scholarly journals The Potential Value of Sleep Hygiene for a Healthy Pregnancy: A Brief Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary M. Ferraro ◽  
Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽  
Andrée Gruslin ◽  
Kristi B. Adamo
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sleep Hygiene ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy ◽  
Excessive Gestational Weight Gain

The quality of the intrauterine environment influences maternal-fetal health and also offspring predisposition to obesity and cardiometabolic disease later in life. Several determinants, including but not limited to pregravid obesity and excessive gestational weight gain, alter the developmental milieu, fetal growth, and child obesity risk. However, the role of sleep and its relationship to healthy pregnancy is not fully established. Given the host of psychosocial and physiological complications associated with childhood obesity, targeting the gestational period is purported to be an opportune time for preventive intervention. Many longitudinal studies suggest that short sleep duration is a risk factor for the development of impaired glycemia and obesity. However, there is a dearth of information concerning the role of sleep hygiene and its role in a healthy pregnancy. Reports note disrupted and poorer quality of sleep during gestation and highlight an association between reduced sleep and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Given the lack of well-designed human trials assessing the value of sleep and healthy pregnancy outcomes, this review summarizes current evidence which suggests that incorporating sleep recommendations and utilizing time management strategies that encourage a healthful night ’s sleep may improve the health of the mom and the baby.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review Evaluating the Impact of Protein Source (Vegetarian vs. Meat Based) in Hepatic Encephalopathy

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Umair Iqbal ◽  
Ravirajsinh N. Jadeja ◽  
Harshit S. Khara ◽  
Sandeep Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Branch Chain Amino ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Protein Diets

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common neurological consequence in patients with cirrhosis and has a healthcare burden of USD 5370 to 50,120 per patient annually. HE significantly hampers the quality of life and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Patients with cirrhosis are at a high risk for protein-calorie malnutrition due to altered metabolism. Current evidence has changed the old belief of protein restriction in patients with cirrhosis and now 1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day protein intake is recommended. Case series and studies with small numbers of participants showed that a vegetarian protein diet decreases the symptoms of HE when compared to a meat-based diet, but the evidence is limited and requires further larger randomized controlled trials. However, vegetable or milk-based protein diets are good substitutes for patients averse to meat intake. Branch chain amino acids (BCAA) (leucine, isoleucine and valine) have also been shown to be effective in alleviating symptoms of HE and are recommended as an alternative therapy in patients with cirrhosis for the treatment of HE. In this review, we provide an overview of current literature evaluating the role of protein intake in the management of HE in cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Quality of Response in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: The Role of Minimal Residual Disease

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1417
Author(s):  
Maurillo ◽  
Bassan ◽  
Cascavilla ◽  
Ciceri
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Tailored Therapy ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Minimal Residual ◽  
Acute Myeloid

: In the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) setting, research has extensively investigated the existence and relevance of molecular biomarkers, in order to better tailor therapy with newly developed agents and hence improve outcomes and/or save the patient from poorly effective therapies. In particular, in patients with AML, residual disease after therapy does reflect the sum of the contributions of all factors associated with diagnosis and post-diagnosis resistance. The evaluation of minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) can be considered as a key tool to guide patient’s management and a promising endpoint for clinical trials. In this narrative review, we discuss MRD evaluation as biomarker for tailored therapy in AML patients; we briefly report current evidence on the use of MRD in clinical practice, and comment on the potential ability of MRD in the assessment of the efficacy of new molecules.

scholarly journals Exercise in the management of multiple sclerosis relapses: current evidence and future perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Rooney ◽  
Hani Albalawi ◽  
Lorna Paul
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Perspectives

Relapses are a common feature of multiple sclerosis; however, recovery from relapses is often incomplete, with up to half of people experiencing residual disabilities postrelapse. Therefore, treatments are required to promote recovery of function and reduce the extent of residual disabilities postrelapse. Accordingly, this Perspective article explores the role of exercise in relapse management. Current evidence from two studies suggests that exercise in combination with steroid therapy improves disability and quality of life postrelapse, and may be more beneficial in promoting relapse recovery than steroid therapy alone. However, given the small number of studies and methodological limitations, further studies are required to understand the effects of exercise in relapse management and the mechanism through which exercise influences relapse recovery.

scholarly journals Food components and diet habits: chief factors of cancer development

