scholarly journals Evaluation of Antiarthritic Potential of Methanolic Extract of Gentiana kurroo Royle

Arthritis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khan Mubashir ◽  
Bashir A. Ganai ◽  
Khalid Ghazanfar ◽  
Seema Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
The Self ◽  
Gentiana Kurroo ◽  
Systemic Disorder ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Doses

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disorder which involves the activation of immune system against the self-tissues. The main targets of this disease are the joints. Being systemic the development of this disease involves different mechanisms and thus the exact cause of this disease remains unknown. Although different drugs have been developed, none has been found to be the cure for this disease. In the current study the rat carrageenin paw was used as a model for acute inflammation and mycobacterium induced adjuvant arthritic model was used for exploring the antiarthritic potential of methanolic extract of Gentiana kurroo. In this study the different extracts tested showed less inhibition of acute inflammation than methanolic extract. The methanolic extract was further used in different doses and the anti-inflammatory efficacy was found to be dose dependent. The results obtained were significant with the control and the standard groups. In the arthritic model the methanolic extract showed decrease in the paw volume of arthritic animals and also in the arthritic symptoms. Again the results obtained were found to be significantly dose dependent. From the results obtained it can be concluded that this extract may serve as a source of drug against the rheumatoid arthritis.

scholarly journals Investigation on Anti-Inflammatory and Antiulcer Activities of Anchusa azurea Extracts and their Major Constituent Rosmarinic Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Kuruuzum-Uz ◽  
Halis Suleyman ◽  
Elif Cadirci ◽  
Zuhal Guvenalp ◽  
L. Omur Demirezer
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent

This study investigated the anti-inflammatory and antiulcer activities of different extracts from the aerial parts and the roots of Anchusa azurea Miller var. azurea (Boraginaceae), as well as their major constituent, rosmarinic acid. The extracts were water (AWa, RWa) and methanol (AMe, RMe) extracts prepared from the aerial parts and the roots of A. azurea, respectively. The AMe extract was found to exert anti-inflammatory effects; so it was evaporated to dryness and the residue was dissolved in distilled water (AMeWa) and then further fractionated with n-hexane (AMeHe) and n-butanol (AMeBu). Anti-inflammatory activity was investigated in rats using carrageenan-induced acute inflammation, and antiulcer activity was investigated using indomethacin-induced gastric damage. The methanolic extract from the aerial parts, its n-butanol fraction, and rosmarinic acid, which was isolated from the n-butanol fraction of the AMe extract, showed signifi cant dose-dependent antiinflammatory activity. During the acute phase of inflammation, the anti-inflammatory activity of rosmarinic acid was comparable to that of ibuprofen. No antiulcer activity was observed. The experimental data demonstrate that A. azurea Miller var. azurea and rosmarinic acid display significant anti-inflammatory activity.

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of the ethanolic extract of the Saussurea lappa root (costus) on adjuvant-induced monoarthritis in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hend M. Tag ◽  
Howayda E. Khaled ◽  
Hayat A.A. Ismail ◽  
Nahla S. El-Shenawy
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Saussurea Lappa ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Group 1

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by polyarticular symmetrical arthritis. The prevalence of RA is consistent worldwide, affecting about 0.5%–1.0% of the population. The aim of this study was to investigate whetherAnimals were divided into eight groups (n=5/group). Group 1 acted as control, group 2 presented the AA rats (positive control), and groups 3, 4, and 5 were treated with different doses ofThe

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Analgesic, Antipyretic & Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Various Extracts of Dried Fruit of Illicium verum Hook.f (Star anise) in Rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiza TUSEEF ◽  
Muhammad Liaquat RAZA ◽  
Tahira ASSAD
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Illicium Verum ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Doses

