scholarly journals Predicting Neck Abscess with Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa Lim Seer Yee ◽  
Noraini Abdul Rahim ◽  
Ning Ajleaa Ngah ◽  
Yang Faridah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Sethu Subha
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Local Population ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Neck Abscess ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Neck abscesses are difficult to diagnose and treat. Currently, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) is the imaging modality of choice. The study aims to determine the predictive value of CECT findings in diagnosing neck abscess, causes of neck abscess and the most common neck space involved in the local population. 84 consecutive patients clinically suspected to have neck abscess who underwent CECT and surgical confirmation of pus were included. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. 75 patients were diagnosed as having neck abscess on CECT; out of those 71 patients were found to have pus. Overall CECT findings were found to have a high sensitivity (98.6%) and positive predictive value (PPV) (94.7%) but lower specificity (67.2%) in diagnosing neck abscess. The CECT diagnostic criterion with the highest PPV is the presence of rim irregularity (96%). The most common deep neck space involved is the submandibular compartment, which correlates with the finding that odontogenic cause was the most common identifiable cause of abscess in the study population. Thus, in a patient clinically suspected of having neck abscess, CECT findings of a hypodense mass with rim irregularity are helpful in confirming the diagnosis and guiding clinical management.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of hepatic steatosis by contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo da Fonseca Monjardim ◽  
Danilo Manuel Cerqueira Costa ◽  
Ricardo Francisco Tavares Romano ◽  
Priscila Silveira Salvadori ◽  
Jaime de Vargas Conde dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Abdominal Computed Tomography ◽  
Portal Phase ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Simplified Calculation ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic capacity of abdominal computed tomography in the assessment of hepatic steatosis using the portal phase with a simplified calculation method as compared with the non-contrast-enhanced phase. Materials and Methods In the present study, 150 patients were retrospectively evaluated by means of non-contrast-enhanced and contrast-enhanced computed tomography. One hundred patients had hepatic steatosis and 50 were control subjects. For the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in the portal phase, the authors considered a result of < 104 HU calculated by the formula [L - 0.3 × (0.75 × P + 0.25 × A)] / 0.7, where L, P and A represent the attenuation of the liver, of the main portal vein and abdominal aorta, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated, using non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography as the reference standard. Results The simplified calculation method with portal phase for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis showed 100% sensitivity, 36% specificity, negative predictive value of 100% and positive predictive value of 75.8%. The rate of false positive results was 64%. False negative results were not observed. Conclusion The portal phase presents an excellent sensitivity in the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis, as compared with the non-contrast-enhanced phase of abdominal computed tomography. However, the method has low specificity.

scholarly journals Assessment of Imaging Performance and Accuracy for the Diagnostic Evaluation of Wilms Tumor in Kids in the ERA of Contrast Based CT Scan with Histopathological Correlation: A Study in Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 668-673
Author(s):  
Ashraf Amirali ◽  
Jaideep Darira ◽  
Hina Pathan ◽  
Sorath Murtaza ◽  
Munaza Irshad
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

The aim of the study is the assessment of accuracy for the diagnostic evaluation of Wilms tumor in the pediatric population in the era of contrast-enhanced CT scan using histopathology as a gold standard. Plain and contrast-enhanced abdominal Computed Tomography including pelvis and chest was performed in suspected patients with multiple axial sections with sagittal and coronal reconstructions. Patients were being followed, data was collected and recorded on proforma after histopathology. The patient's mean age for this study in years was 3.5 ± 1.2. Gender distribution showed 170 patients (54.6%) were male while the remaining 141 patients (45.33%) were female. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed sensitivity (90.36%), specificity (51.72%), diagnostic accuracy (72.34%), positive predictive value (68.18%), and negative predictive value (82.42%) confirmed on Histopathology as the gold standard. It is concluded from the results of this study that contrast-enhanced computed tomography proved high diagnostic accuracy positive predictive in the detection of Wilms’ tumor by taking histopathology as the gold standard.

ROLE OF TRIPLE PHASE CONTRAST ENHANCED COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN HEPATIC LESIONS AND THEIR CYTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kaur ◽  
Chaitanya Tapasvi ◽  
Sarita Nibhoria ◽  
Divya Soin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

AIMS: To evaluate the enhancement patterns of hepatic lesions on triple phase contrast enhanced computed tomography and to correlate the CT ndings of hepatic lesions with cytological ndings on ne needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Settings and Design: This prospective observational study was carried out at Department of Radiodiagnosis, Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Source of Data: A total of 75 patients who had hepatic lesions on ultrasonography and clinical suspicion of focal hepatic lesions were referred for CECT abdomen. Findings of Triple phase CT for hepatic lesions were correlated with cytopathological ndings. Methods and Material: A Triphasic CECT abdomen was performed on Siemens Somatom Perspective 128 slice scanner in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot. The entire liver was scanned successively, in arterial, portovenous and delayed phases. A 5mm collimation and 5mm/sec table speed were used. After obtaining a digital scout view, unenhanced scan of the liver was obtained.1.5ml/kg body weight of 300mgI/ml iodinated contrast material was administered by using a pressure injector at a rate of 3.0 mL/s using a pressure injector.USG/CT guided FNAC was done. CT imaging ndings were classied as benign or malignant by correlating them with cytopathological ndings. Results: The present study inferred that Triple phase CECT is a highly sensitive and specic imaging modality for detection and characterization of hepatic lesions with an overall sensitivity and specicity of 100.00 % (95% C.I. 92.45% to 100%) and 92.86% (95% C.I. 76.50% to 99.12%)respectively when correlated with cytopathological ndings. Conclusions: It is inferred from our study that triple phase CECT is highly sensitive and specic imaging modality for detection and characterization of hepatic lesions with wide availability in the present scenario.

