scholarly journals Prevalence of Anti-Neu5Gc Antibodies in Patients with Hypothyroidism

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phaedra Eleftheriou ◽  
Stavros Kynigopoulos ◽  
Alexandra Giovou ◽  
Alexandra Mazmanidi ◽  
John Yovos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Antibody Concentration ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Autoimmune Hypothyroidism ◽  
Hashimoto’S Disease ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hashimoto's Disease

Background. N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is a sialic acid synthesized by animals, but not by humans or birds. However, it can be incorporated in human cells and can trigger immune response. In the present study, we detected anti-Neu5Gc antibodies in samples of the general population and of patients suffering from hypothyroidism/Hashimoto’s disease, which is known to have autoimmune origin.Methods. Antibodies were measured using enzyme-immunosorbent techniques.Results. Serum anti-Neu5Gc IgG antibodies were higher in patients with hypothyroidism (mean: 14.8±15.9 μg/mL, median: 10.0 μg/mL,P=0.0003, Mann-Whitney) and even higher in the group with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (mean: 31.1±16.3 μg/mL, median: 27.2 μg/mL,P=0.0000, Mann-Whitney) compared to the general population (mean: 5.3±4.7 μg/mL, median : 4 μg/mL). All anti-TPO positive samples had anti-Neu5Gc antibody concentration higher than the mean value of the general population while anti-TPO concentration was increased as anti-Neu5Gc concentration increased. Low concentrations of IgA and IgM antibodies were measured in both general population and patient groups.Conclusion. The increased values of anti-Neu5Gc antibodies in patients with hypothyroidism/Hashimoto’s disease and the correlation of anti-TPO incidence with increased anti-Neu5Gc concentration raise the possibility of an association between anti-Neu5Gc antibody development and autoimmune hypothyroidism.

Transfer of aflatoxins from naturally contaminated feed to milk of Nili-Ravi buffaloes fed a mycotoxin binder

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Aslam ◽  
I. Rodrigues ◽  
D. M. McGill ◽  
H. M. Warriach ◽  
A. Cowling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Daily Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Carry Over

The objectives of this study were to observe the extent of transfer of aflatoxin B1 in feed to the aflatoxin M1 metabolite in milk in Nili-Ravi buffaloes and to evaluate the efficacy of a commercial mycotoxin binder (Mycofix, Biomin Singapore) incorporated into feed to minimise this transfer. Multiparous animals (n = 28) were randomly distributed to four groups corresponding to two treatments each with two levels of aflatoxin B1. Individual animals were exposed to naturally contaminated feed providing a total of 1475 µg/day (Groups A and B) or 2950 µg/day (Groups C and D) of aflatoxin B1. Groups B and D were given 50 g of mycotoxin binder daily mixed with feed whereas Groups A and C were kept as controls. Feed samples were analysed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography for aflatoxin B1 and milk samples were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the liver metabolite aflatoxin M1. The mean value of total daily aflatoxin M1 excretion for animals fed 2950 µg/day of aflatoxin B1 (112.6 µg/day) was almost double (P < 0.001) than the excretion in buffaloes fed 1475 µg/day (62.2 µg/day). The mean daily concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk of animals from both treatment groups supplemented with 50 g/day of mycotoxin binder was 76.5 µg/day, nearly 22 µg lower than those without binder at 98.3 µg/day (s.e.d. = 5.99: P < 0.01). The interaction of binder and treatment was not significant i.e. the 50 g/day of binder was able to sequester aflatoxin B1 with the same efficiency in groups fed with high and low concentrations of aflatoxin B1. Carry over was (3.44%) lower (P = 0.001) in animals supplemented with 50 g/day of mycotoxin binder than those fed no binder (4.60%). Thus buffaloes are highly efficient at transferring aflatoxins in feed to the aflatoxin M1 metabolite in milk, whereas mycotoxin binder is capable of alleviating without preventing this contamination risk.

