scholarly journals Long-Term Assessment of an Innovative Mangrove Rehabilitation Project: Case Study on Carey Island, Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Motamedi ◽  
Roslan Hashim ◽  
Rozainah Zakaria ◽  
Ki-Il Song ◽  
Bakrin Sofawi
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Mangrove Seedlings ◽  
Salinity Index ◽  
Mangrove Rehabilitation

Wave energy and storm surges threaten coastal ecology and nearshore infrastructures. Although coastal structures are conventionally constructed to dampen the wave energy, they introduce tremendous damage to the ecology of the coast. To minimize environmental impact, ecofriendly coastal protection schemes should be introduced. In this paper, we discuss an example of an innovative mangrove rehabilitation attempt to restore the endangered mangroves on Carey Island, Malaysia. A submerged detached breakwater system was constructed to dampen the energy of wave and trap the sediments behind the structure. Further, a large number of mangrove seedlings were planted using different techniques. Further, we assess the possibility of success for a future mangrove rehabilitation project at the site in the context of sedimentology, bathymetry, and hydrogeochemistry. The assessment showed an increase in the amount of silt and clay, and the seabed was noticeably elevated. The nutrient concentration, the pH value, and the salinity index demonstrate that the site is conducive in establishing mangrove seedlings. As a result, we conclude that the site is now ready for attempts to rehabilitate the lost mangrove forest.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF WAVE LOAD ON THE LONG-TERM VEGETATION DEVELOPMENT AND THEIR RESISTANCE AS GRASS REVETMENTS ON SEA DIKES

2018 ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Jochen Michalzik ◽  
Sven Liebisch ◽  
Torsten Schlurmann
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Wave Load ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Wave Basin ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Sea Dikes

Construction and design processes of revetments, sea dikes and estuarine dikes along the German coastline adhere the paradigm to protect and safeguard reliably the coastal hinterland from wave attack and storm surges. Following these standards coastal protection structures provide only poor ecosystem services in any proper design or maintenance approach. As a result, the EcoDike-project has been started with the aim to quantify and enhance the ecosystem services of revetments, sea dikes and estuarine dikes while preserving or possibly even enhancing the existing safety standards. Therefore, a profound understanding of the complex long-term interactions between wave load and vegetation development on sea dikes is inevitable. To achieve these objectives a typical seadike in prototype scale is tested under realistic and long-term wave loading in the new outdoor wave basin at the Ludwig-Franzius-Institute in Hannover (Germany).

scholarly journals Managing Coastal Sand Drift in the Anthropocene: A Case Study of the Manawatū-Whanganui Dune Field, New Zealand, 1800s–2020s

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Ruwan Sampath ◽  
James Beattie ◽  
Joana Gaspar de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
First Century ◽  
Dune Field ◽  
Holistic Management ◽  
Sand Drift

In the Anthropocene, dunes act as a natural defence from sea-level rise and storm surges while providing ‘ecosystem’ services. This article uses scientific and historical data to examine the Manawatū-Whanganui dune field in New Zealand from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century. Dunes that were destabilised due to European settlements and their activities were drifting inland causing social, economic and political problems. Attempts to prevent dune mobility occurred at the time in many parts of the world. Thus, knowledge was shared between countries through experts and migrants. The consequences of the implemented solutions and new environmental conditions mean that dunes are still a major issue in the region. A comparative analysis of historical and present-day dune management practices provides a better understanding of long-term dune drift. In conclusion, interdisciplinary analyses of long-term relations between dunes and society must be taken into account for their holistic management.

scholarly journals IMPLICATIONS OF CORAL REEF MINING PITS ON 2D HYDRODYNAMICS

2020 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Sebastiaan Klaver ◽  
Kees Nederhoff ◽  
Alessio Giardino
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Reef Flat ◽  
Wave Interaction ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Wave Runup ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
The Impact

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are among the most vulnerable areas to the impact of natural hazards and climate change. Flooding due to storm surges and extreme waves, coastal erosion, and salinization of freshwater lenses are already a serious threat and could lead to irreversible consequences in the coming decades. On the other hand, reef flat mining is one of the most common practices to source the required material for the implementation of coastal protection measures on SIDS. There are strong concerns about this practice, because partial removal of the protective reef could increase wave impacts on the islands. However, the available data and knowledge on the effects of these mining pits are currently very limited. Klaver et al. (2019) studied the effects that pits may have on nearshore hydrodynamics and wave runup. Results obtained via numerical modeling indicate that excavation pits cause a decrease in infragravity wave energy around the fundamental mode of the reef, which is partly caused by reduced wave transmission. Similarly, changes in sea and swell (SS) wave energy are attributed to reduced transmission, as well as a decrease in wave dissipation and (triad) wave-wave interaction. Earlier studies by Ford et al. (2013) and Yao et al. (2016) point out that mining pits may lead to additional two-dimensional effects. In this presentation, we present the potential 2D effects of reef flat excavation pits on nearshore hydrodynamics. More specifically, we aim to assess the impact of excavation pits on nearshore circulation patterns, which could be an indicator of coastal morphological changes.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/85-IMM66eWE

scholarly journals Coastal Lowlands' Inundation Risk Assessment with High-resolution TanDEM-X DEM in Qingdao Coastal Plains, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 621-627
Author(s):  
Peng Li ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Zhenhong Li ◽  
Houjie Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events

