scholarly journals Marked Antigiardial Activity ofYucca baccataExtracts: A Potential Natural Alternative for Treating Protozoan Infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Quihui-Cota ◽  
Rocio León-Trujillo ◽  
Humberto Astiazarán-García ◽  
Julián Esparza-Romero ◽  
María del Refugio Robles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Good Strategy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Protozoan Infections ◽  
Antigiardial Activity ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
National Prevalence

Human Giardiosis is a public health problem in Mexico, where the national prevalence was estimated to be up to 68%. Misuse of antiprotozoal drugs may result in low effectiveness and undesirable side effects. Research on natural products is a good strategy for discovering more effective antiparasitic compounds. This study evaluated the antigiardial activity of extracts ofYucca baccata, which is native to northwestern Mexico. Forty-two gerbils (females) were weighed and orally inoculated with5×106Giardiatrophozoites. Two gerbils were selected at random to confirm infection. Forty living gerbils were randomly allocated into 5 treatment groups (8 per group). Gerbils were randomly assigned to be treated with 24.4 mg/mL, 12.2 mg/mL, and 6.1 mg/mL of extracts, metronidazole (2 mg/mL) or PBS, which were intragastrically administered once per day for 3 days. Nine gerbils died during the study course. On day 10 postinfection, gerbils were euthanized and trophozoites were quantified.Yuccaextracts reduced, albeit not significantly, the trophozoite counts in the duodenum segment. Only the high-extract concentration significantly reduced the trophozoite counts in the proximal segment and it was similar to that of metronidazole. Extracts ofY. baccatamay represent an effective and natural therapeutic alternative for human giardiosis.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Benznidazole in Treatment of Chagas' Disease in Adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 4896-4899 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Jesús Pinazo ◽  
José Muñoz ◽  
Elizabeth Posada ◽  
Paulo López-Chejade ◽  
Montserrat Gállego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
European Country ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Chronic Stage

ABSTRACT Chagas’ disease is an emerging public health problem in areas where the disease is not endemic. Treatment with benznidazole has shown efficacy in the acute stage of the disease, but its efficacy in the chronic stage remains controversial, and unwanted side effects are more frequent and severe in adults than in children. This study describes the profile of side effects of benznidazole in a cohort of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected patients in a European country.

scholarly journals Identification of socio-demographic factors and the causes of poor adherances of urban DOTS in Biratnagar

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
V Kattel ◽  
R Rizal ◽  
D Katwal ◽  
S Subedi ◽  
G Kattel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Compliance ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Severe Degree

Background : TB is a major public health problem. Though Investigation and chemotherapy is free of cost we are still facing poor compliance and severe degree of disease among the poorly treated ones. We have tried to explore into reasons behind it. Methodology : It was a retrospective cross- sectional study done at Biratnagar Sub-metro Politian City. Result : People accept DOTS. They visit as early as they are referred but are diagnosed lately. They have multiple reasons to quit the treatment before completion. Conclusion : We found that early diagnosis and proper counselling about the need of prolonged regime of treatment and its side effects are important factors in preventing transmission and poor compliance. Keywords: TB; DOTS; HIV; BPKIHS; cases; defaulters     DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v7i1.3957SAARC J. TUBER. LUNG DIS. HIV/AIDS 2010 VII(1) 13-18

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Common Pathogenic Human Intestinal Protozoa in Iran: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi MOHEBALI ◽  
Hossein KESHAVARZ ◽  
Mohammad Javad ABBASZADEH AFSHAR ◽  
Ahmad Ali HANAFI-BOJD ◽  
Gholamreza HASSANPOUR
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
General Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Protozoan Infections

Background: Pathogenic intestinal protozoa are considered as a serious public health problem in developing countries. This study aimed to elucidate the overall prevalence and spatial distribution of three common human pathogenic intestinal protozoan infections in Iran. Methods: Six English and Persian databases were explored for published papers on the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Giardia lamblia, and Cryptosporidium spp. in the general population of Iran from 2000 to 2015. All eligible data were collected using a pre-designed data extraction form, and the overall prevalence was estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis model. We used ArcMap for mapping the prevalence of the studied protozoa and clustering analysis. Results: Altogether, 118 eligible papers from 24 provinces of Iran were included and analyzed. The weighted prevalence of E. histolytica/dispar, G. lamblia, and Cryptosporidium spp. infection among Iranian general population were calculated 1.3% (95% CI 1.1-1.5%), 10.6% (95% CI 9.6-11.5%) and 2% (95% CI 1.5-2.5%), respectively. Conclusion: Our findings indicated human intestinal protozoan infections caused by E. histolytica/dispar, G. lamblia, and Cryptosporidium spp. have still public health importance in some parts of Iran.  