Predictors of fear of flying

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 163-163
Author(s):  
M. Latas ◽  
M. Pantic ◽  
V. Starcevic
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Fear Of Flying ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parenthood Status

BackgroundIt seems that flying phobia is relatively common in general population. Studies show the lifetime prevalence rates of flying phobia in general population ranging from 2.5 to 2.9%AimTo ascertain in a sample of an urban general population.MethodThe subjects in this study were participants from non-clinical, urban general population in Belgrade, Serbia. The sample consisted of 216 participants who were assessed in 2010. The assessment of the participants was done by the following instruments: Socio-demographic and flight history questionnaire and The Visual Analogue Flight Anxiety Scale.ResultsOn the Visual Analogue Flight Anxiety Scale participants mostly rated their intensity of flight anxiety on the low level. The mean value was 1.24 (SD = 1.42) and almost 2/5 of participants reported that they do not have any flight anxiety. But, 60.6% of sample reported that they have some level of flight anxiety. The statistically significant predictors of the flight anxiety were female gender and older age of the first flight. The other of socio-demographic (Age, Marrital status, Parenthood status, Education level, Employment) and flight history (History of flying, Age of first flight, Flying in the last 10 years and Traumatic experiences) variables did not emerge as possible predictors of the flight anxiety.

PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS IN THE RAT UTERUS: VARIATIONS IN CYTOSOL AND NUCLEI DURING THE OESTROUS CYCLE AND PREGNANCY

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. VU HAI ◽  
F. LOGEAT ◽  
E. MILGROM
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Small Peak ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

SUMMARY The concentration of progesterone receptors in rat uterine cytosol and nuclei was measured during the oestrous cycle and pregnancy. The method used allowed the measurement of the total concentration of binding sites (unbound and hormone-bound). During the oestrous cycle, the concentration of receptors in the cytosol peaked at pro-oestrus, low concentrations were observed at oestrus and metoestrus, and an increase was seen at dioestrus. In the nuclei, maximum concentrations occurred at pro-oestrus and dioestrus. The number of receptors in the cytosol was very low during the first half of pregnancy, but the concentration increased progressively after day 15 to attain a very high level (about 26 000 binding sites/cell) on day 22. In the nuclei, the concentration of receptors was low at the beginning of pregnancy. On day 5 (day of implantation) there was a slight increase, which corresponded to a decrease in the number of cytosolic receptors and a small peak in the level of progesterone in the plasma. Maximum concentrations were attained during a 'plateau' period between days 9 and 15. Thereafter, there was a decrease in the concentration of nuclear receptors and on day 22, the mean value was very low; in some animals, probably on the verge of parturition, no receptors were detectable in the nuclei.

scholarly journals Role of CMV & Interferon-? in Myocardial Infarction, Angina and Hypertension

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-345
Author(s):  
Mehvash Haider ◽  
Meher Rizvi ◽  
Abida Malik ◽  
Md Azam ◽  
M U Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
The Mean

Aims: There is limited epidemiologic evidence relating CMV specifically to primary coronary atherosclerosis. Its association with atherosclerosis and restenosis appears to have merit and needs to be studied further. Cardiovascular disease being an inflammatory process leads to detectable rise in inflammatory markers like Interferon-?. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CMV and Interferon-? in cardiovascular disease. Methods: Study was conducted on 63 randomly selected cardiovascular disease patients and 29 healthy controls. ELISA for detection of IgG antibodies against CMV were detected (Calbiotech Diagnostics, USA). Interferon-? levels were determined by ELISA (Diaclone, USA). Relevant investigations, clinical history & examination were recorded. Results: Of 63 cases 41 (65.08%) were positive for IgG antibodies against CMV and 8 (27.58%) of 29 controls were IgG positive (p<0.001). Among CMV seropositives 19 (46.34%) were MI patients, 13 (31.70%) were hypertensives and 9 (21.95%) were angina patients. The mean value of Interferon-? for cases was 32.13pg/ml, the mean of controls was 11.32pg/ml (p<0.0001). Among CMV IgG seropositives the mean value of Interferon-? in hypertensives was 12.76pg/ml, in angina patients was 32.48pg/ml and in MI patients was 67.10pg/ml. Conclusion: In our study CMV seropositivity was significantly associated with CVD cases. CMV seropositivity increased with severity of disease. Mean value of Interferon-? was higher among cases reflecting role of inflammatory aetiology in CVD. Mean value of Interferon-? increased with severity of disease infection clearly indicating the role of inflammatory markers along with CMV in cardiovascular disease.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(4) 2015 p.339-345