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
Rihab Ksouri
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Chief Factors ◽  
Canned Foods ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Food is a vital need for everyone. Today, there is food for all, but the world still suffers from under- and over-nutrition and risk of cancer development and chronic diseases can follow both cases. Worldwide, cancer is a leading cause of mortality after cardiovascular disease; it is considered the second reason for death globally. Role of nutritional habits, the quality of food, the consumption of canned foods, genetically modified fruits and vegetables and exposed food to certain pesticides and carcinogens agents, and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours such as smoking, alcohol, obesity, and fast-foods consumption may be at risk to the development of some cancers. In recent decades, researchers have carried out attention in this field to improve the quality of life and to limit nutrition problems. Thus, this study aims to summarize current evidence on the relationship between nutritional factors and cancer expansion, how nutrition can be a heal and a source of fatal illness leading to death. In detail, this review will highlight the influence of specific foodstuffs on the threat of cancer incidence and recurrence by providing some examples of most carcinogenic compounds.

scholarly journals Interventions for challenging behaviour in intellectual disability

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afia Ali ◽  
Jessica Blickwedel ◽  
Angela Hassiotis
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
List Type ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
The Individual

SummaryChallenging behaviour is common in intellectual disability but it is difficult to diagnose and manage. It can adversely affect the quality of life of the individual and cause the breakdown of community placements, resulting in hospital admission. This article discusses the aetiology of challenging behaviour (including the complex relationship with mental illness), diagnostic problems, the current evidence base in relation to psychosocial and pharmacological treatments, and service delivery.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Understand the aetiological basis of challenging behaviour.•Understand the role of functional analysis.•Appreciate the evidence base in relation to the psychological and pharmacological treatment of challenging behaviour.

Thrombocytosis and Thrombosis

Hematology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro M. Vannucchi ◽  
Tiziano Barbui
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Primary Myelofibrosis ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Molecular Abnormalities ◽  
Bone Marrow Histology ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches

Abstract The aim of this review is to discuss current diagnostic approaches to, and classification of, patients presenting with thrombocytosis, in light of novel information derived from the discovery of specific molecular abnormalities in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD), which represent the most common cause of primary thrombocytosis. The JAK2V617F and the MPLW515L/K mutations have been found in patients with essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and primary myelofibrosis, and less frequently in other myeloproliferative disorders complicated by thrombocytosis. However, neither mutation is disease specific nor is it universally present in patients with elevated platelet counts due to a CMPD; therefore, distinguishing between reactive and primary forms of thrombocytosis, as well as among the different clinical entities that constitute the CMPD, still requires a multifaceted diagnostic approach that includes as a key step the accurate evaluation of bone marrow histology. The role of elevated platelet counts in thrombosis, which represent the predominant complication of CMPD,significantly affecting prognosis and quality of life as well as, paradoxically, in the pathogenesis of the hemorrhagic manifestations, will be discussed. Established and novel potential risk factors for thrombosis, including the clinical relevance of the JAK2V617F mutation, and current management strategies for thrombocytosis are also briefly discussed.

Sodium intake, health implications, and the role of population-level strategies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghadeer S Aljuraiban ◽  
Arun Pulikkottil Jose ◽  
Priti Gupta ◽  
Krithiga Shridhar ◽  
Dorairaj Prabhakaran
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Population Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Reduce Sodium Intake ◽  
Matters Of Concern

Abstract Evidence to date suggests that high sodium intake affects health adversely, yet the role of a population-level strategy to reduce sodium intake is often contested. This review focuses on current available evidence on regional sodium intake levels, health implications of sodium intake, and population-level strategies implemented worldwide. The limitations in evidence, the difficulties in implementing population-wide strategies to reduce sodium intake, and the need for such strategies are critically reviewed. Evidence clearly shows that sodium has an adverse effect on blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. However, whether reduced sodium intake benefits all individuals or only hypertensive individuals is still unclear. Methodological issues and publication bias in current evidence are other matters of concern in sodium-related research. While it is essential to continue working toward the World Health Organization’s target of 30% reduction in sodium intake, due consideration should be given to improving the quality of research, reducing bias in publications, and reviewing evidence more critically.