Basics of Pediatric Pain Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 306-318
Author(s):  
Tommy Rappold ◽  
Matthew Digiusto ◽  
M-Irfan Suleman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Pediatric Pain ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Significant Public Health

Chapter 18 covers the basics of pediatric pain management. Pediatric pain is a significant public health problem leading to lost days of school, increased use of the healthcare system, and multifactorial impact on all aspects of a child’s life. Pediatric patients present special clinical challenges because of variabilities in metabolism, susceptibility to disease and side effects, ability to communicate, developmental stage, coping skills, and support systems. This chapter serves as an introduction to the main features of pediatric pain management and reviews pain assessment, common causes of pain both acute and chronic, and basic nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic strategies in patients ranging from neonates to adolescents.

scholarly journals Deteksi Protozoa Usus Oportunistik pada Penderita Diare Anak di Puskesmas Rawat Inap Pekanbaru

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Esy Maryanti ◽  
Suri Dwi Lesmana ◽  
Hendro Mandela
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Protozoan Infections

Diarrhea is still a public health problem, especially in developing countries. Diarrhea causes morbidity and highmortality in children. Diarrhea can be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites and food poisoning. One of the parasitethat can cause diarrhea is intestinal protozoa. Lately, attention to intestinal opportunistic protozoan infections isincreasing. Opportunistic intestinal protozoa infection is an infection by intestinal protozoa that had not consideredimportant and now can cause disease in humans. Cryptosporidium sp, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Isospora belii andBlastocystis hominis are opportunistic intestinal protozoa. The clinical manifestations of the infection depends on theimmune status of patients, ranging from asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals to chronic diarrhea not curedand fatal in patients imunokompromis. This study aims to detect opportunistic intestinal protozoa in children withdiarrhea patients in health centers Inpatient Pekanbaru used modified acid fast stain procedure. A total of 76 samplestested positive obtained 22.3% of opportunistic intestinal protozoa found that 9.2% were infected with Cryptosporidiumsp, Cyclospora infection were 2.6% and Blastocystis hominis 10.5%, while Isospora not found.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Fractures in Upper Front Incisors and its Relationship with Overjet in Costa Rica

2015 ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Joseph Ulate Jiménez ◽  
Ronald De la Cruz Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
School Students ◽  
Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽  
Dental Injuries ◽  
National Prevalence

<p><span>At the present time, in Costa Rica did not exist a national research on dental trauma, an issue that has become a worldwide public health problem. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries of permanent maxillary incisors. Thus, 1 626 Costa Rican school students of 12 years old were evaluated. The national prevalence of children with at least one fracture was 20.17 %, males showed a higher prevalence than women (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, i</span><span>t was observed that the group of students with more than 6 mm of overjet had a higher prevalence of fractures (p &lt; 0.05). </span></p>

scholarly journals THE UNEXPECTED MEDIASTINAL EXTENSION IN A CASE OF LUNG CANCER: THE ROLE OF IMAGING AND MULTIPLE SIDE-EFFECTS WITH CLINICAL RELEVANCE FOLLOWING TOPIRAMATE THERAPY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 478-486
Author(s):  
Daniela Cipu ◽  
Dan Simion Cipu ◽  
Agneta Maria Pusztai ◽  
Anca Alexandra Matusz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
The World ◽  
Mediastinal Extension

Bronchopulmonary neoplasm is the first cause of cancer mortality in the world and a major public health problem, affecting 17% of men and 12% of women; in this context it is very important and necessary to establish the correct diagnosis in the early stages of the disease in order to initiate the required surgical therapy [1]

scholarly journals Safety of EGb 761® therapy in comorbid patients

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
N. V. Pizova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Egb 761 ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Demographic Aging

The article presents data from various studies on the incidence of chronic diseases and conditions among adults, which is a serious public health problem today. The problem of comorbidity in the conditions of demographic aging of the population is highlighted. The results of recent studies on the frequency of side effects depending on the number of drugs taken are presented. It is shown that in old age another problem is the development of cognitive impairment. The results of detection of cognitive disorders among patients of general hospitals are described. Data on the efficacy of the drug application from the standardized extract of ginkgo biloba leaves EGb 761® for prophylaxis and treatment of cognitive disorders are presented. The question of the effect of EGb 761® preparation on blood coagulation properties in comorbid patients taking antiagregants and anticoagulants was considered.

Kindesmisshandlung und deren Langzeitfolgen – Analyse einer repräsentativen deutschen Stichprobe

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Witt ◽  
Rebecca Brown ◽  
Paul L. Plener ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Jörg M. Fegert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Nachhaltige Entwicklung

Zusammenfassung. Kindesmisshandlung stellt einen bedeutenden Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung dar. Einzelne Formen von Kindesmisshandlung treten häufig nicht isoliert auf, sondern das gemeinsame Auftreten verschiedener Formen von Kindesmisshandlung stellt eher die Regel als die Ausnahme dar. Neben den langfristigen und vielfältigen individuellen Folgen führt Kindesmisshandlung jährlich zu einer hohen gesamtgesellschaftlichen Belastung. Die WHO hat Kindesmisshandlung als großes Public Health Problem identifiziert und die Vereinten Nationen haben den Kampf gegen Kindesmisshandlung zum Ziel in ihrer Agenda für nachhaltige Entwicklung gemacht. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Häufigkeit sowie das gemeinsame Auftreten unterschiedlicher Formen von Kindesmisshandlung sowie deren Assoziation mit psychischen und somatischen Folgen auf Basis einer bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Stichprobe untersucht und dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen den Zusammenhang zwischen der Kumulation verschiedener Formen von Misshandlung und negativen Folgen für die Betroffenen. So ist das Risiko für negative Konsequenzen beim Erleben von vier oder mehr Formen von Misshandlung um das bis zu 10-fache erhöht. Viel zu selten werden die kumulativen Effekte von mehreren Belastungen berücksichtigt. Gerade weil die Wirkweisen über die Misshandlung, die Gesundheit beeinflusst, zunehmend gut untersucht sind, muss dieses Wissen im Gesundheitswesen stärker bei der Konzeption von Präventions- und Interventionsmaßnahmen berücksichtigt werden.

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