scholarly journals Evaluation of Durability to Laundering of Triclosan and Chitosan on a Textile Substrate

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupama Sargur Ranganath ◽  
Ajoy K. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Cotton Textile ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Transmission Of Disease

In a hospital environment, textile substrates have been implicated as a vector in the transmission of disease. To mitigate the harmful spread of disease via textile substrates, an effective measure is treatment of textiles with antimicrobial agents. The current investigation compares one of the most widely used chemically synthesized antimicrobial agents, triclosan with chitosan, a naturally occurring antimicrobial agent. For the study, samples of a common polyester/cotton textile used in hospital settings were treated with triclosan and chitosan based antimicrobial agents. Following treatment, the samples were analyzed for their effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using standard AATCC Test Methods. The efficacy of the treatment to laundering was then evaluated by subjecting the treated samples to 50 washings and repeating the tests against the challenge microorganisms. Data obtained were statistically analyzed at a 95% confidence interval. Results showed that before laundering both triclosan and chitosan treated samples were extremely effective as antimicrobial agents. After laundering, chitosan was less effective against E.coli but maintained efficacy against S. aureus. The effectiveness of triclosan was not adversely affected after the laundering treatments.

scholarly journals Combination Effects of Cymbopogon sp. Essential Oil on Selected Bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Aishah Abdul Wahab ◽  
Hairul Shahril Muhamad ◽  
Nabilah Ahmad Alhadi ◽  
Salina Mat Radzi ◽  
Maryam Mohamed Rehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Combination Effects ◽  
Cymbopogon Flexuosus ◽  
Combination Study

Combination effects between Cymbopogon flexuosus and Cymbopogon nardus essential oils were studied to determine whether the combination could emerge as better and more powerful antimicrobial agents against six selected bacteria includes Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This combination study exhibited 40.67% additive, 28.67% antagonistic, 16.00% indifferent and 14.66% synergistic effects. C. flexuosus and C. nardus essential oils in combination showed a high inhibitory activity against S. aureus with 16% synergistic, 64% additive and 20% indifferent effects.

scholarly journals Preparation of the Hybrids of Hydrotalcites and Chitosan by Urea Method and Their Antimicrobial Activities

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bi Foua Claude Alain Gohi ◽  
Hong-Yan Zeng ◽  
Xiao-Ju Cao ◽  
Kai-Min Zou ◽  
Wenlin Shuai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Penicillium Cyclopium ◽  
Urea Method

Hybrid nano-supra molecular structured materials can boost the functionality of nano- or supra-molecular materials by providing increased reactivity and conductivity, or by simply improving their mechanical stability. Herein, the studies in materials science exploring hybrid systems are investigated from the perspective of two important related applications: healthcare and food safety. Interfacing phase strategy was applied, and ZnAl layered double hydroxide-chitosan hybrids, prepared by the urea method (U-LDH/CS), were successfully synthesized under the conditions of different chitosan(CS) concentrations with a Zn/Al molar ratio of 5.0. The structure and surface properties of the U-LDH/CS hybrids were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), ultravioletvisible (UV-Vis), and zero point charge (ZPC) techniques, where the effect of CS concentration on the structure and surface properties was investigated. The use of the U-LDH/CS hybrids as antimicrobial agents against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Penicillium cyclopium was investigated in order to clarify the relationship between microstructure and antimicrobial ability. The hybrid prepared in a CS concentration of 1.0 g∙L−1 (U-LDH/CS1) exhibited the best antimicrobial activity and exhibited average inhibition zones of 24.2, 30.4, and 22.3mm against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Penicillium cyclopium, respectively. The results showed that the appropriate addition of CS molecules could increase antimicrobial ability against microorganisms.

Survival of Bacteria in “Soul Foods” at 10-Centigrade

1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
ADELLE W. STEWART
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Farm Family ◽  
Collard Greens ◽  
Naturally Occurring

The fate of naturally occurring and added bacterial pathogens was determined in “soul foods” purchased at local supermarkets and farm families while the foods were stored under conditions simulating those used for retail distribution, home storage, and preparation before use. Viable count determinations for 10 samples at the end of a 5-day period at 10 C showed considerable decreases in comparison to the inoculum size, indicating that growth was not promoted. Escherichia coli survived in all the food samples but the populations decreased by 1 to 9 log cycles/g of food. Salmonella typhimurium survived in 59% of the food samples. Except for farm family collard greens and sausage (encased), Staphylococcus aureus remained viable in all of the foods tested an d was the only survivor in cracklings (cooked) obtained from both sources. Clostridium perfringens was detected in farm family sweet peas and 23% of the pig offal samples.

