scholarly journals Renal Overexpression of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1αas Adaptive Response to a High Salt Diet

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Lorena Della Penna ◽  
Gabriel Cao ◽  
Andrea Carranza ◽  
Elsa Zotta ◽  
Susana Gorzalczany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Sodium Overload ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

In the kidney, a high salt intake favors oxidative stress and hypoxia and causes the development of fibrosis. Both atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α) exert cytoprotective effects. We tested the hypothesis that renal expression of ANP and HIF-1αis involved in a mechanism responding to the oxidative stress produced in the kidneys of rats chronically fed a high sodium diet. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a normal salt (0.4% NaCl) (NS) or a high salt (8% NaCl) (HS) diet for 3 weeks, with or without the administration of tempol (T), an inhibitor of oxidative stress, in the drinking water. We measured the mean arterial pressure (MAP), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and urinary sodium excretion (UVNa). We evaluated the expression of ANP, HIF-1α, and transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) in renal tissues by western blot and immunohistochemistry. The animals fed a high salt diet showed increased MAP andUVNalevels and enhanced renal immunostaining of ANP, HIF-1α, and TGF-β1. The administration of tempol together with the sodium overload increased the natriuresis further and prevented the elevation of blood pressure and the increased expression of ANP, TGF-β1, and HIF-1αcompared to their control. These findings suggest that HIF-1αand ANP, synthesized by the kidney, are involved in an adaptive mechanism in response to a sodium overload to prevent or attenuate the deleterious effects of the oxidative stress and the hypoxia on the development of fibrosis.Erratum to “Renal Overexpression of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α as Adaptive Response to a High Salt Diet”

Effect of saline infusion on kidney and collecting duct function in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) gene "knockout" mice

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Honrath ◽  
C K Chong ◽  
L G Melo ◽  
Harald Sonnenberg
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is thought to play a role in renal regulation of salt balance by reducing tubular reabsorption of sodium and chloride. Therefore, in the chronic absence of this hormone, a defect of salt excretion should be evident. We used an ANP gene deletion model to test this premise. F2 homozygous mutant mice (-/-) and their wild-type littermates (+/+) were fed an 8% NaCl diet prior to an acute infusion of isotonic saline. Arterial blood pressures, renal excretions of salt and water, as well as collecting duct transport of fluid and electrolytes were measured. Pressures were significantly higher in -/- compared with +/+ mice (139 ± 4 vs. 101 ± 2 mmHg; 1 mmHg = 133.3 Pa). There was no difference in glomerular filtration rate (-/- = 0.84 ± 0.06; +/+ = 0.81 ± 0.04 mL·min-1·g-1 kidney weight). In the collecting duct, sodium and chloride reabsorptions were significantly higher in the -/- group than in the +/+ group. As a result, natriuresis and chloruresis were relatively reduced (UNaV: -/- = 8.6 ± 1.1; +/+ = 14.0 ± 1.1; UClV: -/- = 10.1 ± 1.4; +/+ = 16.0 ± 1.1 µmol·min-1·g-1 kidney weight). We conclude that the absence of endogenous ANP activity in mice on a high-salt diet subjected to acute saline infusion causes inappropriately high reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the medullary collecting duct, resulting in a relative defect in renal excretory capacity for salt.Key words: high-salt diet; water, sodium, chloride, and potassium transport.

scholarly journals Atrial natriuretic peptide and aldosterone secretions, and atrial natriuretic peptide-binding sites in kidneys and adrenal glands of pregnant and fetal rats in late gestation in response to a high-salt diet

2000 ◽  
pp. 524-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Deloof ◽  
C De Seze ◽  
V Montel ◽  
A Chatelain
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Fetal Rats

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at determining, in the term pregnant rat, whether maternal and fetal plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations were modified in response to an oral sodium load, and to investigate whether any changes in plasma concentrations were able to modify the density and affinity of the different ANP-binding site subtypes in maternal and fetal kidneys and adrenal glands. METHODS: Pregnant rats kept in metabolic cages were divided into two groups. The normal sodium diet group had free access to rat chow and tap water whereas the high sodium diet group received 1% NaCl as drinking water for 10 consecutive days from day 11 to day 21 of gestation with free access to standard rat chow. Pregnant rats from both groups were killed by decapitation on day 21 of gestation. The plasma ANP and aldosterone concentrations were determined by RIA. The density and affinity of ANP receptors were determined in the maternal and fetal adrenal glands and kidneys. RESULTS: In the pregnant rats on the high-salt diet, the sodium and water intakes, as well as the urine volume and sodium excretion, were significantly higher than in the control group. After 10 days of high-salt intake, water and sodium retentions were not significantly different in the two groups, indicating that the pregnant rats were able to excrete excess salt. The high sodium intake did not change the body weight of the pregnant rats but did increase the body weight of the fetal rats. Maternal and fetal hematocrits remained unchanged in both groups, the high sodium intake did not modify plasma sodium concentration in the maternal rats but increased that of the fetuses, indicating an accumulation of sodium in the fetal rats. The dietary sodium intake did not change the plasma ANP concentrations but significantly decreased the plasma aldosterone concentrations in both the maternal and fetal rats. In response to the high-salt diet, the density and affinity of total ANP, ANPb and ANPc receptors were not altered in the maternal isolated renal glomeruli or the adrenal zona glomerulosa membranes or the fetal adrenal gland and kidney membrane preparations. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that ANP is not involved in the regulation of water and electrolyte balance in maternal and fetal rats during salt-loaded intake.

