scholarly journals Effect of Soil Moisture Deficit Stress on Biomass Accumulation of Four Coffee (Coffea arabica) Varieties in Zimbabwe

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Chemura ◽  
Caleb Mahoya ◽  
Pardon Chidoko ◽  
Dumisani Kutywayo
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Initial Root ◽  
Moisture Deficit Stress

A study was conducted to evaluate four common coffee (Coffea arabica) varieties in Zimbabwe for drought tolerance and ability to recover. The plants were subjected to drought stress for 21 and 28 days with evaluation of recovery done 14 days after interruptive irrigation. Coffee varieties were not significantly different in initial fresh and dry biomass before stressing (P>0.05). CR95 had significantly accumulated more (P<0.05)dry root mass (0.8 g) than the rest of the varieties after 21 days of drought stress. SL28 and CR95 had an 8.3% increase in dry biomass while Cat128 did not gain any dry biomass after 21 days of drought stress. CR95 had significantly more (P<0.05) total dry biomass after 21 days and 28 days of drought stress while SL28 was consistently the least in both periods. Cat129 had the highest recovery gains in dry root, dry shoot, and total dry biomass after 21 days and 28 days of drought stress. Initial root biomass was negatively correlated with changes in total fresh and dry biomass of young coffee (r>0.60) after both 21 and 28 days of drought stress, indicating that root biomass may be the most important factor determining drought tolerance in coffee varieties.

Physiological traits reveal potential for identification of drought tolerant mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes under moderate soil-moisture deficit

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susheel Kumar Raina ◽  
Jagadish Rane ◽  
Nikhil Raskar ◽  
Ajay Kumar Singh ◽  
Ajay Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Moisture Deficit Stress

Canopy temperature is an important physiological trait used for screening drought tolerance in several crop plants. Mungbean being often exposed to post-flowering drought,we evaluated a set of 48 genotypes for variability in post-flowering canopy temperature and its association with root traits and other physiological parameters contributing to drought tolerance under soil-moisture deficit stress conditions. Overall, canopy temperature depression revealed significant association with seed yield. Root traits like number of lateral branches and dry root weight exhibited significant negative correlation with canopy temperature. Leaf SPAD readings were positively associated with grain yield and most of the high SPAD genotypes maintained hot canopies under drought. Some genotypes with contrasting variation in SPAD levels (DMG-1050 and SML-1628) maintained their photosystem PSII health at par. Moreover, cool canopy was no guarantee for better PSII health or vice versa. This study identified some cool canopy genotypes (VC-6173-C, IC-325770 and ML-2082) and a genotype (DMG-1050) with novel trait combinations like high SPAD and better PSII health despite high canopy temperature which can be used as donors in mungbean breeding programs. Present study explores genetic variation in these adaptation traits contributing to plant performance under soil-moisture deficit stress conditions and potential of physiological breeding approaches for genetic enhancement of this legume crop.

scholarly journals Surprising Drought Tolerance of Fir (Abies) Species between Past Climatic Adaptation and Future Projections Reveals New Chances for Adaptive Forest Management

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Csaba Mátyás ◽  
František Beran ◽  
Jaroslav Dostál ◽  
Jiří Čáp ◽  
Martin Fulín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Climatic Scenarios ◽  
Unique Potential

Research Highlights: Data of advanced-age provenance tests were reanalyzed applying a new approach, to directly estimate the growth of populations at their original sites under individually generated future climates. The results revealed the high resilience potential of fir species. Background and Objectives: The growth and survival of silver fir under future climatic scenarios are insufficiently investigated at the xeric limits. The selective signature of past climate determining the current and projected growth was investigated to analyze the prospects of adaptive silviculture and assisted transfer of silver fir populations, and the introduction of non-autochthonous species. Materials and Methods: Hargreaves’ climatic moisture deficit was selected to model height responses of adult populations. Climatic transfer distance was used to assess the relative drought stress of populations at the test site, relating these to the past conditions to which the populations had adapted. ClimateEU and ClimateWNA pathway RCP8.5 data served to determine individually past, current, and future moisture deficit conditions. Besides silver fir, other fir species from South Europe and the American Northwest were also tested. Results: Drought tolerance profiles explained the responses of transferred provenances and predicted their future performance and survival. Silver fir displayed significant within-species differentiation regarding drought stress response. Applying the assumed drought tolerance limit of 100 mm relative moisture deficit, most of the tested silver fir populations seem to survive their projected climate at their origin until the end of the century. Survival is likely also for transferred Balkan fir species and for grand fir populations, but not for the Mediterranean species. Conclusions: The projections are less dramatic than provided by usual inventory assessments, considering also the resilience of populations. The method fills the existing gap between experimentally determined adaptive response and the predictions needed for management decisions. It also underscores the unique potential of provenance tests.

scholarly journals Surprising Drought Tolerance of Fir (Abies) Species between Past Climatic Adaptation and Future Projections Reveals New Chances for Adaptive Forest Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Mátyás ◽  
Jaroslav Dostál ◽  
František Beran ◽  
Jiří Čáp ◽  
Martin Fulín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Climatic Scenarios ◽  
Unique Potential

