scholarly journals Comparison of Performance Measurements of Photovoltaic Modules during Winter Months in Taxila, Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Anser Bashir ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Ali ◽  
Shahid Khalil ◽  
Muzaffar Ali ◽  
Aysha Maryam Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Module Efficiency

This paper presents the comparative performance evaluation of three commercially available photovoltaic modules (monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and single junction amorphous silicon) in Taxila, Pakistan. The experimentation was carried out at outdoor conditions for winter months. Power output, module efficiency, and performance ratio were calculated for each module and the effect of module temperature and solar irradiance on these parameters was investigated. Module parameters showed strong dependence on the solar irradiance and module temperature. Monocrystalline and polycrystalline modules showed better performance in high irradiance condition whereas it decreased suddenly with decrease in irradiance. Amorphous solar module also showed good performance in low irradiance due to its better light absorbing characteristics and thus showed higher average performance ratio. Monocrystalline photovoltaic module showed higher monthly average module efficiency and was found to be more efficient at this site. Module efficiency and performance ratio showed a decreasing trend with increase of irradiance and photovoltaic module back surface temperature.

scholarly journals Outdoor testing of photovoltaic modules during summer in Taxila, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ali ◽  
Mubashar Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Bashir ◽  
Muzaffar Ali ◽  
Aysha Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Module Efficiency

An experimental study has been carried out to measure the performance of commercially available photovoltaic modules during summer months in the climate of Taxila, near the capital of Pakistan. The modules used in the study are monocrystalline silicon (c-Si), polycrystalline silicon (p-Si) and single junction amorphous silicon (a-Si). The analysis has been focused on the measurement of module efficiency, performance ratio and temperature of each module at actual operating conditions using outdoor monitoring facility. The measured results are compared with the already published data of peak winter month at the same site. Overall, the monocrystalline module showed high average module efficiency while amorphous silicon module was better in term of average performance ratio. Furthermore, the module efficiency and performance ratio has shown decreasing trend with increase of module temperature. It was found that modules have much higher temperature in summer months (about 20?C higher) and showed low efficiency and performance ratio than peak winter month. The average ambient temperature varied from 18.1?C to 38.6?C from winter to summer.

scholarly journals Performance investigation of photovoltaic modules by back surface water cooling

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6 Part A) ◽  
pp. 2401-2411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bashir ◽  
Hafiz Ali ◽  
Khuram Amber ◽  
Muhammad Bashir ◽  
Hassan Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Photovoltaic Thermal System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Useful Heat ◽  
Module Efficiency

The temperature of the photovoltaic module has an adverse effect on the performance of photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic module converts a small portion of energy from solar radiations into electricity while the remaining energy wastes in the form of heat. In this study, water cooled photovoltaic/thermal system was analyzed to enhance the efficiency by absorbing the heat generated by the photovoltaic modules and allowing the photovoltaic module to work at comparatively low temperature. For this system, four photovoltaic modules of two different types were used. To investigate the cooling effect, two modules were modified by making ducts at their back surface having inlet and outlet manifolds for water-flow. The measurements were taken with cooling and without cooling of photovoltaic modules. The temperature was measured at inlet, outlet, and at different points at the back of photovoltaic modules. It was found that there was a linear trend between the module efficiency and temperature. The average module temperature of c-Si and p-Si modules without cooling was 13.6% and 7.2% lower, respectively, than the same modules without cooling. As a result of temperature drop, the average module electrical efficiency of c-Si and p-Si was 13% and 6.2% higher, respectively, compared to the modules without cooling. Flowing water also gains useful heat from photovoltaic module so the resultant overall energy of the system was much higher.

scholarly journals Performance analysis of thermosyphon hybrid photovoltaic thermal collector

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Marc-Alain Mutombo ◽  
Freddie Inambao ◽  
Glen Bright
Keyword(s):  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Incoming Energy