The current investigation was designed to evaluate the analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects of various extracts (methanol, ethanol, and aqueous) of dried fruit of Illicium verum hook.f, using 3 different doses (150, 250, and 350 mg/kg p.o) to verify the traditional uses of this spice. In the hot plate model of analgesia, ethanol extract showed a significant reduction in pain in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control group. The maximum effect was observed at 350 mg/kg dosage i.e., 16.90±0.17 s compared to the control group i.e., 5.03±0.05 s. The antipyretic activity was assessed in rats by Brewer’s yeast induction.  The methanol and ethanol extracts produced a significant reduction in rectal temperature compared to the control group throughout the three doses. The maximum effect was observed at 350 mg/kg dosage of ethanol extract i.e., 37.1±0.8* compared to the control i.e., 39.1±0.3. In the paw edema model, methanol and ethanol extracts disclosed a significant reduction in paw edema at 350 mg/kg of dose. The maximum effect was observed at 350 mg/kg dosage of ethanol extract i.e., 0.25±0.23* compared to the control i.e., 0.97±0.4. In a behavioral study, locomotor activity (rearing) and exploratory activity (grooming) in mice was reduced significantly at higher doses (350 mg/kg p.o) involving the three extracts. However, scratching was increased non-significantly at all doses compared to the control group. This study concluded that various extracts of Illicium verum hook.f showed significant analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects at different doses in a dose-dependent manner with varying potencies. The ethanol extract was found to be more potent among all, followed by methanol and aqueous extracts, whereas maximum effects were observed at 350 mg/kg of dose.

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Mollugo cerviana Methanolic Extract in LPS-induced Acute Inflammatory RAW 264.7 Macrophages

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robina Antony ◽  
Jijin Raveendran ◽  
Prabath Gopalakrishnan Biju
Keyword(s):  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: The management of acute inflammation, which arises from complex biological responses to harmful stimuli, is an important determinant in recovery of the system from an otherwise detrimental outcome such as septicemia. However, the side effects and limitations of current therapeutics necessitate the development of newer and safer alternatives. Mollugo cerviana is a common medicinal herb of the Indian subcontinent and has been traditionally used for its fever mitigating, anti-microbial and hepatoprotective action. We have already reported the rich presence of radical scavenging phytochemicals in the plant extracts and their strong antioxidant properties. Objective: In the present study, we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic extract (ME) of the areal parts of M. cerviana in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammatory cell culture model. Method: RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages cell were stimulated by the bacterial endotoxin LPS at a concentration of 1 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory potential of ME were carried out. Results: M. cerviana extract concentration up to 150 µg/ml was found to be non-toxic to cells (MTT and NRU assay). LPS induces acute inflammation by binding to TLR-4 receptors, initiating downstream signalling cascade that result in pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Extract treatment at 100 µg/ml suppressed LPS-induced gene expression (qPCR) and secretion (ELISA) of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and the chemokine CCL2, indicating a dampening of the acute inflammatory cascade. LPS-induced elevation of ROS level (DCFDA method) was significant reduced by extract treatment. Nitric oxide production, as indicated by nitrite level, was significantly reduced post extract treatment. Conclusion: From this study, it is demonstrated that M. cerviana methanolic extract has potent anti-inflammatory effect in the in vitro acute inflammation model of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. There is not reported study so far on the anti-inflammatory properties of M. cerviana in an LPS-induced acute inflammatory model which closely mimics a human bacteremia response. Hence, this study highlights the therapeutic potential of this extract as a source of anti-inflammatory lead molecules.

scholarly journals Corticotropin releasing hormone and the immune/inflammatory response

