scholarly journals Neuronal Differentiation of Adipose Derived Stem Cells: Progress So Far

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Moore ◽  
Heidi Abrahamse
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Regime

The nervous system is essential for normal physiological function of all systems within the human body. Unfortunately the nervous system has a limited capacity for self-repair and there are a plethora of disorders, diseases, and types of trauma that affect the central and peripheral nervous systems; however, current treatment modalities are unable to remedy them. Stem cell therapy using easily accessible mesenchymal stem cells, such as those found in the adipose stroma, has come to the fore in a number of biomedical disciplines as a potential therapeutic regime. In addition to substantial research already having been conducted on thein vitrodifferentiation of stem cells for the treatment of neurological repair, numerous strategies for the induction and culture of stem cells into terminal neural lineages have also been developed. However, none of these strategies have yet been able to produce a fully functional descendent suitable for use in stem cell therapy. Due to the positive effects that low level laser irradiation has shown in stem cell studies to date, we propose that it could enhance the processes involved in the differentiation of adipose derived stem cells into neuronal lineages.

scholarly journals Improvement of systemic lupus erythematosus in dogs with canine adipose-derived stem cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 462-466
Author(s):  
M Ko ◽  
TH Kim ◽  
Y Kim ◽  
D Kim ◽  
JO Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Life Threatening

A 6-year-old, intact female, Maltese presented with limited movement of the hind limbs and intermittent pruritus for three months. The patient was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus. Conventional immunosuppressive therapy was attempted for 70 days; however, the patient still suffered from life-threatening pancreatitis and hepatopathy. Therefore, we tried canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for immunomodulation and liver protection. After 6-months of the stem cell therapy, the patient’s walking and hepatopathy improved. These findings indicate that stem cell therapy may be another option for systemic lupus erythematosus in dogs.

scholarly journals Diabetic Retinopathy and Stem Cell Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevil Kestane
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Long Time

This overview was evaluated by the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the stem cell therapy approach. DR is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by damage to the retinal blood vessels leading to progressive loss of vision. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms are complicated and not completely understood yet. The current treatment strategies have included medical, laser, intravitreal, and surgical approaches. It is known that the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which has a great potential, is promising for the treatment of many degenerative disorders, including the eye. In retinal degenerative diseases, MSCs were ameliorated retinal neurons and retinal pigmented epithelial cells in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Stem cell therapies show promise in neurodegenerative diseases. However, it is very important to know which type of stem cell will be used in which situations, the amount of stem cells to be applied, the method of application, and its physiological/neurophysiological effects. Therefore, it is of great importance to evaluate this subject physiologically. After stem cell application, its safety and efficacy should be followed for a long time. In the near future, widespread application of regenerative stem cell therapy may be a standard treatment in DR.

scholarly journals Fetal liver mesenchymal stem cells restore ovarian function in premature ovarian insufficiency by targeting MT1

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boxian Huang ◽  
Chunfeng Qian ◽  
Chenyue Ding ◽  
Qingxia Meng ◽  
Qinyan Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Ovarian Insufficiency ◽  
Apoptotic Genes

Abstract Background With the development of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering technology, almost all stem cell therapy is efficacious for the treatment of premature ovarian failure (POF) or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) animal models, whereas little stem cell therapy has been practiced in clinical settings. The underlying molecular mechanism and safety of stem cell treatment in POI are not fully understood. In this study, we explored whether fetal mesenchymal stem cells (fMSCs) from the liver restore ovarian function and whether melatonin membrane receptor 1 (MT1) acts as a regulator for treating POI disease. Methods We designed an in vivo model (chemotherapy-induced ovary damage) and an in vitro model (human ovarian granulosa cells (hGCs)) to understand the efficacy and molecular cues of fMSC treatment of POI. Follicle development was observed by H&E staining. The concentration of sex hormones in serum (E2, AMH, and FSH) and the concentration of oxidative and antioxidative metabolites and the enzymes MDA, SOD, CAT, LDH, GR, and GPx were measured by ELISA. Flow cytometry (FACS) was employed to detect the percentages of ROS and proliferation rates. mRNA and protein expression of antiapoptotic genes (SURVIVIN and BCL2), apoptotic genes (CASPASE-3 and CASPASE-9), and MT1 and its downstream genes (JNK1, PCNA, AMPK) were tested by qPCR and western blotting. MT1 siRNA and related antagonists were used to assess the mechanism. Results fMSC treatment prevented cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced follicle loss and recovered sex hormone levels. Additionally, fMSCs significantly decreased oxidative damage, increased oxidative protection, improved antiapoptotic effects, and inhibited apoptotic genes in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, fMSCs also upregulated MT1, JNK1, PCNA, and AMPK at the mRNA and protein levels. With MT1 knockdown or antagonist treatment in normal hGCs, the protein expression of JNK1, PCNA, and AMPK and the percentage of proliferation were impaired. Conclusions fMSCs might play a crucial role in mediating follicular development in the POI mouse model and stimulating the activity of POI hGCs by targeting MT1.

