scholarly journals The Treatment of PPCP-Containing Sewage in an Anoxic/Aerobic Reactor Coupled with a Novel Design of Solid Plain Graphite-Plates Microbial Fuel Cell

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Tang Chang ◽  
Chu-Wen Yang ◽  
Yu-Jie Chang ◽  
Ting-Chieh Chang ◽  
Da-Jiun Wei
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Aerobic Reactor ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Novel Design

Synthetic sewage containing high concentrations of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs, mg/L level) was treated using an anoxic/aerobic (A/O) reactor coupled with a microbial fuel cell (MFC) at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8 h. A novel design of solid plain graphite plates (SPGRPs) was used for the high surface area biodegradation of the PPCP-containing sewage and for the generation of electricity. The averageCODCrand total nitrogen removal efficiencies achieved were 97.20% and 83.75%, respectively. High removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals, including acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and sulfamethoxazole, were also obtained and ranged from 98.21% to 99.89%. A maximum power density of 532.61 mW/cm2and a maximum coulombic efficiency of 25.20% were measured for the SPGRP MFC at the anode. Distinct differences in the bacterial community were presented at various locations including the mixed liquor suspended solids and biofilms. The bacterial groups involved in PPCP biodegradation were identified asDechloromonasspp.,Sphingomonassp., andPseudomonas aeruginosa. This design, which couples an A/O reactor with a novel design of SPGRP MFC, allows the simultaneous removal of PPCPs and successful electricity production.

scholarly journals Denitrification of water in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) using seawater bacteria

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samrat MVV Naga ◽  
Rao K Kesava ◽  
Bernardo Ruggeri ◽  
Tonia Tommasi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Buffering Agent ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe sea contains various microbes which have an ability to reduce and oxidize substances like iron, sulphur, and nitrate. Most of these processes happen in the seawater, but can also be applied for purification of wastewater. In the present work, a consortium of seawater bacteria has been used for the first time in a microbial fuel cell to reduce nitrate in synthetic water samples and produce electricity by oxidizing organic matter. The concentrations ofandwere reduced to well below their permissible limits. Moreover, the growth of the bacterial consortium at cathode causes an increased electricity production in the cell because of the increased bacterial activity. The performance of the cell with a bicarbonate buffered solution (BBS) at the cathode was superior to that obtained with the commonly used phosphate buffered solution (PBS). As BBS is the natural buffering agent found in the sea, the use of BBS is eco-friendly. The same seawater bacterial consortium could be used at both the anode and the cathode, confirming their adaptability to different environments. Unfortunately, denitrification was accompanied by the generation of high concentrations ofat the anode and the cathode, probably because of the use of N2gas for sparging the anolyte. This aspect merits further investigation.

Continuous electricity production from leachate in a novel upflow air-cathode membrane-free microbial fuel cell

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Zhang ◽  
Q. L. Zhao ◽  
S. J. You ◽  
J. Q. Jiang ◽  
N. Q. Ren
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Air Cathode

In this study, a novel microbial fuel cell, i.e. upflow air-cathode membrane-free microbial fuel cell (UAMMFC) was reported and its performance in electricity generation from original leachate was examined. The experimental results demonstrated that the UAMMFC could continuously generate electricity from leachate (0.3V; REX=150 Ω) for an operational period of time (50 h). The maximum volumetric power reached 12.8 W/m3 at current density of 41 A/m3 (93 Ω). NH4+-N elimination from the leachate was shown to be a consequence of electrochemistry-independent oxidation occurred in the MFC. Increasing organic loading rate from 0.65 to 5.2 kgCOD/m3 d resulted in a decrease of overall Coulombic efficiency (CE) from 14.4% to 1.2%. The low CE obtained here should be attributed to severe oxygen diffusion from the open-to-air cathode.

