scholarly journals The Fabrication and Application of a PDMS Micro Through-Holes Mask in Electrochemical Micromanufacturing

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 943092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Chen ◽  
Ningsong Qu ◽  
Hansong Li ◽  
Di Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Method ◽  
Pillar Array ◽  
Pdms Mask

The electrochemical micromanufacturing process, as a key micromanufacturing technology, plays an important role in diverse industries. In this paper, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is employed as a mask in the electrochemical micromanufacture of microstructures because of its chemical resistance, low cost, flexibility, and high molding capability. A new method for fabricating a PDMS micro through-holes mask is proposed. In this method, a thin resist film is employed to enhance the adhesion between the substrate and the SU-8 pillar array which is used as a mold. A vacuum-aided process is used to inject the PDMS gel into the SU-8 mold and the PDMS micro through-holes mask can be peeled off from the SU-8 mold when the gel is cured. Experiments were conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed approach and PDMS microholes of various shapes were obtained. The PDMS mask can then be successfully applied in the electrochemical micromanufacturing process to generate microstructures and microdimple and embossment arrays have been successfully demonstrated. Furthermore, the PDMS mask can be reused, as it is not damaged during the manufacturing process.

scholarly journals Clustering-Based Component Fraction Estimation in Solid–Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Dredging Engineering

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5697
Author(s):  
Chang Sun ◽  
Shihong Yue ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Huaxiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
New Method ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Reference Distribution ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Solid Liquid

Component fraction (CF) is one of the most important parameters in multiple-phase flow. Due to the complexity of the solid–liquid two-phase flow, the CF estimation remains unsolved both in scientific research and industrial application for a long time. Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is an advanced type of conductivity detection technique due to its low-cost, fast-response, non-invasive, and non-radiation characteristics. However, when the existing ERT method is used to measure the CF value in solid–liquid two-phase flow in dredging engineering, there are at least three problems: (1) the dependence of reference distribution whose CF value is zero; (2) the size of the detected objects may be too small to be found by ERT; and (3) there is no efficient way to estimate the effect of artifacts in ERT. In this paper, we proposed a method based on the clustering technique, where a fast-fuzzy clustering algorithm is used to partition the ERT image to three clusters that respond to liquid, solid phases, and their mixtures and artifacts, respectively. The clustering algorithm does not need any reference distribution in the CF estimation. In the case of small solid objects or artifacts, the CF value remains effectively computed by prior information. To validate the new method, a group of typical CF estimations in dredging engineering were implemented. Results show that the new method can effectively overcome the limitations of the existing method, and can provide a practical and more accurate way for CF estimation.

Production of Metal Matrix Composite Using a Bottom Tapping Stir Casting Furnace

2015 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanathan Arunachalam ◽  
Majid Al-Maharbi ◽  
Yahya Al Kiyumi ◽  
Elyas Aal-Thani ◽  
Mohammed Al Mafraji
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Reinforcement Material ◽  
Low Cost Manufacturing

Metal matrix composites (MMC's) have attracted the attention of researchers for quite some time. In the last 15 years, many studies have been reported in this field of MMC production through various routes. The most commonly used process for producing MMC is stir casting process whereby the reinforcement material is incorporated into the molten metal by stirring. It is a relatively low cost manufacturing process that is capable of producing high quality MMC. However, the process is associated with issues such as attaining uniform distribution of particles, wettability between particles and porosity in the MMCs. Because of these challenges, there has been continuous improvement in the process as well as the design of the furnace. In this research, an innovatively designed bottom tapping furnace has been used to produce the MMCs and the produced sample is characterized.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of SCADA System for Sugar Production Line

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Noor N. N. Abdulsattar ◽  
Faiz F. Mustafa ◽  
Suha M. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Production Line ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Selector Switch ◽  
Scada System ◽  
Plc Programming

SCADA is the technology that allows the operator to gather data from one or more various facilities and to send control instructions to those facilities.  This paper represents an adaptable and low cost SCADA system for a particular sugar manufacturing process, by using Programmable Logic Controls (Siemens s7-1200, 1214Dc/ Dc/ Rly). The system will control and monitor the laboratory production line chose from sugar industry. The project comprises of two sections the first one is the hardware section that has been designed, and built using components suitable for making it for laboratory purposes, and the second section was the software as the PLC programming, designing the HMI, creating alarms and trending system. The system will have two HMI screens according to the two operating states of system (Automatic and Manual), the operator can choose between them by a selector switch, this method helps the operators when fixing a failure and wanting to check it without operating all the process. The result has accomplished the goals of controlling, the parameters (temperature, flow, humidity) were monitored, failure was detected by an alarm.

