scholarly journals Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Antifertility Effect ofArtemisia kopetdaghensis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood Oliaee ◽  
Mohammad Taher Boroushaki ◽  
Naiime Oliaee ◽  
Ahmad Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Cho Cells ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Cho Cell ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
L929 Fibroblast ◽  
Duration Of Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

To date, there is no report on safety ofArtemisia Kopetdaghensis. This study aimed to determine the possible undesirable effects ofA. Kopetdaghensison reproduction of female rats. The pregnant rats were treated (i.p.) with vehicle or 200 and 400 mg/kg ofA. Kopetdaghensishydroalcoholic extract from the 2nd to 8th day of pregnancy. Then, number and weight of neonates, duration of pregnancy, and percent of dead fetuses were determined. Also, cytotoxicity of this plant was tested using fibroblast (L929) and ovary (Cho) cell lines. TheA. Kopetdaghensishad no significant effect on duration of pregnancy, average number of neonates, and weight of neonates. However, administration of 200 and 400 mg/kg of the extract led to 30 and 44% abortion in animals, respectively. The extract at concentrations ≥200 μg/mL significantly (P<0.001) inhibited the proliferation of L929 fibroblast cells. Regarding the Cho cells, the extract induced toxicity only at concentration of 800 μg/mL (P<0.01). Our results showed that continuous consumption ofA. Kopetdaghensisin pregnancy may increase the risk of abortion and also may have toxic effect on some cells.

Pulmonary vascular reactivity is blunted in pregnant rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Fuchs ◽  
L. G. Moore ◽  
S. Rounds
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Constant Flow Rate ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pulmonary arterial pressure is decreased in pregnant women despite increased cardiac output, suggesting that pulmonary vascular resistance is decreased in pregnancy. To determine if pulmonary vascular reactivity is decreased in pregnant rats, lungs isolated from pregnant rats were perfused with blood from other pregnant rats at constant flow rate, and pressor responses to airway hypoxia and to angiotensin II were measured. Compared with responses obtained in lungs from nonpregnant female rats, hypoxic and angiotensin II pressor responses were blunted in pregnancy. To separate possible effects of pregnancy on the lung from those of substance(s) circulating in the blood in pregnancy, we perfused lungs from nonpregnant rats with blood from pregnant rats. Both the hypoxic and angiotensin II pressor responses were blunted by blood from pregnant rats. The angiotensin II pressor response was blunted also in lungs from pregnant rats perfused with blood from nonpregnant rats. These results suggest that a circulating substance is responsible for blunting of pulmonary vascular reactivity in pregnancy and that changes in the lung induced by pregnancy also depress angiotensin II responses. It is unlikely that estrogen and progesterone were responsible for these effects, since lungs and blood obtained from animals treated with these hormones did not have blunted pulmonary vascular reactivity.

VARIATION OF THE ENZYMES OF THE UREA CYCLE AND ASPARTATE TRANSCARBAMYLASE IN LIVER OF PREGNANT RATS

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1371-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Roberge ◽  
R. Charbonneau ◽  
L. Berlinguet
Keyword(s):  
Orotic Acid ◽  
Urea Cycle ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Urea Synthesis ◽  
Aspartate Transcarbamylase ◽  
Carbamyl Phosphate ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
In Pregnancy

The variations in the specific activities of the enzymes of the urea cycle were studied in the livers of pregnant rats and also in the livers of male rats and other females with the same body weight. The specific activities of the five enzymes of the urea cycle are the same in male and in female except for argininosuccinase. The activity of this enzyme is twice as high in female rats as in male rats. In pregnancy, the activities of the enzymes of the urea cycle are decreased except for arginase, which increases. Aspartate transcarbamylase remains constant during the same period.These results lead to the supposition that another pathway for the synthesis of orotic acid may exist, or more probably that there exist two carbamyl phosphate synthetases, one for pyrimidine biosynthesis and one for urea synthesis.

Modification of Pineal Ultrastructure by Exogenous Hormones

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 170-171
Author(s):  
R. A. Turner ◽  
A. E. Rodin ◽  
D. K. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Gonadal Atrophy ◽  
Pineal Ultrastructure

There have been many reports which establish a relationship between the pineal and sexual structures, including gonadal hypertrophy after pinealectomy, and gonadal atrophy after injection of pineal homogenates or of melatonin. In order to further delineate this relationship the pineals from 5 groups of female rats were studied by electron microscopy:ControlsPregnant ratsAfter 4 weekly injections of 0.1 mg. estradiol benzoate.After 8 daily injections of 150 mcgm. melatonin (pineal hormone).After 8 daily injections of 3 mg. serotonin (melatonin precursor).No ultrastructural differences were evident between the control, and the pregnancy and melatonin groups. However, the estradiol injected animals exhibited a marked increase in the amount and size of rough endoplasmic reticulum within the pineal cells.

scholarly journals Recombinant γY278H Fibrinogen Showed Normal Secretion from CHO Cells, but a Corresponding Heterozygous Patient Showed Hypofibrinogenemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5218
Author(s):  
Tomu Kamijo ◽  
Takahiro Kaido ◽  
Masahiro Yoda ◽  
Shinpei Arai ◽  
Kazuyoshi Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cho Cells ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cho Cell ◽  
Accelerated Degradation ◽  
Heterozygous Patient

We identified a novel heterozygous hypofibrinogenemia, γY278H (Hiroshima). To demonstrate the cause of reduced plasma fibrinogen levels (functional level: 1.12 g/L and antigenic level: 1.16 g/L), we established γY278H fibrinogen-producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that synthesis of γY278H fibrinogen inside CHO cells and secretion into the culture media were not reduced. Then, we established an additional five variant fibrinogen-producing CHO cell lines (γL276P, γT277P, γT277R, γA279D, and γY280C) and conducted further investigations. We have already established 33 γ-module variant fibrinogen-producing CHO cell lines, including 6 cell lines in this study, but only the γY278H and γT277R cell lines showed disagreement, namely, recombinant fibrinogen production was not reduced but the patients’ plasma fibrinogen level was reduced. Finally, we performed fibrinogen degradation assays and demonstrated that the γY278H and γT277R fibrinogens were easily cleaved by plasmin whereas their polymerization in the presence of Ca2+ and “D:D” interaction was normal. In conclusion, our investigation suggested that patient γY278H showed hypofibrinogenemia because γY278H fibrinogen was secreted normally from the patient’s hepatocytes but then underwent accelerated degradation by plasmin in the circulation.

