skill is an important and, until now, missing ingredient in the concussion literature and practice. Clinical Relevance: Incorporating reporting skill development in concussion education and team activities to teach athletes how to report is likely to improve actual reporting intentions. While further study is needed with particular sports and additional age groups, reporting skill holds promise as a new avenue for increased concussion reporting.

scholarly journals Comparing regional neonatal mortality rates: the influence of registration of births as live born for birth weight <500 g in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000526
Author(s):  
Liang-Yi Wang ◽  
Yu-Shan Chang ◽  
Fu-Wen Liang ◽  
Yung-Chieh Lin ◽  
Yuh-Jyh Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

ObjectiveTo investigate regional variation in the registration of births (still+live) as live born for birth weight <500 g and the impact on the city/county ranking of neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Taiwan.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional ecological study.Setting20 cities/counties in Taiwan.ParticipantsRegistered births for birth weight <500 g and neonatal deaths in 2015–2016.Main outcome measuresCity/county percentage of births <500 g registered as live born and ranking of city/county NMR (deaths per 1000 live births) including and excluding live births <500 g.ResultsThe percentage of births <500 g registered as live born ranged from 0% in Keelung City (0/26) and Penghu County (0/4) to 20% in Taipei City (112/558), 24% in Hsinchu County (5/21) and 28% in Hualien County (9/32). The change in city/county ranking of NMR from including to excluding live births <500 g was most prominent in Taipei City (from the 15th to the 1st) followed by Kaohsiung City (from the 18th to the 14th).ConclusionsThe city/county NMR in Taiwan is influenced by variation in the registration of live born for births with uncertain viability. We recommend presenting city/county NMR using both criteria (with or without minimum threshold of gestation period or birth weight) for better interpretation of the findings of comparisons of city/county NMR.

scholarly journals Can Reducing Income Inequality Decouple Economic Growth from CO2 Emissions?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237802311877271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Alexander McGee ◽  
Patrick Trent Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
National Income ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socioeconomic Drivers ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distribution Of Income

In the past two decades, income inequality has steadily increased in most developed nations. During this same period, the growth rate of CO2 emissions has declined in many developed nations, cumulating to a recent period of decoupling between economic growth and CO2 emissions. The aim of the present study is to advance research on socioeconomic drivers of CO2 emissions by assessing how the distribution of income affects the relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions. The authors find that from 1985 to 2011, rising income inequality leads to a tighter coupling between economic growth and CO2 emissions in developed nations. Additionally, the authors find that increases in the top 20 percent of income earners’ share of national income have resulted in a larger association between economic growth and CO2 emissions, while increases in the bottom 20 percent of income earners’ share of national income reduced the association between economic growth and CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals The study of the prevalence of articular syndrome and pathology of the musculoskeletal system through a telephone questionnaire survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-521
Author(s):  
D G Krechikova ◽  
Sh F Erdes ◽  
V A Milyagin
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Telephone Questionnaire ◽  
Linear Nature

Aim. To establish the prevalence of complaints of joint swelling and arthralgia among the population of Smolensk city, to assess their correlation with the presence of rheumatic diseases. Methods. A cross-sectional telephone questionnaire survey of residents of six therapeutic districts of two municipal polyclinics of Smolensk city was conducted. Interviewed were 2737 people (64.8% females and 35.2% males). The average age of respondents was 49.1±17.6 years. Results. Swelling of the joints at the time of the survey was revealed in 665 (24.3%) of respondents, in the majority of which (583 people, 21.3%) the symptoms persisted for more than the last 12 months. Pain in the knee joints was observed in 1141 (41.7%) residents, including arthralgia lasting more than a year - in 1012 (37.0%) people. The relationship between both of the symptoms and the gender (the predominance of women) and age (an increasing linear nature of the frequency of complaints in males and non-linear with a peak in the group of 70-80-year-olds - in females) was revealed. It was established that only 41.3% of respondents with joints swelling and 30.9% with arthralgia had a previously established diagnosis of rheumatic disease. Conclusion. The study results suggest that there is high prevalence of rheumatic complaints among residents of Smolensk city with a predominance of articular disease in women and individuals of older age groups; revealed was the fact of low awareness of the population of the existing rheumatic disease.

scholarly journals Determinan Kematian Neonatal di RSUD Sultan Imanudin Pangkalan Bun

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Riyanti Riyanti ◽  
Legawati Legawati
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Efforts to reduce neonatal mortality are done through various efforts in every healthcare setting. Neonatal deaths are caused by various factors, either directly or indirectly. This study aims to determine the cause of neonatal death. The approach used in this research is analytic observational and Cross-Sectional design. The population in this study is all neonatal deaths in RSUD Sultan Imanudin Pangkalan Bun. The sample of research is 103 people. Univariate analyzes were performed with frequency distribution, for bivariate analysis of factors Age of mother, education, occupation, parity, place of birth, the status of the referral, birth attendant and cause of death using chi-square (x2). The results showed that neonatal mortality occurred in the early neonate group 82 people (79.6%). Bivariate analysis showed that parity and cause factor (p = 0,001) showed significant influence on neonatal mortality. Conclusions of the study resulted in parity and direct or indirect causes of neonatal death.

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