scholarly journals Experimental Design of Photo-Fenton Reactions for the Treatment of Car Wash Wastewater Effluents by Response Surface Methodological Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha A. Tony ◽  
Zeinab Bedri
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Car Wash ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Car Wash Wastewater ◽  
Fenton's Process

Establishing a treatment process for practical and economic disposal of car wash wastewater has become an urgent environmental concern. Photo-Fenton’s process as one of the advanced oxidation processes is a potentially useful oxidation process in treating such wastewater. Lab-scale experiments with UV source, coupled with Fenton’s reagent, showed that hydrocarbon oil is degradable through such a process. The feasibility of photo-Fenton’s process to treat wastewater from a car wash is investigated in the present study. A factorial design based on the response surface methodology was applied to optimize the photo-Fenton oxidation process conditions using chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction as the target parameter to optimize. The reagent (Fe2+ and H2O2 concentration) and pH are used as the controlling factors to be optimized. Maximal COD reduction (91.7%) was achieved when wastewater samples were treated at pH 3.5 in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and iron in amounts of 403.9 and 48.4 mg/L, respectively.

scholarly journals Characterization of Car Wash Wastewater from Manually dispersed, Snow and Auto Car Wash Stations

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.23) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahrul Shafendy Bin Ibrahim ◽  
Nor Haslina Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Sulphate Chloride ◽  
Car Wash ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
Car Wash Wastewater

Although commonly perceived lightly in the eye of public, car wash wastewater should be taken more seriously as they have the tendency to be harmful and toxic not only towards the environment, but also humans. In this study, car wash wastewater samples were taken from three stations in Johor with different cleaning methods; manually-dispersed car wash (MCW), snow car wash (SCW) and auto car wash (ACW). At each station, samples were taken during the initial rinsing (IR), and final rinsing (FR) of the vehicles. The samples taken were analyzed for its pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), oil and grease (O&G), total suspended solids (TSS), anions (anionic surfactant, nitrate, sulphate, chloride, fluoride, orthophosphate) and heavy metals (iron, zinc, magnesium, chromium, manganese, copper, lead, silver). The results obtained shows that there appears to be no specific pattern to differentiate between the IR and FR samples due to the different washing methods, chemicals and equipment used. The level of contamination of the car wash wastewater was SCW>MCW>ACW. Overall, the result shows that some of the samples did not pass the standard discharge limit; pH, COD, BOD, O&G, TSS, AS and Fe. This shows that car wash wastewater produced in the cleaning activities should be given more concern and need to be treated before being released to the water body.  

scholarly journals Optimization of Fenton's Process for the Treatment of Cotton Textile Wastewater using Response Surface Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Parashuram Mulgund ◽  
P.B. Kalburgi ◽  
P.G. Rakaraddi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Cotton Textile ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Fenton's Process

Degradation of cotton textile wastewater using Fenton’s process was investigated. The effect of individual and interactive operating parameters on the response was analyzed using central composite design (CCD), a commonly used form of response surface methodology (RSM). The operating parameters selected were pH, dosage of hydrogen peroxide, dosage of iron and the responses (dependent parameters) were chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour. The model derived correlation coefficients R2 and R2 adj for COD were 0.982 and 0.966, respectively and the values were almost similar for colour also. The optimum values for various operating parameters namely pH, H2O2 and Fe2+ dosage were found to be 3.33, 60.57 and 1.56 mM, respectively for electrolysis time of 60 min. By performing the experiments with these values of operating parameters, the COD and colour removal efficiencies were found to be 83.5% and 98.1%, respectively.

Efficiency of the Coagulation-Flocculation Method for the Treatment of Dye Mixtures Containing Disperse and Reactive Dye

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Wen Wong ◽  
Tjoon Tow Teng ◽  
Nik Abdul Rahman Nik Norulaini
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract The coagulation-flocculation method was used to treat aqueous solutions containing varying ratios of commercial disperse and reactive dyes. The effectiveness of this method was assessed using such coagulants as alum, polyaluminium chloride (PACl) and MgCl2, and an anionic coagulant aid. The jar test method was used to measure the effects of pH and coagulant type and dosage on colour removal and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction. The effect of coagulant aid on floc settling time was also measured. The results showed that the coagulant dosage needed to achieve optimum colour removal and COD reduction increased as the percentage of reactive dye in the mixture increased. Alum and PACl performed effectively in a lower pH range (pH 3.8 to 5.2), whereas MgCl2 performed effectively in a higher pH range (pH 10.4 to 10.9). PACl was more effective than MgCl2 and alum, achieving >99% colour removal and 96.3% COD reduction using a smaller quantity of the coagulant. The addition of coagulant aid improved floc settling time. These results show that PACl is more effective than MgCl2 and alum in removing both colour and COD in the treatment of the industrial textile wastewater samples.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Metode Advance Oxidation Process (AOP) Fenton pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruka Yulia ◽  
Hesti Meilina ◽  
Adisalamun Adisalamun ◽  
Darmadi Darmadi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Advance Oxidation Process

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan proses Fenton dalam menurunkan kadar chemical oxygen demand (COD) dan kadar total suspended solid (TSS) dari limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit (PKS) dan menentukan kondisi optimum dari parameter yang digunakan dengan Response Surface Methodology menurut Box- Behnken design. Sampel diambil pada keluaran pertama kolam anaerobik ketiga dari instalasi pengolahan limbah cair kelapa sawit yang mengandung nilai COD berkisar antara 8.000 hingga 12.000 ppm. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pengujian pada berbagai pH, konsentrasi FeSO4.7H2O dan konsentrasi hidrogen peroksida. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan proses AOP dengan metode Fenton dapat menurunkan konsentrasi COD dan TSS masing-masing adalah 70,7704% dan 88,3897% pada konsentrasi FeSO4.7H2O 3703,52 ppm, konsentrasi H2O2 5586,43 ppm, dan pH 3.