Prevalence of Risk Factors for Contrast-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Outpatients Undergoing Intravenous Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Carstensen ◽  
Dipinder Keer ◽  
Jeremy Rempel ◽  
Paul Jeon ◽  
Brendan Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Objective To document the prevalence and pattern of risk factors for contrast-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) in an outpatient population referred for contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) (CECT) studies. Methods Over a 4-month period, 3261 patients presenting for CT studies were asked to consent to a survey of CIN risk factors. Among these patients, 957 were outpatients who received contrast material before the CT study. Demographic information and available serum creatinine (SCr) data for these patients were extracted from medical records and then analysed. A telephone questionnaire to document risk factors was administered to 200 of these patients, who were outpatients not referred from the emergency department or on dialysis. Results Among the 200 surveyed patients, 69% reported risk factors for CIN or for kidney function impairment (low estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) at baseline. Among these patients, 43% reported multiple (2 or more) risk factors. Patients older than the mean age of 53 years had a higher incidence of having multiple risk factors when compared with those younger than this age. Patients with kidney function impairment at baseline had a higher incidence of having multiple risk factors when compared with those with normal kidney function. Among the patients with no SCr investigation in the 3 months preceding a CECT, 64% had multiple risk factors. In the study population of 957 outpatients undergoing CECT, 52% had SCr measurements within 3 months before the study. An eGFR of less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was found in 17% of the study population, and, in 0.6%, the eGFR was less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conclusion In an ambulatory outpatient population, many patients presenting for outpatient CECT studies will have risk factors for CIN or for kidney function impairment (low eGFR) at baseline. Kidney function assessment, therefore, is indicated in this patient population before CECT.

scholarly journals The Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography Scans to Detect Postpartum Haemorrhage: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUMI MITSUYAMA ◽  
YUSUKE KATAYAMA ◽  
KAZUYA OI ◽  
JUNYA SHIMAZAKI ◽  
KAZUYA MIMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Arterial Bleeding ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Abstract Introduction: Postpartum haemorrhage is a major cause of maternal mortality. Although contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) is useful to reveal arterial bleeding, its accuracy in postpartum haemorrhage is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of CE-CT scanning in detecting postpartum haemorrhage.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. We included patients with postpartum haemorrhage treated by emergency physicians in collaboration with obstetricians. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for CE-CT scanning to detect arterial bleeding.Results: CE-CT scanning was performed in 52 patients, and 31 patients had extravasation. The sensitivity of CE-CT scanning to detect arterial extravasation was 100% (15/15), specificity was 28.6% (2/7), positive predictive value was 75% (15/20), and negative predictive value was 100% (2/2).Conclusion: We showed the sensitivity of CE-CT scanning to detect arterial extravasation in patients with postpartum haemorrhage to be 100%.

scholarly journals Clinical value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for characterization and diagnosis of small nodular lesions in liver

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-lian Liu ◽  
Dong Bao ◽  
Zong-li Xu ◽  
Xiang-ju Zhuge
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Coincidence Rate ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Nodular Lesions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Objectives: To explore the clinical value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for characterization and diagnosis of small nodular lesions in the liver and investigate the association between such small nodular lesions and the degree of tumor differentiation. Methods: Combined imaging modalities were performed on 120 patients who were admitted by Linyi Maternal and Child Health hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 and diagnosed with hepatic nodular lesions. The CT scans were interpreted by two senior imageologists while the ultrasound scans were analyzed by two senior sonographers. A comparative analysis was carried out on different scan modes and the postoperative or post-puncture pathological results using the t-test, the χ2 test, and the Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: Compared to the pathological results, definite diagnoses of 55 malignant cases were made using CECT alone, with the coincidence rate of 78.6%; CECT combined with CEUS formed correct diagnoses in 64 cases, and the coincidence rate was up to 91.4%. The difference between the two scan modes was statistically significant (p= 0.03). Based on pathological diagnosis, seventy out of the 120 cases of small nodular lesions were identified as malignant, while the other 50 cases were benign. The single imaging modality diagnosed 63 malignant and 57 benign nodules, whereas the combined modalities identified 68 malignancies and 52 benign conditions. Compared to CECT as a single imaging modality, the combined modalities showed a higher degree of sensitivity and accuracy, and the difference was statistically significant (sensitivity: p= 0.03; accuracy: p= 0.02); in the malignant cases, the magnitudes of contrast enhancement of CT and ultrasound imaging decreased with an increase in the degree of differentiation, indicating a negative correlation between these factors. Conclusions: CECT combined with CEUS has a higher coincidence rate, greater sensitivity, and better diagnostic accuracy when being used for characterization and diagnosis of small nodular lesions in the liver. A higher degree of tumor differentiation means a decreased magnitude of contrast enhancement and a blurrier boundary, which indicates that CECT and CEUS are complementary to each other in classifying malignant liver nodules. The use of the combined imaging modalities shows clinical value for characterizing small liver nodules and predicting the degree of malignancy. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4306 How to cite this:Liu J, Bao D, Xu Z, Zhuge X. Clinical value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) combined with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for characterization and diagnosis of small nodular lesions in liver. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4306 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document