An experimental study of the influences of tobacco smoke on fertility and reproduction

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Florek ◽  
Andrzej Marszalek
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Initial Number ◽  
Cigarette Brand ◽  
Duration Of Pregnancy ◽  
Parent Generation

1 The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicological influence of tobacco smoke on fertility and reproduction of Wistar female rats. The influence of tobacco smoke from the Polish ‘Popularne’ cigarette brand was studied. The experiment was conducted on three generations of animals, each generation having two litters. The initial number of animals of the parent generation FO was 192 (128 females and 64 males). Animals were passively exposed to tobacco smoke in three different concentrations based on the content of carbon monoxide (500, 1000 and 1500 mg of CO per cubic meter of air). Animals were exposed to tobacco smoke for 6 h a day, 5 days a week, during 11 weeks. 2 The analysis of indices of mating and fertility revealed the decrease in those indices with animals exposed to tobacco smoke. We also observed an increased number of mothers breading among animals exposed to tobacco smoke. In animals exposed to tobacco smoke, the dose-effect or dose-response dependencies for mating, fertility and delivery indices were found. There was no influence of tobacco smoke on the duration of pregnancy. 3 Tobacco smoke inhalation caused increased levels of carboxyhaemoglobin. 4 Tobacco smoke did not change the duration of pregnancy in rats.

PLASMA PROLACTIN AND PROGESTERONE RESPONSES TO MATING ARE ALTERED IN AGED RATS

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. HENDRICKS ◽  
C. A. BLAKE
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
External Jugular Vein ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

The effects of varying amounts of copulatory stimulation on patterns of plasma concentrations of prolactin and progesterone were evaluated in 3- and 12-month-old female rats. The 12-month-old group included rats which still exhibited oestrous cycles and rats in persistent vaginal oestrus (PVO). The extent of copulatory stimulation was defined by the number of intromissions received during mating: ≤5,15 or > 50. Blood samples were drawn over the 8 days after mating through a cannula inserted into the right external jugular vein. Plasma from the samples was assayed for prolactin and progesterone. In aged but still cyclic rats, pregnancy rates were positively correlated with the number of intromissions received during mating. Only one rat in PVO became pregnant. All animals which became pregnant and rats in PVO which, after mating, exhibited a disruption of the pattern of PVO, showed the nocturnal surge of plasma prolactin characteristic of pregnant and pseudopregnant rats. While these surges persisted until day 8 after mating in pregnant animals, they were absent by this time in the rats in PVO. Prolactin surges were present in some but not all of the aged rats which did not become pregnant. Progesterone concentrations were raised in all pregnant animals except the one pregnant rat in PVO and, while not related to the number of intromissions, concentrations were higher 8 days after mating in young compared with those in aged pregnant rats. Plasma progesterone was low in rats in PVO regardless of disruption of the pattern of PVO. We have concluded that the failure of limited copulatory stimulation to induce pregnancy in older rats results, at least in part, from its failure to initiate nocturnal prolactin surges. Nevertheless, our data suggest that matings which are not experimentally limited should provide ample stimulation to establish such surges. Although reduced plasma concentrations of prolactin and progesterone at pro-oestrus and reduced plasma progesterone through part of gestation may contribute to decreasing fertility in aged rats, other unidentified factors appear to be involved in mediating the capacity of extensive copulatory stimulation to induce pregnancy in these animals.

METABOLISM OF 20β-HYDROXY-4-PREGNEN-3-ONE IN UTERINE TISSUE OF NON-PREGNANT RATS IN VITRO

1976 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Lisboa ◽  
M. Holtermann
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Progesterone Metabolites ◽  
Ovariectomized Adult Rats

ABSTRACT In vitro experiments carried out with uterus preparations of ovariectomized adult rats indicate the presence in this tissue of a 20β-hydroxysteroid-oxidoreductase which catalyzes the conversion of 20β-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one to progesterone. Since a hepatic 20β-hydroxysteroid-oxidoreductase is absent in adult female rats, the myometrial enzyme can be responsible for the biological activity of 20β-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one in these animals. Besides progesterone five metabolites were isolated and identified after incubation of [4-14C]20β-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one with uterine tissue: 20β-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-3-one, 20β-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-3-one, 5α-pregnane-3α,20β-diol, 4-pregnene-3α,20β-diol and 4-pregnene-3β,20β-diol. The conversion of 20β-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one to progesterone permits us to regard all five steroids isolated as progesterone metabolites in the rat uterus. 20β-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-3-one is the first C21-metabolite with a 5β(H)-configuration isolated in the rat uterus, which indicates the presence of 5β-reductase in this tissue.

Cytocompatibility property evaluation of gas pressure sintered SiAlON–SiC composites with L929 fibroblast cells and Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar ◽  
Awadesh Kumar Mallik ◽  
Nurcan Calis Acikbas ◽  
Merve Yaygıngol ◽  
Ferhat Kara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
L929 Fibroblast ◽  
Sic Composites
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