2006 ◽  
Vol 155 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S77-S84 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Mastorakos ◽  
Eftychia I Karoutsou ◽  
Maria Mizamtsidi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Aseptic Inflammation ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) acts as the major physiologic ACTH secretagog. Moreover, CRH is distributed in the brain and spinal cord, adrenal medulla, testes, ovaries, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, myometrium, endometrium, placenta, and diverse inflammatory sites. Immunoreactive CRH has been found in the cytoplasm of immune accessory cells (macrophages, endothelial cells, and tissue fibroblasts), and in inflammatory sites of both acute and chronic inflammation (synovial lining cell layers and blood vessels from the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis). Additionally, the local presence of CRH in the uveitic eyes, cytoplasm of inflammatory cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, and polymorphonuclear cells) infiltrating the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina, and choroid appears to be of pivotal importance in the process of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. Traditionally, hypothalamic CRH has been considered to act indirectly in an anti-inflammatory fashion, since the end product of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis is cortisol, a well-known anti-inflammatory compound. However, CRH produced at peripheral inflammatory sites has been shown to participate in an autocrine/paracrine stimulation of inflammation. Thus, CRH may have a peripheral, primarily activating role on the immune system. The mechanisms of the CRH-mediated component of the immune/inflammatory response are still unclear. CRH in inflammatory sites seems to be involved in the activation of the Fas/Fas ligand system. Furthermore, locally produced embryonic and endometrial CRH plays a role in both the aseptic inflammatory process of implantation and the anti-rejection process that protects the fetus from the maternal immune system. There are two types of G-protein-coupled CRH receptors (CRH-R1 and CRH-R2). Pyrrolopyrimidine compounds, such as antalarmin, have been developed as CRH-R1 receptor antagonists. Confirming the peripheral pro-inflammatory actions of CRH, antalarmin has been shown to suppress experimental aseptic inflammation. Thus, antalarmin may represent the first in a new class of anti-inflammatory agents operating through CRH-R1. Studies of CRH genetics have provided new insights on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis in humans. DNA variation across the CRH gene-containing region has been examined in families with multiple cases of rheumatoid arthritis. Transmission Disequilibrium Test analysis showed significant association at the CRH locus.

scholarly journals Scropolioside B Inhibits IL-1βand Cytokines Expression through NF-κB and Inflammasome NLRP3 Pathways

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Zhu ◽  
Liuqiang Zhang ◽  
Shuang Ling ◽  
Ju Duan ◽  
Fei Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Inflammatory Mechanism ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent

Chronic inflammation is associated with various chronic illnesses including immunity disorders, cancer, neurodegeneration, and vascular diseases. Iridoids are compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. However their anti-inflammatory mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that scropolioside B, isolated from a Tibetan medicine (Scrophularia dentataRoyle ex Benth.), blocked expressions of TNF, IL-1, and IL-32 through NF-κB pathway. Scropolioside B inhibited NF-κB activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC50values of 1.02 μmol/L. However, catalpol, similar to scropolioside B, was not effective in inhibiting NF-κB activity. Interestingly, scropolioside B and catalpol decreased the expression of NLRP3 and cardiolipin synthetase at both the mRNA and protein level. Our results showed that scropolioside B is superior in inhibiting the expression, maturation, and secretion of IL-1βcompared to catalpol. These observations provide further understanding of the anti-inflammatory effects of iridoids and highlight scropolioside B as a potential drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Licorice and Roasted Licorice Extracts on TPA-Induced Acute Inflammation and Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Rim Kim ◽  
Chan-Kwon Jeong ◽  
Kwang-Kyun Park ◽  
Jong-Hoon Choi ◽  
Jung Han Yoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Phorbol Ester ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Human Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Collagen Induced Arthritis ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Oxidative Damages ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The anti-inflammatory activity of licorice (LE) and roated licorice (rLE) extracts determined in the murine phorbol ester-induced acute inflammation model and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model of human rheumatoid arthritis. rLE possessed greater activity than LE in inhibiting phorbol ester-induced ear edema. Oral administration of LE or rLE reduced clinical arthritis score, paw swelling, and histopathological changes in a murine CIA. LE and rLE decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in serum and matrix metalloproteinase-3 expression in the joints. Cell proliferation and cytokine secretion in response to type II collagen or lipopolysaccharide stimulation were suppressed in spleen cells from LE or rLE-treated CIA mice. Furthermore, LE and rLE treatment prevented oxidative damages in liver and kidney tissues of CIA mice. Taken together, LE and rLE have benefits in protecting against both acute inflammation and chronic inflammatory conditions including rheumatoid arthritis. rLE may inhibit the acute inflammation more potently than LE.

scholarly journals The bioguided fractionation and pharmacological activity of an endemic Salix canariensis species