Effect of dietary sodium chloride and posture on plasma immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations in man

1987 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Solomon ◽  
J. C. Atherton ◽  
H. Bobinski ◽  
R. Green
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Dietary Sodium Chloride ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. The effect of changes of dietary sodium chloride intake and posture on plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration and renal function was studied in 11 normal human volunteers. 2. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration was higher in the upright posture on a high than it was on a medium or low salt diet. On the medium and high but not on the low salt diet the concentration increased significantly on adoption of the supine posture. 3. Creatinine, sodium, lithium and fractional lithium clearances, fractional distal sodium excretion and total distal water and sodium reabsorption, which were estimated by the lithium clearance technique, were significantly higher on the high than on the low salt diet. The medium salt intake gave intermediate values. 4. Heart rate while upright was significantly higher on the low than on either the medium or the high salt diets. Systolic blood pressure was unaffected by salt intake. Diastolic blood pressure in the supine position was significantly higher on the low than on the medium or high salt diets. 5. Both plasma noradrenaline concentrations and plasma renin activity were significantly higher on the low than on the high salt diet. Values on the medium salt intake were intermediate. Plasma concentrations of both hormones were higher in the upright than in the supine posture on all three salt intakes. 6. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that atrial natriuretic peptide contributes to the cardiovascular and renal adjustments to changes in dietary sodium chloride, and the possible role of the peptide is discussed.

High-salt diet enhances hippocampal oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Zi Liu ◽  
Ji-Kuai Chen ◽  
Zhang-Peng Li ◽  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Min Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet

Abstract 370: Upregulation of Renal D5 Dopamine Receptor Ameliorates Hypertension in D3 Deficient Mice

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Crisanto S Escano ◽  
Laureano Asico ◽  
John E Jones ◽  
Alan Barte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Deficient Mice

D 3 dopamine receptor (D 3 R) deficient mice have renin-dependent hypertension but the hypertension is mild and is not associated with oxidative stress. In order to determine if any compensatory mechanism in the kidney is involved in the regulation of blood pressure with disruption of D 3 R, we measured the renal protein expression of dopamine receptors in D 3 R homozygous (D 3 -/-) and heterozygous (D 3 +/-) knockout mice and their wild type (D 3 +/+) littermates. D 5 dopamine receptor (D 5 R) (169±23%, reported as % of D 3 +/+, n=5/group) expression was increased but D 4 dopamine receptors protein expression (59±8%) was decreased, while no significant changes were found with D 1 and D 2 dopamine receptors. Immunocytochemistry showed a stronger renal staining of D 5 R but without a change in renal tubule cell distribution in D 3 -/- relative to D 3 +/+ mice. D 5 R abundance was also increased in D 3 +/- (205±30%, n=5/group) relative to D 3 +/+ mice, while D 1 R abundance was similar between D 3 +/- and D 3 +/+ mice. The increase in D 5 R expression was abolished while blood pressure was increased further in D 3 -/- mice fed a high salt diet. Treatment of the D 1 -like (including D 1 and D 5 receptors) antagonist, SCH23390 , increased the blood pressure to a greater extent in anesthetized D 3 -/- mice than in D 3 +/+ mice (n=4/group), suggesting that the upregulation of D 5 R may modulate the hypertension in mice caused by the disruption of D 3 R. Since dopamine inhibits the NADPH oxidase-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the D 5 R, we also measured the protein expression of NOXs in the kidney and isoprostane in the urine. No NADPH oxidase subunit was increased in D 3 -/- and D 3 +/- mice relative to D 3 +/+ mice fed a normal or salt high salt diet, and urinary isoprostane excretion was also similar in D 3 -/- and D 3 +/+ mice. Our findings suggest that the upregulation of D 5 R may minimize the hypertension and prevent oxidative stress in D 3 -/- mice.

Cyperus esculentus L. (tigernut) mitigates high salt diet‐associated testicular toxicity in Wistar rats by targeting testicular steroidogenesis, oxidative stress and inflammation

Andrologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justina Nwandimma Nwangwa ◽  
Augustine Lishilinimye Udefa ◽  
Ernest Atelhe Amama ◽  
Inah Onete Inah ◽  
Hamza Joseph Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Testicular Steroidogenesis

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori AdaptationIn Vivoin Response to a High-Salt Diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 4871-4883 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Loh ◽  
Jennifer A. Gaddy ◽  
Holly M. Scott Algood ◽  
Silvana Gaudieri ◽  
Simon Mallal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Helicobacter pyloriexhibits a high level of intraspecies genetic diversity. In this study, we investigated whether the diversification ofH. pyloriis influenced by the composition of the diet. Specifically, we investigated the effect of a high-salt diet (a known risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma) onH. pyloridiversification within a host. We analyzedH. pyloristrains isolated from Mongolian gerbils fed either a high-salt diet or a regular diet for 4 months by proteomic and whole-genome sequencing methods. Compared to the input strain and output strains from animals fed a regular diet, the output strains from animals fed a high-salt diet produced higher levels of proteins involved in iron acquisition and oxidative-stress resistance. Several of these changes were attributable to a nonsynonymous mutation infur(fur-R88H). Further experiments indicated that this mutation conferred increased resistance to high-salt conditions and oxidative stress. We propose a model in which a high-salt diet leads to high levels of gastric inflammation and associated oxidative stress inH. pylori-infected animals and that these conditions, along with the high intraluminal concentrations of sodium chloride, lead to selection ofH. pyloristrains that are most fit for growth in this environment.

Atrial natriuretic factor: The effects of pregnancy and a high-salt diet on atrial levels

1989 ◽  
Vol 161 (6) ◽  
pp. 1620-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lony C. Castro ◽  
Chander P. Arora ◽  
Jane L. Davis ◽  
Calvin J. Hobel ◽  
Hassan Parvez
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic
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