STRATEGI MANAJEMEN PERUBAHAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS MANAJERIAL PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI MAN 1 PAMEKASAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Atiqullah Atiqullah ◽  
Milda Karya Puspasari
Keyword(s):  
Change Management ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Education Planning

The educational institution must have a strategy in bringing about an improvement or change. Where strategy is a way in the process toward the goal. The progress of educational institutions today is highly demanded because of the strong flow of competition among educational institutions. Ability to compete with other institutions is a succes of educational institutions or the ability to give trust to the communit. Succes in an educational institution depends on the management applied within an institution. As well as the role of managers in embracing management systems, educational organizations and education planning to become a conducive educational environment. Because if the managed management is so good then the result to be achieved in the education will run effectively and produce a succes. Thus institutionsshould be able to embrace change management strategies in improving the quality of managerial education of Islam well.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Erythropoietin in Multiple Myeloma.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 232-232
Author(s):  
Heloisa P. Soares ◽  
Ambuj Kumar ◽  
Franco Silvestris ◽  
Benjamin Djulbegovic
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Epoetin Alpha

Abstract Background: The current approach for treating anemia in multiple myeloma (MM) patients entails prescribing recombinant erythropoetin (EPO) only if chemotherapy fails initially to raise hemoglobin (Hb) levels. However, this practice is not based on synthesis of the totality of evidence obtained from data of all trials testing EPO exclusively in myeloma patients. Objective: To conduct a systematic review/ meta-analysis (SR/MA) regarding the use of EPO in MM patients. Methods: We conducted a SR of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that studied the effect of EPO exclusively in MM patients. We searched all major electronic databases (MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register) as well as performing hand searches of relevant meeting proceedings (ASH, ASCO, EHA), and ongoing NCI trials. We included RCTs that had at least 10 patients in each arm and had compared the use of EPO against a control group. We also identified trials that compared different doses of EPO. We excluded trials that enrolled patients treated with high-dose myeloablative chemotherapy followed by stem cell transplantation or hemodialysis. Results: We identified more than 500 relevant studies; 6 trials met our eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. Five trials (4 published as full text manuscripts and 1 as the abstract) compared epoetin alpha against a control [placebo (2 trials) or no therapy with or without specification of red cells transfusion trigger level (3 trials)] in anemic MM patients. One trial compared 2 different schedules of epoetin alpha. No trial tested the effect of darbopoeitin. All 5 trials that studied EPO against controls used initial doses of 150 IU 3x/week SC with the possibility of increasing to 300 IU if necessary. In the majority of trials the patients had been receiving chemotherapy at the time EPO was administered. The number of patients included in each trial ranged from 24 to 145. All trials concluded that EPO was superior to a placebo or no treatment in terms of Hb increase. Two trials also concluded that EPO improves quality of life. Our meta-analysis showed that hematological response was favored in the group receiving EPO [relative risk (RR) 7.75; 95% CI 4.19 to 14.35, 4 trials, n = 272]. Mean Hb level improvement with EPO was also significant [weighted mean difference (WMD) 2.29; 95% CI2.00 to -2.58, 3 trials, n = 235]. In terms of adverse events, hypertension was more often found in the EPO arm [RR 5.80; 95% CI 1.30-25.90, 4 trials, n = 290]. Survival and data related to tumor response were not available in all trials. Critical appraisal indicated that available evidence was modest in quantity (5 trials, n= 385 total patients enrolled) and poorly reported in all important methodological domains. Conclusion: Available body of evidence suggests that EPO improves hematological outcomes in patients with myeloma. However, the quality of current evidence is insufficient, data on most important patients’ outcomes are lacking (e.g. survival etc.), thus preventing us from making definitive recommendations regarding the role of EPO in managing anemia in the myeloma setting. A definitive RCT to resolve the role of EPO in myeloma is indicated.

scholarly journals A Review of Nutritional Factors in Hypertension Management

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Nguyen ◽  
Olaide A. Odelola ◽  
Janani Rangaswami ◽  
Aman Amanullah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Dietary Modification ◽  
Hypertension Management ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Nutritional Factors

Hypertension is a major health problem worldwide. Its attendant morbidity and mortality complications have a great impact on patient’s quality of life and survival. Optimizing blood pressure control has been shown to improve overall health outcomes. In addition to pharmacological therapies, nonpharmacological approach such as dietary modification plays an important role in controlling blood pressure. Many dietary components such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium have been studied substantially in the past decades. While some of these nutrients have clear evidence for their recommendation, some remain controversial and are still of ongoing study. Dietary modification is often discussed with patients and can provide a great benefit in blood pressure regulation. As such, reviewing the current evidence will be very useful in guiding patients and their physician and/or dietician in decision making. In this review article of nutritional factors in hypertension management, we aim to examine the role of nutritional factors individually and as components of whole dietary patterns.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document