Abstract. Global warming plays a principal role on the continuous increasing sea-level rise, which exposes coastal regions worldwide to flooding threat. However, the challenge is that the regional impact of SLR flooding can be variable, especially when considering multiple effects of land subsidence, long-term general sea-level rise and extreme weather conditions like storm surge. In this paper, we build module with high-resolution InSAR-derived precision DEMs with resolution of 4 m, long-term SLR trend and episodic signals of climate change to calculate the relative sea level in AD 2100 on various scenarios over the Jiaozhou Bay, one typical region of the biggest peninsula in China and an important economic centre adjoining to the Yellow Sea. The potential of TanDEM-X DEM for coastal vulnerability mapping in the Qingdao coastal area were evaluated in order to investigate the effect of the accuracy and resolution of coastal topography on the reliability and usefulness of elevation-based sea-level rise assessments. The results reveal that coastal lowland areas over the JiaozhouBay are extremely vulnerable in the following years within 21st century with use of high-accuracy TanDEM-X DEM data, which would be an advantage for further elevation-based dynamic assessments of coastal inundation events considering storm surges, abnormal high tides, and extreme precipitation events. which would be vital for locally coastal protection and decision-making.

Caregivers' Perceptions of Speech-Language Pathologist Talk About Child Language and Literacy Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2049-2067
Author(s):  
Karmen L. Porter ◽  
Janna B. Oetting ◽  
Loretta Pecchioni
Keyword(s):  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Therapy Goals ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Types Of Information

Purpose This study examined caregiver perceptions of their child's language and literacy disorder as influenced by communications with their speech-language pathologist. Method The participants were 12 caregivers of 10 school-aged children with language and literacy disorders. Employing qualitative methods, a collective case study approach was utilized in which the caregiver(s) of each child represented one case. The data came from semistructured interviews, codes emerged directly from the caregivers' responses during the interviews, and multiple coding passes using ATLAS.ti software were made until themes were evident. These themes were then further validated by conducting clinical file reviews and follow-up interviews with the caregivers. Results Caregivers' comments focused on the types of information received or not received, as well as the clarity of the information. This included information regarding their child's diagnosis, the long-term consequences of their child's disorder, and the connection between language and reading. Although caregivers were adept at describing their child's difficulties and therapy goals/objectives, their comments indicated that they struggled to understand their child's disorder in a way that was meaningful to them and their child. Conclusions The findings showed the value caregivers place on receiving clear and timely diagnostic information, as well as the complexity associated with caregivers' understanding of language and literacy disorders. The findings are discussed in terms of changes that could be made in clinical practice to better support children with language and literacy disorders and their families.

Comparative Labelling and Biokinetic Studies of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc-DTPA(Sn)

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Agha ◽  
R. B. R. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Reduction Step ◽  
Labelling Yield ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Kinetics Of

SummaryGelchromatography column scanning has been used to study the fractions of 99mTc-pertechnetate, 99mTcchelate and reduced hydrolyzed 99mTc in preparations of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). The labelling yield of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) chelate was as high as 90—95% when 100 μmol EDTA · H4 and 0.5 (Amol SnCl2 was incubated with 10 ml 99mTceluate for 30—60 min at room temperature. The study of the influence of the pH-value on the fraction of 99mTc-EDTA shows that pH 2.8—2.9 gave the best labelling yield. In a comparative study of the labelling kinetics of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc- DTPA(Sn) at different temperatures (7, 22 and 37°C), no significant influence on the reduction step was found. The rate constant for complex formation, however, increased more rapidly with increased temperature for 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). At room temperature only a few minutes was required to achieve a high labelling yield with 99mTc-DTPA(Sn) whereas about 60 min was required for 99mTc-EDTA(Sn). Comparative biokinetic studies in rabbits showed that the maximum activity in kidneys is achieved after 12 min with 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) but already after 6 min with 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). The long-term disappearance of 99mTc-DTPA(Sn) from the kidneys is about five times faster than that for 99mTc-EDTA(Sn).

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