The conversion of solar irradiance into electricity by a photovoltaic module (PV) is 6– 7% of the incoming energy from the sun depending on the type of technology and the environmental parameters. More than 80% of incoming energy from the sun is reflected or absorbed by the solar module. The fraction of energy absorbed increases with solar cell temperature and the cells’ efficiency drops as a consequence. The efficiency of a PV module is improved by combining a PV module and a thermal collector in one unit, resulting in a hybrid photovoltaic and thermal collector (PV/T). The purpose of this paper is to present the behavior a thermosyphon hybrid PV/T when exposed to variations of environmental parameters and to demonstrate the advantage of cooling photovoltaic modules with water using a rectangular channel profile for the thermal collector. A single glazed flat-box absorber PV/T module was designed, its behavior for different environmental parameters tested, the numerical model developed, and the simulation for particular days for Durban weather run. The simulation result showed that the overall efficiency of the PV/T module was 38.7% against 14.6% for a standard PV module while the water temperature in the storage tank reached 37.1 °C. This is a great encouragement to the marketing of the PV/T technology in South Africa particularly during summer, and specifically in areas where the average annual solar irradiance is more than 4.70 kWh/m²/day.

scholarly journals TEMPERATURE AND IRRADIANCE BASED ANALYSIS THE SPECIFIC VARIATION OF PV MODULE

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mohsin Ali Koondhar ◽  
Irfan Ali Channa ◽  
Sadullah Chandio ◽  
Muhammad Ismail Jamali ◽  
Abdul Sami Channa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Methods ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Module Efficiency

The effect of irradiance and increase of temperature on the back surface of the PV module would decrease the standardized efficiency of PV. To overcome this problem observed results of solar module (ORSM) and Newton Raphson’s (iterative) methods have been proposed in this research. This article compares ORSM and iterative methods of changing the specifications of a single diode model (SDM) extracted from a PV module beneath standard test conditions (STC) to calculate irradiance and various operating conditions. To make this comparison, the exact value of each diode parameter on the STC is essential. These are achieved by accepted algebraic values and iterative techniques. Newton Raphson’s technique has been proven to be the mainly precise method to find these specifications in STC. Therefore, these specifications are used to different techniques that change the parameters of an SDM with radiation and temperature. The MATLAB model is designed to assess the conducting of individual techniques by PVM. The results are compared with the measured data, and the accuracy of photovoltaic module efficiency has been achieved through different technologies at different temperature and insolation levels.

scholarly journals Effect of dust deposition on the performance of photovoltaic modules in Taxila, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Ali ◽  
Muhammad Zafar ◽  
Muhammad Bashir ◽  
Muhammad Nasir ◽  
Muzaffar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Module Efficiency

The air borne dust deposited on the surface of photovoltaic module influence the transmittance of solar radiations from the photovoltaic modules glazing surface. This experimental work aimed to investigate the effect of dust deposited on the surface of two different types of photovoltaic modules (monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon). Two modules of each type were used and one module from each pair was left exposed to natural atmosphere for three months of winter in Taxila, Pakistan. Systematic series of measurements were conducted for the time period of three months corresponding to the different dust densities. The difference between the output parameters of clean and dirty modules provided the information of percentage loss at different dust densities. The dust density deposited on the modules surface was 0.9867 mg/cm2 at the end of the study. The results showed that dust deposition has strong impact on the performance of photovoltaic modules. The monocrystalline and polycrystalline modules showed about 20% and 16% decrease of average output power, respectively, compared to the clean modules of same type. It was found that the reduction of module efficiency (?clean ? ?dirtv) in case of monocrystalline and polycrystalline module was 3.55% and 3.01%, respectively. Moreover the loss of output power and module efficiency in monocrystalline module was more compared to the polycrystalline module.

scholarly journals Design of a low-cost measuring and plotting device for photovoltaic modules

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1308-1318
Author(s):  
Sudipta Basu Pal ◽  
Abhijit Das ◽  
Konika Das (Bhattacharya) ◽  
Dipankar Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Testing Apparatus ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Capacitive Loading

The photovoltaic module testing apparatus being used presently for photovoltaic measurements acts principally on the method of photovoltaic module loading with resistive, capacitive, and electronic elements. In this work, a new method is described using a supercapacitor as the load to the photovoltaic module. This technique of characterization has proved to generate reliable V–I characteristics as validated by statistical and mathematical analyses in this article. Heat dissipation affecting the functioning of the photovoltaic modules is a common occurrence with resistive and capacitive loading techniques. It is reduced significantly in this method using supercapacitors, and curve tracing time is extremely modest and easily controllable. In effect, a low-cost, portable, and reliable I–V plotter is developed, which is operational from an embedded systems platform integrated with smart sensors. This I–V tracer has been used for the performance assessment of solar modules ranging from 10 to 100 Wp under varying climatic conditions in the eastern region of India. This test kit so developed in the photovoltaic engineering laboratory at Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, is estimated to be useful for practicing engineers and photovoltaic scientists and in particular for photovoltaic module manufacturers. The performance parameters such as fill factor and performance ratio of photovoltaic modules measured by the device have been found to have almost identical values as the measurements from a reference commercial testing apparatus. The data pertaining to peak wattage as measured by the designed plotter have been found to be closely converging with an industry-friendly YOKOGAWA Power Meter (WT 330). Such peak values of power as measured and claimed by the datasheets will help reduce the uncertainties in measurement, leading to increased confidence of photovoltaic module manufacturers and investors. With this backdrop, the necessary work for scaling up of the low-cost I–V plotter has been taken up for assessing the performance of higher wattage photovoltaic modules.