Electricity Production from Dual Chambers Microbial Fuel Cell Fed with Chicken Manure-Wastewater

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Ali J. Jaeel
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Livestock Wastewater ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Resistance Value

Chicken manure wastewaters are increasingly being considered a valuable resource of organic compounds. Screened chicken manure was evaluated as a representative solid organic waste. In this study, electricity generation from livestock wastewater (chicken manure) was investigated in a continuous mediator-less horizontal flow microbial fuel cell with graphite electrodes and a selective type of membrane separating the anodic and cathodic compartments of MFC from each other. The performance of MFC was evaluated to livestock wastewater using aged anaerobic sludge. Results revealed that COD and BOD removal efficiencies were up to 88% and 82%, respectively. At an external resistance value of 150 Ω, a maximum power and current densities of 278 m.W/m2 and 683 mA/m2, respectively were obtained, hence MFC utilizing livestock wastewater would be a sustainable and reliable source of bio-energy generation .

Pilot Scale Testing of a New Radium-226 Removal Process

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
W.B. Anderson ◽  
P.M. Huck ◽  
T.M.R. Meadley ◽  
T.P. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Barium Chloride ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
New Process ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
New Treatment

Abstract This paper describes the on-going pilot scale development of a new treatment process designed to remove radium-226 from uranium milling effluents. Presently, decants from Canadian uranium mining and milling tailings areas are treated with barium chloride to remove radium-226 prior to discharge into the environment. This is usually accomplished in large natural or man-made ponds which provide an opportunity for a (Ba,Ra)SO4 precipitate to form and subsequently settle. Sand filtration is sometimes used as a polishing step. This new process differs from conventional and other experimental processes in that it involves the use of a fluidized bed to facilitate the deposition of a (Ba,Ra)SO4 precipitate on a granular medium of high surface area. As a stand-alone treatment process, the new process is consistently able to reduce incoming radium-226 activity levels by 90-99%. Effluent levels of 10 pCi/L (0.370 Bq/L) or less have been achieved, depending on the influent activity levels. Recent testing of the process as a polishing step has demonstrated radium removal efficiencies up to 60% when the process influent was already less than 5 pCi/L (0.185 Bq/L). The process has been operated at temperatures ranging from 26°C down to 0.3°C with no reduction in efficiency. In contrast to treatment times in the order of days for conventional settling pond systems and hours for mechanical stirred tank/filtration systems, the new process is able to achieve these radium removal efficiencies in times on the order of one minute.

Novel design of high-surface-area poly-hollow alumina spheres via a facile ball dropping method based on particle-stabilized emulsions

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (17) ◽  
pp. 22940-22947
Author(s):  
Yajie Li ◽  
Ke Gan ◽  
Wenlong Huo ◽  
Kele Liu ◽  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Novel Design

scholarly journals Electricity Production by the Application of a Low Voltage DC-DC Boost Converter to a Continuously Operating Flat-Plate Microbial Fuel Cell

Energies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Song ◽  
Hitesh Boghani ◽  
Hong Kim ◽  
Byung Kim ◽  
Taeho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Electricity Production

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF BIOELECTRICITY-MICROBIAL FUEL CELL FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION: PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION AND CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (5-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zul Hasrizal Bohari ◽  
Nur Asyhikin Azhari ◽  
Nuraina Nasuha Ab Rahman ◽  
Mohamad Faizal Baharom ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Jali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Right

Energy trending lately shown the need of new possible renewable energy. This paper studies about the capability and capacity generating of electricity by using Bio-electricity-Microbial Fuel Cell (Bio-MFC). Bio-MFC is the device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy by using microbes that exist in the sewage water. The energy contained in organic matter can be converted into useful electrical power. MFC can be operated by microbes that transfer electrons from anode to cathode for generating electricity. There are two major goals in this study. The first goal is to determine the performance characteristics of MFCs in this application. Specifically we investigate the relationship between the percentages of organic matter in a sample results in higher electricity production of MFCs power by that sample. As a result, the sewage (wastewater) chosen in the second series experiment because the sewage (wastewater) also produced the highest percentage of organic matter which is around 10%. Due to these, the higher percentage of organic matter corresponds to higher electricity production. The second goal is to determine the condition under which MFC work most efficiently to generating electricity. After get the best result of the combination for the electrode, which is combination of zinc and copper (900mV),the third series of experiments was coducted, that show the independent variable was in the ambient temperature. The reasons of these observations will be explained throughout the paper. The study proved that the electricity production of MFC can be increased by selecting the right condition of sample type, temperature and type of electrode. 

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