scholarly journals Effects of nicotine on the translation of stem cell therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1679-1688
Author(s):  
Alex HP Chan ◽  
Ngan F Huang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Lifestyle Choices

Although stem cell therapy has tremendous therapeutic potential, clinical translation of stem cell therapy has yet to be fully realized. Recently, patient comorbidities and lifestyle choices have emerged to be important factors in the efficacy of stem cell therapy. Tobacco usage is an important risk factor for numerous diseases, and nicotine exposure specifically has become increasing more prevalent with the rising use of electronic cigarettes. This review describes the effects of nicotine exposure on the function of various stem cells. We place emphasis on the differential effects of nicotine exposure in vitro and as well as in preclinical models. Further research on the effects of nicotine on stem cells will deepen our understanding of how lifestyle choices can impact the outcome of stem cell therapies.

scholarly journals Human adipose-derived stem cells for the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage in rats via femoral intravenous injection

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Liang Yang ◽  
Jiunn-Tat Lee ◽  
Cheng-Yoong Pang ◽  
Ting-Yi Lee ◽  
Shee-Ping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Experimental Animals

AbstractHuman adipose-derived stem cells (huADSC) were generated from fat tissue of a 65-year-old male donor. Flow cytometry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses indicated that the huADSC express neural cell proteins (MAP2, GFAP, nestin and β-III tubulin), neurotrophic growth factors (BDNF and GDNF), and the chemotactic factor CXCR4 and its corresponding ligand CXCL12. In addition, huADSC expressed the characteristic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and HLA class I. The huADSC were employed, via a right femoral vein injection, to treat rats inflicted with experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Behavioral measurement on the experimental animals, seven days after the huADSC therapy, showed a significant functional improvement in the rats with stem cell therapy in comparison with rats of the control group without the stem cell therapy. The injected huADSC were detectable in the brains of the huADSC treated rats as determined by histochemistry analysis, suggesting a role of the infused huADSC in facilitating functional recovery of the experimental animals with ICH induced stroke.

scholarly journals Instant stem cell therapy: Characterization and concentration of human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kasten ◽  
◽  
I Beyen ◽  
M Egermann ◽  
AJ Suda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

scholarly journals Stemness specificity of epithelial cells – application of cell and tissue technology in regenerative medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Rojewska ◽  
Małgorzata Popis ◽  
Maurycy Jankowski ◽  
Dorota Bukowska ◽  
Paweł Antosik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Epithelial Tissue

AbstractStem cells are cells that have the potential to replicate and/or differentiate, becoming any tissue. This process could be theoretically repeated indefinitely and can be used to create or fix damaged parts any organ. There are many in vivo factors that cause stem cells to replicate and differentiate. Many of these interactions and mechanisms are still unknown. In vitro models have been successful in inducing stem cells to differentiate into the desired lineage using controlled methods. Recently, epithelial tissue has been successfully created using scaffolds on which stem cells are grown in vitro and then transplanted into the host. This transition creates significant problems. This is because in vitro -grown stem cells or stem cell-derived tissues are created in an isolated environment where virtually every aspect can be monitored and controlled. In vivo monitoring and controlling is significantly more difficult for a plethora of reasons. Cells in the body are constantly exposed to many signals and molecules which affect them. Many of the mechanisms behind these interactions and reactions are known but many others are not. As the corpus of knowledge grows, stem cells become closer to being applied in a clinical setting. In this paper, we review the current evidence on stem cell therapy in regenerative medicine and some of the challenges this field faces.

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