scholarly journals The Impact of Differences between Patient and General Population EQ-5D-3L Values on the Mean Tariff Scores of Different Patient Groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew H.R. Little ◽  
Peter Reitmeir ◽  
Annette Peters ◽  
Reiner Leidl
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Incidence of Hashimoto Thyroiditis Among Libyans: A Retrospective Epidemiological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000251
Author(s):  
Ahmed Atia ◽  
Rihan Alathream ◽  
Abdulwahab Al-Deib
Keyword(s):  
Population Data ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hashimoto’S Disease ◽  
Protein Binding Assay ◽  
Hashimoto's Disease ◽  
Roche Diagnostics

Background and aims. Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body produces antibodies that attack the thyroid gland, leading to chronic inflammation, destruction of the gland, and hypothyroidism. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology of this disease among Libyan patients. Methods. A cross-sectional retrospective study conducted from June 2012 to April 2020 in order to examine the anti TPO level among Libyan population. Data was collected from eastern and western part of Libya, and were analyzed from available sample for 244 apparently patients with thyroid disorders collected from different private clinic’s laboratories. The analysis for serum anti-TPO was done by electrochemiluminescence protein binding assay (ECLIA) using Roche diagnostics and Cobas e411 analyzer. Results. The current results showed that females predominate the study, and most of them were in the age group of (>40) years old. About 49.18% of these cases were suffering from Hashimoto's disease (High ATPO level). The mean value of anti-TPO status among females was (0.5±2) nmol/L, while among males it was (0.45±3) nmol/L. Significantly, more women (81.66%) had Anti- TPO Above (34 IU/ml), compared to (18.33%) of male participants. Conclusion. Hashimoto disease is common among patients with thyroid dysfunction especially females. Our findings suggest that different interventional strategies are needed to reduce the chances of developing Hashimoto’s and its associated negative health outcomes in Libya.

scholarly journals The statistical estimation of molecular weights from normal and difference ultracentrifuge boundaries

1972 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. McCallum ◽  
S. P. Spragg
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Data ◽  
Statistical Estimation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sedimentation Velocity ◽  
Infinite Time ◽  
True Error ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Estimated Error

1. To determine molecular weights from boundary data taken from a sedimentation velocity experiment in an ultracentrifuge, the parameter s/D must be estimated. This can be obtained by using non-linear statistical methods to fit a mathematical model [the Fujita & MacCosham (1959) equation] to the results. 2. The statistical method chosen was the simplex method of Nelder & Mead (1965), which was found to be ideal for this problem. Internal errors were calculated at the end of the search for the minimum in the residuals, but in general these errors were found to not represent the overall true error of the experiment. 3. Calculations of molecular weights of myoglobin showed that instabilities at low concentrations of protein (less than 0.8mg/ml) disturbed the calculation of s/D. If 1% (w/v) sucrose was included in the solvent, these instabilities were decreased, and extrapolating to infinite time the linear function of s versus 1/(time) gave an acceptable value for s with an error of ±4.8%. The estimates of the molecular weights were less well-defined and the mean value was low by 8%, with an estimated error of the mean of ±3%. The conclusion was that vibration was responsible for the instabilities without sucrose. 4. The Fujita–MacCosham equation can be extended to make it possible to estimate ratios of sedimentation and molecular weights for difference boundaries. Tests using two solutions of orosomucoid in which a 2% decrease in velocity of one boundary was achieved by adding a calculated quantity of sucrose showed that the analysis gave realistic values for the two ratios, and the error for the ratio of sedimentation coefficients was ±10%. The error was larger for the estimated ratio of the molecular weights, but the analysis gave the expected value for the ratio.