scholarly journals 319 Development of low cost manufacturing process for Titanium matrix composite blade

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000.8 (0) ◽  
pp. 125-126
Author(s):  
Takeshi YAMADA ◽  
Takayuki TSUZUKU ◽  
Masashi HIROTA ◽  
Yukio KAWACHI ◽  
Shinichi YAMAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Titanium Matrix ◽  
Titanium Matrix Composite ◽  
Composite Blade ◽  
Low Cost Manufacturing

Advances in preparation, modification, and application of polypropylene membrane

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul F. Himma ◽  
Sofiatun Anisah ◽  
Nicholaus Prasetya ◽  
I Gede Wenten
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Polypropylene Membrane ◽  
Membrane Fabrication ◽  
Potential Applications

Abstract Polypropylene (PP) is one of the most used polymers for microporous membrane fabrication due to its good thermal stability, chemical resistance, mechanical strength, and low cost. There have been numerous studies reporting the developments and applications of PP membranes. However, PP membrane with high performance is still a challenge. Thus, this article presents a comprehensive overview of the advances in the preparation, modification and application of PP membrane. The preparation methods of PP membrane are firstly reviewed, followed by the modification approaches of PP membrane. The modifications includes hydrophilic and superhydrophobic modification so that the PP membranes become more suitable to be applied either in aqueous applications or in non-aqueous ones. The fouling resistant of hydrophilized PP membrane and the wetting resistant of superhydrophobized PP membrane are then reviewed. Finally, special attention is given to the various potential applications and industrial outlook of the PP membranes.

A simple and low-cost method for leaf area measurement of detached leaves

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Korva ◽  
G. A. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
New Method ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Highly Correlated

A technique for leaf area measurement utilizing water spray as an inexpensive substitute for electronic equipment was developed and tested with leaves of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The leaf areas measured by the spray method were highly correlated with those measured by an electronic area meter. Measurements of leaf area obtained by the spray method were significantly more highly correlated with those obtained by the area meter than were the measurements of dry weights. The main advantages of the new method are precision, accuracy and immediate results at a low cost.

Internet Advertising Strategies

2012 ◽  
pp. 140-158
Keyword(s):  
Online Advertising ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
New Method ◽  
Internet Advertising ◽  
Behavioral Reaction ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
Advertising Strategies ◽  
Fast Access

Advertising is a broad concept; in this book, the authors have presented a precise look at its practical domains. Modern advertising has become low-cost with fast access to target users, transferring a persuasive concept to customers and getting a positive behavioral reaction. The last part of their definition is indicative of a new method of advertising, which goes a step further than other methods. A positive reaction embedded in an advertising function comes from advertisers’ use of new communicational practices to transfer and receive messages. The emergence and application of new technology necessitates using the appropriate tools. In this chapter, the authors first define these new tools (strategies). Then, they discuss the differences between online and traditional advertising strategies, and offer an integrated model of Internet advertising strategies. Finally, the authors introduce different kinds of appropriate Internet advertising strategies. The purpose of this chapter is to focus on online advertising strategies and provide a fundamental understanding of their relationship to marketing practices. They examine why firms must use online advertising strategies and give some examples of how online advertising strategies can help companies make sound marketing decisions.

Security Enhancement of Remote FPGA Devices By a Low Cost Embedded Network Processor

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Qutaiba Ali ◽  
Sahar Lazim
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Network Processor ◽  
New Method ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Security Enhancement ◽  
Embedded Network

The incredible growth of FPGA capabilities in recent years and the new included features have made them more and more attractive for numerous embedded systems. There is however an important shortcoming concerning security of data and design. Data security implies the protection of the FPGA application in the sense that the data inside the circuit and the data transferred to/from the peripheral circuits during the communication are protected. This paper suggests a new method to support the security of any FPGA platform using network processor technology. Low cost IP2022 UBICOM network processor was used as a security shield in front of any FPGA device. It was supplied with the necessary security methods such as AES ciphering engine, SHA-1, HMAC and an embedded firewall to provide confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, and packets filtering features.

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