scholarly journals The Effect of Minjingu Phosphate Rock and Triple Superphosphate on Soil Phosphorus Fractions and Maize Yield in Western Kenya

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Orangi Nyambati ◽  
Peter Asbon Opala
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
N Source ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maize Yields ◽  
Minjingu Phosphate Rock

We tested the effects of triple superphosphate (TSP) and Minjingu phosphate rock (MPR), when applied at phosphorus (P) rates of 50 or 250 kg P ha−1 in a factorial combination with urea or Tithonia diversifolia green manure as nitrogen sources, on P availability and maize yields for two seasons at Nyabeda and Khwisero in Kenya. Phosphorus availability was determined by the Olsen method or sequential fractionation. There was no significant difference in Olsen P as influenced by TSP and MPR at 50 kg P ha−1 irrespective of the N source at both sites in both seasons. However, at 250 kg P ha−1, TSP gave significantly higher Olsen P than MPR. The labile P fractions generally followed the same trend as the Olsen P. Maize yields increased with increasing amount of P applied. Generally, there was no significant difference between TSP and MPR on maize yields irrespective of the N source. The Olsen-P, Resin-P, and sodium bicarbonate inorganic P correlated well with maize yields when TSP was used but the correlations between these P tests and maize yields for MPR were not consistent and therefore their use on soils treated with MPR should be exercised with caution.

Increased Maize Yields through the Transdisciplinary Process with Site Specific Fertilizer Recommendation in Small Holder Farms in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Arusey Chebet ◽  
Otinga A. Nekesa ◽  
Wilson Ng’etich ◽  
Ruth Njoroge ◽  
Roland W. Scholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Maize Yields ◽  
Maize Grain

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of site-specific fertilizer recommendations on maize yield using the transdisciplinary (TD) process. 144 farmers participated in the study for the two seasons. Experiments were laid on the farmers’ fields at four sites (Kapyemit, Kipsomba, Ngenyilel and Ziwa, in Uasin Gishu County) using Randomized Complete Block Design in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement. Treatments included farmers who participated in the TD process (TD2) and those who did not (TD1) in using the interventions for soil fertility improvement which were farmer own practices (ST1); farmers who applied government recommendations (ST2), and site-specific fertilizer recommendations (ST3) which was based on soil testing results. The Data collected was the dry weights of maize which were measured at the end of the seasons and subjected to Analysis of Variance using Genstat 14th edition. Means separation was done using Fischer’s unprotected Least Significant Difference.. There was a significant effect on maize yields by soil testing and participation in TD process p = 0.01. The mean maize grain yield for season one was 5.43 ton ha-1 while for season two was 5.73 ton ha-1. Control farmers (TD1) maize grain yield of 5.27 ton ha-1, had a significant difference (p = 0.05) from the yield of participating farmers (TD2) who had 5.96 ton ha-1. Maize grain yield was increased by the application of site specific fertilizer recommendations which gave an overall mean of 6.57 ton ha-1 for season one and 6.56 ton ha-1 for season two. Following (ST3) recommendations and participation in the TD process, improved soil nutrient content thus maize yield increased. We recommend soil testing and consequent site-specific fertilizer recommendations for any initiative in managing soil fertility.

scholarly journals Ensayo exploratorio de métodos e interacciones de elementos en la aplicación de fertilizantes en el cultivo de maíz

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 07
Author(s):  
O. A. Caceros ◽  
P. González ◽  
I Hidalgo ◽  
B. Moscoso ◽  
W. R. Raun
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dicalcium Phosphate ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Phosphate Dihydrate ◽  
N Source

Soil fertility studies have been conducted on the southern coastal plain of Guatemala for several years without showing significant response to phosphorus and sulfur fertilizer applications. In 1987, various exploratory trials were established to evaluate various methods of application for phosphorus, sulfur and nitrogen. Nitrogen sources evaluated were ammonium sulfate and urea. Beef manure was also evaluated in combination with ammonium sulfate. Various other N (as urea), P, S combinations were Included in this trial using CaSO4 as the S source. Banding phosphorus and nitrogen together especially ammonium sulfate with triple superphosphateprovided excellent response across locations. Due to the pH reduction within the NP band, H2PO4 availability at lower pH is Increased as has been demonstrated by others. Ammonium sulfate was by far a better N source compared to urea when applied alone and as such an S response was considered probable in 2 or the five locations. Gypsum applications were evaluated both as a source of sulfur and as an alternative to improving P availability by applying this source with triple superphosphate in a joint band. It was expected that the reaction products from applying gypsum and P together increase the P availability since the precipitated products (hypothesized, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and dicalcium phosphate) would not be fixed and as such slowly available at low pH. Also If by combining triple superphosphate and gypsum in a joint hand, precipitation products DCIP and DCPD would reduce the amount of fertilizer P complexed with Fe and Al hydroxides and or allophane. Antagonistic Interactions were found between S and P which suggests that fertilizer P applications could induce S deficiencies (where S was not applied) since P may be replacing SO4 on the exchange complex of soils thought to have high anion exchange capacities and/or significant amounts of adsorbed SO4.

scholarly journals White Lupin (Lupinus albus L. cv. Amiga) Increases Solubility of Minjingu Phosphate Rock, Phosphorus Balances and Maize Yields in Njoro Kenya