Long-period modulated superstructures in Pd-12.5 at.%Ce and Pd-15 at.%Ce alloys

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
Noriyuki Kuwano ◽  
Masaru Itakura ◽  
Kensuke Oki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Ultra High Purity ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Atomic Scattering ◽  
The Mean

Pd-Ce alloys exhibit various anomalies in physical properties due to mixed valences of Ce, and the anomalies are thought to be strongly related with the crystal structures. Since Pd and Ce are both heavy elements, relative magnitudes of (fcc-fpd) are so small compared with <f> that superlattice reflections, even if any, sometimes cannot be detected in conventional x-ray powder patterns, where fee and fpd are atomic scattering factors of Ce and Pd, and <f> the mean value in the crystal. However, superlattices in Pd-Ce alloys can be analyzed by electron microscopy, thanks to the high detectability of electron diffraction. In this work, we investigated modulated superstructures in alloys with 12.5 and 15.0 at.%Ce.Ingots of Pd-Ce alloys were prepared in an arc furnace under atmosphere of ultra high purity argon. The disc specimens cut out from the ingots were heat-treated in vacuum and electrothinned to electron transparency by a jet method.

Partition Coefficient Ratios and Tumour Perfusion Studied with 85mKr and 133Xe

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
M. Mäntylä ◽  
J. Perkkiö ◽  
J. Heikkonen
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Perfusion Rate ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
The Mean

The relative partition coefficients of krypton and xenon, and the regional blood flow in 27 superficial malignant tumour nodules in 22 patients with diagnosed tumours were measured using the 85mKr- and 133Xe-clearance method. In order to minimize the effect of biological variables on the measurements the radionuclides were injected simultaneously into the tumour. The distribution of the radiotracers was assumed to be in equilibrium at the beginning of the experiment. The blood perfusion was calculated by fitting a two-exponential function to the measuring points. The mean value of the perfusion rate calculated from the xenon results was 13 ± 10 ml/(100 g-min) [range 3 to 38 ml/(100 g-min)] and from the krypton results 19 ± 11 ml/(100 g-min) [range 5 to 45 ml/(100 g-min)]. These values were obtained, if the partition coefficients are equal to one. The equations obtained by using compartmental analysis were used for the calculation of the relative partition coefficient of krypton and xenon. The partition coefficient of krypton was found to be slightly smaller than that of xenon, which may be due to its smaller molecular weight.

Detection of Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complexes in Blood by Means of Protamine Sulphate Test

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 044-049 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Lipiński ◽  
K Worowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Coronary Thrombosis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Protamine Sulphate ◽  
Soluble Fibrin ◽  
Fibrin Monomer ◽  
Dog Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Precipitable Protein

SummaryIn the present paper described is a simple test for detecting soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) in blood. The test consists in mixing 1% protamine sulphate with diluted oxalated plasma or serum and reading the optical density at 6190 Å. In experiments with dog plasma, enriched with soluble fibrin complexes, it was shown that OD read in PS test is proportional to the amount of fibrin recovered from the precipitate. It was found that SFMC level in plasma increases in rabbits infused intravenously with thrombin and decreases after injection of plasmin with streptokinase. In both cases PS precipitable protein in serum is elevated indicating enhanced fibrinolysis. In healthy human subjects the mean value of OD readings in plasma and sera were found to be 0.30 and 0.11, while in patients with coronary thrombosis they are 0.64 and 0.05 respectively. The origin of SFMC in circulation under physiological and pathological conditions is discussed.

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