scholarly journals Structure-activity relationships of 3-substituted-5,5- diphenylhydantoins as potential antiproliferative and antimicrobial agents

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1597-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nemanja Trisovic ◽  
Bojan Bozic ◽  
Ana Obradovic ◽  
Olgica Stefanovic ◽  
Snezana Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Structure Activity Relationships ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Almost All

A series of twelve 3-substituted-5,5-diphenylhydantoins was synthesized, including some whose anticonvulsant activities have already been reported in the literature. Their antiproliferative activities against HCT-116 human colon carcinoma cells were evaluated to determine structure-activity relationships. Almost all of the compounds exhibited statistically significant antiproliferative effects at a concentration of 100 ?M, while the derivative bearing a benzyl group was active even at lower concentrations. Moreover, their in vitro antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. Only the 3-iso-propyl and 3-benzyl derivatives showed weak antibacterial activities against the Gram-positive bacterium E. faecalis and the Gram-negative bacteria E. coli ATCC 25922 and E. coli.

scholarly journals Susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from the hospital environment towards disinfectants commonly used for surfaces and medical devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 01081
Author(s):  
Samira Jaouhar ◽  
Abdelhakim El Ouali Lalami ◽  
Jawad Bouzid ◽  
Ikrame Zeouk ◽  
Khadija Bekhti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride

This study aimed to evaluate the bactericidal activity of common disinfectants used for surfaces and medical devices. Sodium hypochlorite (D1), disinfectant (D2) composed of N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine, chloride de didecyldimethylammonium, and disinfectant (D3) composed of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride and Polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, were tested against 15 strains isolated from the hospital environment and four reference bacteria. The microdilution method was performed to assess antimicrobial activity. The susceptibility was evaluated by comparing the minimum inhibitory dilution with the dilution of disinfectant recommended by the manufacture. D1 and D2 were active against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp, Corynebacterium spp, Gram-positive bacillus, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 3366, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strains but not active against Micrococcus spp, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213. D3 was ineffective against Micrococcus spp, Bacillus Gram Positive, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Therefore, D1 and D2 can eliminate most pathogenic bacteria in hospitals, in comparison to D3. It is necessary to monitor the antibacterial activity of disinfectants against reference strains but also against those usually present on surfaces. The obtained results could have promising applications in controlling the emergence of nosocomial infections.

ATUALIZAÇÃO SOBRE ETIOLOGIA E TERAPIA DAS INFECÇÕES CERVICOFACIAIS DE ORIGEM ODONTOGÊNICA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelly De Vasconcellos Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Viridans Streptococcus ◽  
Odontogenic Origin ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

RESUMO No ambiente hospitalar, percebe-se com frequência a ocorrência de casos de celulites e abscesso na região cervicofacial de origem odontogênica, principalmente relacionados ao comprometimento pulpar dos elementos dentários. Elas provêm das estruturas constituintes dos dentes e periodonto, sendo a maioria de etiologia polimicrobiana, devido à diversidade da microbiota bucal. Do grupo das bactérias aeróbias mais frequentes, causadoras dessas infeccões, destacam-se Streptococcus do grupo viridans, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus e Klebsiella pneumoniae. Dos anaeróbios destacam-se Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides, Prevotella e Fusobacterium. A terapia antimicrobiana preconizada para estas infecções inclui combinações de amoxicilina-clavulanato e metronidazol ou amoxicilina-clavulanato e clindamicina. Atualmente, observa-se uma dificuldade crescente nesses tratamentos, necessitando de múltiplos agentes antimicrobianos. Isso parece estar relacionado à ocorrência de resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos mais comuns e demanda estudos que determinem a susceptibilidade das amostras isoladas nestes processos infecciosos. Para o sucesso terapêutico, pode ser necessária a internação do paciente,  pelo risco de disseminação da infecção para outros sítios, além da ocorrência de trismo, gerando dificuldade de alimentação e necessidade do acesso endovenoso do medicamento. O tratamento consiste, de antibioticoterapia adequada, drenagem e remoção da causa, ou seja, tratamento adequado do dente envolvido, o que envolve exodontia ou tratamento endodôntico. Considerando que em muitas situações a antibioticoterapia inicial não resulta em resposta clínica favorável, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar os dados disponíveis na literatura sobre a etiologia, tratamento e evolução clínica dos quadros infecciosos cervicofaciais de origem odontogênica. Palavras-chave: Infecção cervicofacial. Infecção odontogênica. Antibioticoterapia. Celulite. Abscesso. ABSTRACT In the hospital environment, the occurrence of cases of cellulitis and abscess in the cervicofacial region of odontogenic origin is frequently observed, mainly related to the pulp involvement of the theeth. They come from the structures of the teeth and periodontium, being the majority of polymicrobial etiology, due to the diversity of the buccal microbiota. Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae are among the most common of the aerobic bacteria that cause these infections. Among the anaerobes are Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides, Prevotella and Fusobacterium. The recommended therapy for these infections include combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanate and metronidazole or amoxicillin-clavulanate and clindamycin. Currently, there is an increasing difficulty in these treatments, requiring multiple antimicrobial agents. This seems to be related to the resistance to the most common antibiotics and requires studies to determine the susceptibility of the species in these infections. For therapeutic success, it may be necessary to hospitalize the patient, the risk of dissemination of the infection to other sites, in addition to the occurrence of trismus, generating difficulty in feeding and need for intravenous drug access. The treatment consists of adequate antibiotic therapy, drainage and removal of the cause, that is, adequate treatment of the involved tooth, which involves exodontia or endodontic treatment. Considering that in many situations initial antibiotic therapy does not result in a favorable clinical response, the objective of this study is to analyze data available in the literature on the etiology, treatment and clinical evolution of cervicofacial infections of odontogenic origin. Keywords: Cervicofacial infection. Odontogenic infection. Antibiotic therapy. Cellulitis. Abscess.