Research Highlights: Data of advanced-age provenance tests were reanalyzed applying a new approach, to directly estimate the growth of populations at their original sites under individually generated future climates. The results reveal surprisingly high resilience potential of fir species. Background and Objectives: The growth and survival of silver fir under future climatic scenarios is insufficiently investigated at the xeric limits. The selective signature of past climate determining the current and projected growth was investigated to analyze the prospects of adaptive silviculture and assisted transfer of silver fir populations, and of the introduction of non-autochthonous species. Materials and Methods: Hargreaves&rsquo; climatic moisture deficit was selected to model height responses of adult populations. Climatic transfer distance was used to assess the relative drought stress of populations at the test site, relating these to the past conditions to which the populations had adapted. ClimateEU and ClimateWNA pathway RCP8.5 data served to determine individually past, current, and future moisture deficit conditions. Beside silver fir, other fir species from South Europe and the American Northwest were also tested. Results: Drought tolerance profiles explained the responses of transferred provenances and predicted their future performance and survival. Silver fir displayed significant within-species differentiation regarding drought stress response. Applying the assumed drought tolerance limit of 100mm relative moisture deficit, most of the tested silver fir populations seem to survive their projected climate at their origin until the end of the century. Survival is likely also for transferred Balkan fir species and for grand fir populations, but not for the Mediterranean species. Conclusions: The projections are less dramatic than provided by usual field assessments. Some results contradict generally accepted concepts. The method fills the existing gap between experimentally determined adaptive response and the predictions needed for management decisions. It also underscores the unique potential of provenance tests.

scholarly journals Preliminary Variations in Physiological Modules When <i>sub</i>1<i>A</i> QTL Is under Soil-Moisture Deficit Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 732-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indraneel Saha ◽  
Arnab Kumar De ◽  
Arijit Ghosh ◽  
Bipul Sarkar ◽  
Narottam Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Moisture Deficit Stress

scholarly journals Effects of drought stress on growth, grain filling duration, yield and quality attributes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alghabari ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Ihsan
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Grain Filling Duration

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of drought stress at start of anthesis (applied by adjusting the field capacities at 100, 50 and 30%) on barley growth, grain filling duration, grain shape, yield and quality attributes. The effect of drought stress was more prominent on plant fresh biomass accumulation, grain yield and grain filling duration. However, it produced non-significant effect on total number of tillers and grain protein contents. With the increasing intensity of drought stress, barley growth and yield traits significantly diminished. Water stress gradually shortened the plant height and biomass accumulation but the difference was more prominent in fresh biomass accumulation (– 45%) over dry biomass accumulation. The field capacity of 30% caused 29 - 41% reduction in leaf chlorophyll content and 10 - 27% in grain quality traits. Root fresh and dry biomass accumulation decreased by drought stress while root length increased. Drought stress produced uneven grain size that resulted in lower grain yield (42%) specially at 30% field capacity. This reduction in yield was also due to the decreased grain filling duration (38 d) at 30% field capacity as compared to 100% field capacity. So, it may be concluded that drought stress affected barley yield through impaired grain development and grain filling duration. The results of present study are satisfactory and needed further exploration about the physiological mechanism and management strategies to overcome drought stress related yield losses in barley crop.

scholarly journals Immature Loblolly Pine Growth and Biomass Accumulation: Correlations with Seedlings Initial First-Order Lateral Roots

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul P. Kormanik ◽  
Shi-Jean S. Sung ◽  
Stanley J. Zarnoch
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Initial Root ◽  
Tree Development

Abstract Five to seven years after being graded by first-order lateral root (FOLR) numbers and outplanted, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were excavated using a commercial tree spade and root systems re-evaluated. Current competitive position of trees was related to initial FOLR numbers of 1-0 seedlings. Current FOLR numbers were comparable among tree size classes, but root diameters where the spade severed the root were different. The dominant and codominant individuals had much larger FOLR cross sectional area at the severed point. The larger diameter laterals allow exploration of larger soil volume since they extended greater distances from the tree. Root biomass allometric equations were developed from excavating 175 individuals in 3 separate plantations. Root biomass was readily predicted based on either stem diameter breast height squared (D²H), or total aboveground biomass. Approximately 75% of standing tree biomass was aboveground and 25% belowground for all initial root grades, current crown classes, and sites. Subsoil compaction layers appeared to have a major impact on tree development at any specific location within a plantation. Compaction layers affected heights and diameters but not root/top ratios or the relative competition position based on initial FOLR numbers. These compaction layers resulted in plate-like taproots that suggested further root penetration was unlikely. South. J. Appl. For. 22(2):117-123.

scholarly journals Regulation of antioxidant mechanisms by AtDREB1A improves soil-moisture deficit stress tolerance in transgenic peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e0216706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiren Bhalani ◽  
Radhakrishnan Thankappan ◽  
Gyan P. Mishra ◽  
Tanmoy Sarkar ◽  
Tejas C. Bosamia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms ◽  
Moisture Deficit Stress ◽  
Transgenic Peanut
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