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce J. Lelei ◽  
Richard N. Onwonga
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maize Yields ◽  
Lupinus Albus L ◽  
Minjingu Phosphate Rock

<p>Exudation of high amounts of citrate in white lupin (<em>Lupinus albus L. cv. Amiga</em>) has the advantage of being effective in mobilization of a wide range of sparingly soluble P sources. To improve cultivation system of maize, a field experiment was conducted to assess effectiveness of white lupin (<em>Lupinus albus</em> L. cv. Amiga) in increasing solubility of minjingu phosphate rock (MPR), phosphorus balances and maize yields in Njoro sub-County, Kenya. The randomized complete block design experiment was conducted for four seasons; short (October – February) and long rain seasons (March-September) of 2010 and 2011. The treatments were; (i) fallow (F) – maize (M) rotation with triple superphosphate (TSP) applied (M<sub>TSP</sub>- F), (ii) fallow - maize rotation with MPR applied (M<sub>MPR</sub> –F), (iii) lupin (L) – maize rotation with MPR applied (M<sub>MPR</sub>- L) and (iv) maize/lupin intercrop with MPR applied (M/L<sub>MPR</sub> – F). Soil and plant P and maize grain yield were higher in M/L<sub>MPR</sub> – F (with additional lupin grain yield) and M<sub>TSP</sub>– F treatments. All treatments resulted in positive P balances at the end of two years with highest values in M<sub>TSP</sub>– F treatment and lowest in M/L<sub>MPR</sub> – F. Intercropping lupin with maize amid application of MPR is recommended for enhanced maize performance in the farming systems of resource poor farmers. Measurement of available soil nitrogen and comparison of lupin with other legumes in solubilizing MPR is recommended.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Ratio and rate effects of 32P-triple superphosphate and phosphate rock mixtures on corn growth

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Ide Franzini ◽  
Takashi Muraoka ◽  
Fernanda Latanze Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Water Soluble P ◽  
P Rate ◽  
P Utilization ◽  
P Recovery ◽  
Soluble P ◽  
Corn Plants

The availability of phosphorus (P) from " Patos de Minas" phosphate rock (PR) can be improved if it is applied mixed with a water-soluble P source. The objective of this study was to evaluate 32P as a tracer to quantify the effect of the ratio of mixtures of triple superphosphate (TSP) with PR and the rates of application on P availability from PR. Two experiments were conducted in a greenhouse utilizing corn (Zea mays L.) plants as test crop. In the first experiment, the P sources were applied at the rate of 90 mg P kg-1 soil either separately or as compacted mixtures in several TSP:PR ratios (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100 calculated on the basis of the total P content). In the second experiment, the TSP was applied alone or as 50:50 compacted mixtures with PR applied at four P rates (15, 30, 60 and 90 mg P kg-1) while the sole PR treatment was applied at the 90 mg kg-1 P rate . The mixture of PR with TSP improved the P recovery from PR in the corn plant and this effect increased proportionally to the TSP amounts in the mixture. When compared with the plant P recovery from TSP (10.52%), PR-P recovery (2.57%) was much lower even when mixed together in the ratio of 80% TSP: 20% PR. There was no difference in PR-P utilization by the corn plants with increasing P rates in the mixture (1:1 proportion). Therefore, PR-P availability is affected by the proportions of the mixtures with water soluble P, but not by P rates.

EFFECTS OF COMBINING ORGANIC MATERIALS WITH INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS SOURCES ON MAIZE YIELD AND FINANCIAL BENEFITS IN WESTERN KENYA

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. OPALA ◽  
C. O. OTHIENO ◽  
J. R. OKALEBO ◽  
P. O. KISINYO
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Maize Yields ◽  
P Sources

SUMMARYDue to escalating costs of imported fertilizers, there is renewed interest in the use of local nutrient resources in managing soil fertility in Kenya. We tested the effect of two organic materials, farmyard manure (FYM) and Tithonia diversifolia (tithonia), and an inorganic N fertilizer, urea, when applied alone or in combination with three inorganic P sources, triple superphosphate (TSP), Minjingu phosphate rock (MPR) and Busumbu phosphate rock (BPR), on maize yields and financial benefits. The study was conducted for three consecutive seasons, from March 2007 to August 2008 in western Kenya. FYM and tithonia were applied to supply 20 kg P ha−1 in treatments where they were used either alone or in combination with the inorganic P sources while 40 kg P ha−1 was from the inorganic P sources in the combination. Where urea was used, the inorganic P sources were applied at 60 kg P ha−1. When applied in combination with urea, MPR was a better P source for maize than TSP or BPR. However, when applied in combination with FYM or tithonia, TSP was the best P source. Treatments including tithonia were more effective in increasing maize yields than those without it with a similar total P application rate. The agronomic effectiveness of tithonia did not, however, translate to economic attractiveness, mainly due to very high labour costs associated with its use. FYM when applied alone at 20 kg P ha−1 was the only treatment that exceeded a benefit:cost ratio of 2 and, therefore, the most likely, of the tested technologies to be adopted by farmers.

Changes in soil Olsen P over six years with annual applications of triple superphosphate or reactive phosphate rock (Sechura)

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. C. Roberts ◽  
A. G. Sinclair ◽  
P. D. Johnstone ◽  
W. H. Risk ◽  
L. C. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Reactive Phosphate ◽  
Reactive Phosphate Rock
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