Optimizing of heavy metals removal from car wash wastewater by chitosan-ceramic beads using response surface methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Farhan Tajuddin ◽  
Adel Al-Gheethi ◽  
Radin Mohamed ◽  
Efaq Noman ◽  
Balkis A. Talip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Car Wash ◽  
Car Wash Wastewater

Oxidation of Phenol by Persulfate Activated with UV-Light and Ag+

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1806-1809
Author(s):  
De Dong Sun ◽  
Huan Zheng ◽  
Wen Ping Xue
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Mercury Vapor ◽  
Cod Reduction

Phenol degradation with a UV/Ag+/K2S2O8 advanced oxidation process (AOP) was studied in a batch photolytic reactor. The UV irradiation source was a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that was axially centered and was immersed in the phenol solution. In the UV/ K2S2O8 and Ag+/K2S2O8 system, the degradation of phenol was inefficient with an low concentration K2S2O8 at ambient temperature, and only around 26% and 23%of the phenol was degraded in 3 h , respectively. In the UV/Ag+/K2S2O8 oxidation process, persulfate (S2O82-) was activated by UV irradiation and Ag+ catalysis to produce powerful oxidants, SO4– •.The effects of K2S2O8 concentration, UV irradiation time and Ag+ concentration on the oxidation had been investigated. The experimental results indicated that optimum K2S2O8 concentration was 0.37mmol/L, and Ag+ concentration was 0.185 mmol/L. Phenol and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction was analyzed to determine the efficiency of the UV/Ag+/K2S2O8 process in mineralization, where we obtained 77% phenol reduction, and 65% COD reduction, respectively . The efficient mineralization of phenol is based on the in situ formation of the strong oxidant sulfate anion radical.

scholarly journals Influence of ultrasound on the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of acetic acid

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 2793-2801
Author(s):  
Aydın Cihanoğlu ◽  
Gönül Gündüz ◽  
Meral Dükkancı
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Hybrid Process ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Ultrasonic Bath

Abstract The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of ultrasound on the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of acetic acid, which is one of the most resistant carboxylic acids to oxidation. For this purpose, firstly, the degradation of acetic acid was examined by using ultrasound alone and the effects of different parameters such as: type of sonication system, ultrasonic power, and addition of H2O2 were investigated on the degradation of acetic acid. There was no chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction in the presence of sonication alone. In the presence of the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation process alone, at 303 K, COD reduction reached only 7.1% after 2 h of reaction. However, the combination of the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation process with ultrasound increased the COD reduction from 7.1% to 25.5% after 2 h of reaction in an ultrasonic bath operated at 40 kHz, while the COD reduction only increased from 7.1% to 8.9% in the ultrasonic reactor operated at 850 kHz. This result indicates that the hybrid process of ultrasound and heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation is a promising process to degrade acetic acid.

Decolorization and biodegradability of dyeing wastewater treated by a TiO2-sensitized photo-oxidation process

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Li X. ◽  
Zhang M.
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dyeing Wastewater ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Dyeing Effluent ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Biological Treatment Process

Colour substances in dyeing effluents normally cause certain difficulties in traditional biological treatment processes due to their nonbiodegradable nature. It is necessary to remove colour from dyeing effluents with the help of some physical or chemical treatment processes. This study aims to investigate the colour removal from dyeing wastewater using a TiO2-sensitized photo-oxidation process and the biodegradability of the products formed in the wastewater. Synthetic dyeing wastewater samples were exposed to near UV radiation at a wavelength of 350 nm in the presence of TiO2 and aeration. The results show that most dyes used in the experiment can be degraded by the sensitized photo-oxidation successfully. Colour removal from the wastewater was above 95% after 4-6 hours treatment. It was found that there was a relationship between the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). While COD and TOC in the wastewater were decreased during the reaction, BOD was found to be increased, which implies that the TiO2-sensitized photo-oxidation can enhance the biodegradability of the dyeing wastewater. As a process, it might be an effective method to remove colour and to further remove COD after treating dyeing effluent by a conventional biological treatment process.

scholarly journals Optimization Of Microbial Consortium (AB-101) Performance In Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment Via Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9242-9252
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Microbial Consortium ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Biological treatment of POME has been well known for its efficiency to degrade the organic pollutants prior to discharge into the water stream. Yet, biological treatment on its own was allegedly inadequate to comply with the standard imposed by the Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia for the final discharge of POME. In this study, a bio activator consists of microbial consortium AB101 is analyzed towards its effectiveness in enhancing or boosting the biological treatment of raw POME. The optimum volume ratio of microbial consortium AB101 and nutrition (molasses) in the bio-activator prepared as well as dosing of the bio-activator into the POME were determined by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) via Design-Expert software (version 7.1.5). The study has been carried out to determine the optimum value of those three independent variables; i) volume percentage of AB101; ii) volume percentage of molasses; and iii) dosage of bio-activator. The optimum value of each factor is corresponding to the value of response; the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) reduction percentage of treated POME. The highest COD reduction recorded (91.25%) was recorded at the values of factors as follows; volume percentage of AB101 (0.1%), the volume percentage of molasses (9.96%), and dosage of bio-activator (33.6 ppm).

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