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Dévora Gutiérrez ◽  
Susana Abdala Kuri ◽  
Domingo Martín-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Abstract The present study was designed to confirm the wide traditional use of treating pain with Salix canariensis, an endemic species of the Macaronesian region. The active compounds were identified. Pharmacological activities were explored in experimental animals by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and Levy’s tests, and bioactive compounds were identified after a bio-guided fractionation of the most active organic extract. S. canariensis extract, orally administrated at different doses, led to a significant reduction in writhing, caused a moderate decrease of formalin-induced pain and revealed an excellent dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract suggested the possible presence of pentacyclic triterpenes from oleanane and ursane series. These findings allow the conclusion that S. canariensis exerts analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, documenting its traditional use in the treatment of pain and inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Scientific Validation of Gentiana kurroo Royle for Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Potential

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khan Mubashir ◽  
Khalid Ghazanfar ◽  
Bashir A. Ganai ◽  
Seema Akbar ◽  
Akhtar H. Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Gentiana Kurroo ◽  
Endangered Medicinal Plant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Scientific Validation ◽  
Immunomodulatory Potential

Gentiana kurroo Royle is a critically endangered medicinal plant species endemic to the northwestern Himalayas. This plant was studied for the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential. Carrageenan paw edema model was used to study the potential of the drug in inflammation in Wistar rats. SRBC specific haemagglutination titre and DTH assays were carried out in Balb/C mice for observing the effect of test drugs on immune system. The plant extracts were found to be active against inflammation. The methanolic fraction was observed to be the most effective in inhibition of paw edema with the inhibitory potential of 47.62%. In immunomodulation studies the plant extracts showed the immunosuppressant activity. Methanolic fraction was observed to have maximum potential for the suppression of both humoral (57.57% and 54.05%) and cell mediated immunity (65.27% and 75%). From these studies, it can be concluded that the extracts of plant are having anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activity. Since in chronic inflammation like arthritis there is the involvement of immune system, this plant may serve as an alternative for the treatment of autoimmune diseases like arthritis.

scholarly journals Validating potent anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid properties of Drynaria quercifolia rhizome methanolic extract through in vitro, in vivo, in silico and GC-MS-based profiling

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debabrata Modak ◽  
Subhashis Paul ◽  
Sourav Sarkar ◽  
Subarna Thakur ◽  
Soumen Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background The fronds of Drynaria quercifolia have traditionally been used in rheumatic pain management. The goal of the present study was to validate the potent anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid properties of the methanolic-extract of its rhizome using in vitro, in vivo and in silico strategies. Methods The plant was collected and the methanolic extract was prepared from its rhizome. Protein denaturation test, hypotonicity and heat-induced haemolysis assays were performed in vitro. The in vivo anti-rheumatoid potential was assessed in Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced Wistar rat model through inflammatory paw-edema, haematological, biochemical, radiological and histopathological measurements. Moreover, metabolites of methanolic extract were screened by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and 3D molecular structures of active components were utilized for in silico docking study using AutoDock. Results In vitro results evinced a significant (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity of the rhizome methanolic extract in a dose-linear response. Further, Drynaria quercifolia rhizome methanolic extract (DME) significantly ameliorated rheumatoid arthritis as indicated by the inhibition of arthritic paw-edema (in millimeter) in the rat rheumatoid arthritis models in both the low (57.71 ± 0.99, p < 0.01) and high dose groups (54.45 ± 1.30, p < 0.001) when compared to arthritic control. Treatment with DME also normalized the haematological (RBC, WBC, platelet counts and hemoglobin contents) and biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin, creatinine and ceruloplasmin) significantly (p < 0.05), which were further supported by histopathological and radiological analyses. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis of DME demonstrated the presence of 47 phytochemical compounds. Compounds like Squalene, Gamma Tocopherol, n-Hexadecanoic acid showed potent inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL-6) in the docking analysis. Conclusion Results from in vivo and in vitro studies indicated that DME possesses a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity. In silico studies delineated the emergent potent inhibitory effects of several bio-active components on the target inflammatory markers (COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6).

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