scholarly journals Evaluating Power Loss and Performance Ratio of Hot-Spotted Photovoltaic Modules

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 5419-5427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Dhimish ◽  
Peter Mather ◽  
Violeta Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Power Loss ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Characterization Performance of Monocrystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module Using Experimentally Measured Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Mena Safaa Mohammed ◽  
Emad Talib Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Monocrystalline Silicon ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Pv Module

Solar photovoltaic (PV) system has emerged as one of the most promising technology to generate clean energy. In this work, the performance of monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module is studied through observing the effect of necessary parameters: solar irradiation and ambient temperature. The single diode model with series resistors is selected to find the characterization of current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) curves by determining the values of five parameters ( ). This model shows a high accuracy in modeling the solar PV module under various weather conditions. The modeling is simulated via using MATLAB/Simulink software. The performance of the selected solar PV module is tested experimentally for different weather data (solar irradiance and ambient temperature) that is gathered from October 2017 to April 2018 in the city of Baghdad. The collected data is recorded for the entire months during the time which is limited between 8:00 AM and 1:00 PM. This work demonstrates that the change in a cell temperature is directly proportional with the PV module current, while it is inversely proportional with the PV module voltage. Additionally, the output power of a PV module increases with decreasing the solar module temperature. Furthermore, the Simulink block diagram is used to evaluate the influence of weather factors on the PV module temperature by connecting to the MATLAB code. The best value from the results of this work was in March when the solar irradiance was equal to 1000 W/m2 and the results were: Isc,exp=3.015, Isc,mod=3.25 , RE=7.79 and Voc,exp=19.67 ,Voc,mod=19.9 ,RE=1.1

scholarly journals Modeling of 120W Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Module using MATLAB Simulink

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Siti Amely Jumaat ◽  
Adhwa Amsyar Syazwan Ab Majid ◽  
Mohd Noor Abdullah ◽  
Nur Hanis Radzi ◽  
Rohaiza Hamdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
And Performance

This project aims to model a solar Photovoltaic (PV) Module using MATLAB Simulink. In Renewable Energy (RE) field, many studies have been carried out to determine the level of efficiency and performance of a specific PV module. Therefore, this research will carry out the modeling of the 120W Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Module by Su-Kam Solar using MATLAB Simulink to determine the efficiency and performance. The input parameters that consists of Solar Irradiance (G) and Temperature (T) data will be collected at location 1.8635° N, 103.1089° E which is in Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor. The results are shown in I-V curve and P-V curve and compared with the theory of I-V and P-V curve. Other than that, the PV module have different performance in different value of irradiance and temperature. Lastly, the PV Module is work efficiently and full performance at Standard Test Conditon (STC).

scholarly journals Thermal and electrical energy yield analysis of a directly water cooled photovoltaic module

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Busiso Mtunzi ◽  
Edson Meyer ◽  
Simon Michael
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Utility Company ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
Font Color

Electrical energy of photovoltaic modules drops by 0.5% for each degree increase in temperature. Direct water cooling of photovoltaic modules was found to give improved electrical and thermal yield. A prototype was put in place to analyse the field data for a period of a year. The results showed an initial high performance ratio and electrical power output. The monthly energy saving efficiency of the directly water cooled module was found to be approximately 61%. The solar utilisation of the naturally cooled photovoltaic module was found to be 8.79% and for the directly water cooled module its solar utilisation was 47.93%. Implementation of such systems on households may reduce the load from the utility company, bring about huge savings on electricity bills and help in reducing carbon emissions. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been retracted. Link to the retraction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/TSCI160407082E">10.2298/TSCI160407082E</a><u></b></font>

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