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Using the Endophytic Bacterium Pantoea ananatis are Promising Antimicrobial Agents against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmina Monowar ◽  
Md. Rahman ◽  
Subhash Bhore ◽  
Gunasunderi Raju ◽  
Kathiresan Sathasivam
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pantoea Ananatis

Antibiotic resistance is one of the most important global problems currently confronting the world. Different biomedical applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have indicated them to be promising antimicrobial agents. In the present study, extracellular extract of an endophytic bacterium, Pantoea ananatis, was used for synthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Zeta potential. The antimicrobial potential of the AgNPs against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC 11632), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876), Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), and multidrug resistant (MDR) Streptococcus pneumoniae (ATCC 700677), Enterococcus faecium (ATCC 700221) Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 33592) Escherichia coli (NCTC 13351) was investigated. The synthesized spherical-shaped AgNPs with a size range of 8.06 nm to 91.32 nm exhibited significant antimicrobial activity at 6 μg/disc concentration against Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) which were found to be resistant to conventional antibiotics. The synthesized AgNPs showed promising antibacterial efficiency at 10 µg/disc concentration against the MDR strains. The present study suggests that AgNPs synthesized by using the endophytic bacterium P. ananatis are promising antimicrobial agent.

Comparative Study of the Antimicrobial Effect of Different Antibiotics Mixed with CuO, MgO and ZnO Nanoparticles in Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 1675 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Raúl Alenó ◽  
Anthony López Collazo ◽  
Eulalia Medina ◽  
Lourdes Díaz Figueroa ◽  
José I. Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
New Methods

ABSTRACTDue to the rapid advance of the emergence of resistant microorganisms to different antibiotics, there is a need to create new antimicrobial agents. It is possible that Nanotechnology has a great impact in this area since the nanoparticles can improve the antimicrobial effect of the antibiotics. In this study we used three different metal oxides nanoparticles, the MgO, ZnO and CuO. These nanoparticles were selected because their interactions leading to cell death and their optical properties. The aim of this study is to develop new methods that are more effective against resistance bacteria, developing antibacterial agents using different nanoparticles against Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC BAA-1026). This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial effects of a combination of nanoparticles together with different concentrations of three antibiotics, Gentamicin, Cephalexin and Co-Trimoxazole. The results showed that some nanoparticles are effective to inhibit growth in these microorganisms by increasing the effectiveness of the antibiotic. Therefore, the present study indicates that the combination of the nanoparticles with antibiotics may be applicable as a new antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Murrayaquinone A and 6-Methoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-carbazole-1,4(9H)-dione

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswanath Chakraborty ◽  
Suchandra Chakraborty ◽  
Chandan Saha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Naturally Occurring

The antibacterial activity of Murrayaquinone A (10), a naturally occurring carbazoloquinone alkaloid, and 6-methoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-carbazole-1,4(9H)-dione (11), a synthetic carbazoloquinone, both obtained during the development of the synthesis of Carbazomycin G, having unique quinone moiety, was studied against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilisandStaphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coliandPseudomonassp.) bacteria. Compound10showed antibacterial activities against both ofEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureuswhereas compound11indicated the activity againstStaphylococcus aureusonly. Both compounds10and11exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 50 μg mL−1againstStaphylococcus aureus.

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