scholarly journals DWI-Based Neural Fingerprinting Technology: A Preliminary Study on Stroke Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenfei Ye ◽  
Heather Ting Ma ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Pengfei Yang ◽  
Xuhui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Stroke Subtype ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Stroke is a common neural disorder in neurology clinics. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important tool to assess the neural physiological changes under stroke, such as diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Quantitative analysis of MRI images would help medical doctors to localize the stroke area in the diagnosis in terms of structural information and physiological characterization. However, current quantitative approaches can only provide localization of the disorder rather than measure physiological variation of subtypes of ischemic stroke. In the current study, we hypothesize that each kind of neural disorder would have its unique physiological characteristics, which could be reflected by DWI images on different gradients. Based on this hypothesis, a DWI-based neural fingerprinting technology was proposed to classify subtypes of ischemic stroke. The neural fingerprint was constructed by the signal intensity of the region of interest (ROI) on the DWI images under different gradients. The fingerprint derived from the manually drawn ROI could classify the subtypes with accuracy 100%. However, the classification accuracy was worse when using semiautomatic and automatic method in ROI segmentation. The preliminary results showed promising potential of DWI-based neural fingerprinting technology in stroke subtype classification. Further studies will be carried out for enhancing the fingerprinting accuracy and its application in other clinical practices.

Association Study Between White Matter Microstructure and Intelligence Decline in Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
pp. 155005942110633
Author(s):  
Junya Matsumoto ◽  
Kenichiro Miura ◽  
Masaki Fukunaga ◽  
Kiyotaka Nemoto ◽  
Daisuke Koshiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Patients with schizophrenia can exhibit intelligence decline, which is an important element of cognitive impairment. Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated that patients with schizophrenia have altered gray matter structures and functional connectivity associated with intelligence decline defined by a difference between premorbid and current intelligence quotients (IQs). However, it has remained unclear whether white matter microstructures are related to intelligence decline. In the present study, the indices of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) obtained from 138 patients with schizophrenia and 554 healthy controls were analyzed. The patients were classified into three subgroups based on intelligence decline: deteriorated (94 patients), preserved (42 patients), and compromised IQ (2 patients) groups. Given that the DTI of each subject was acquired using either one of two different MRI scanners, we analyzed DTI indices separately for each scanner group. In the comparison between the deteriorated IQ group and the healthy controls, differences in some DTI indices were noted in three regions of interest irrespective of the MRI scanners, whereas differences in only one region of interest were noted between the preserved IQ group and the healthy controls. However, the comparisons between the deteriorated and preserved IQ groups did not show any reproducible differences. Together with the previous findings, it is thought that gray matter structures and functional connectivity are more promising as markers of intelligence decline in schizophrenia than white matter microstructures.

scholarly journals Meyer’s Loop Anatomy Demonstrated Using Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging and Fiber Tractography at 3T

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Goga ◽  
Zeynep Firat ◽  
Klara Brinzaniuc ◽  
Is Florian
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Fiber Tractography ◽  
Brain Images ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Software Release ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Meyer’S Loop

Abstract Objective: The ultimate anatomy of the Meyer’s loop continues to elude us. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) may be able to demonstrate, in vivo, the anatomy of the complex network of white matter fibers surrounding the Meyer’s loop and the optic radiations. This study aims at exploring the anatomy of the Meyer’s loop by using DTI and fiber tractography. Methods: Ten healthy subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with DTI at 3 T. Using a region-of-interest (ROI) based diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tracking software (Release 2.6, Achieva, Philips), sequential ROI were placed to reconstruct visual fibers and neighboring projection fibers involved in the formation of Meyer’s loop. The 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructed fibers were visualized by superimposition on 3-planar MRI brain images to enhance their precise anatomical localization and relationship with other anatomical structures. Results: Several projection fiber including the optic radiation, occipitopontine/parietopontine fibers and posterior thalamic peduncle participated in the formation of Meyer’s loop. Two patterns of angulation of the Meyer’s loop were found. Conclusions: DTI with DTT provides a complimentary, in vivo, method to study the details of the anatomy of the Meyer’s loop.

scholarly journals Joint Assessment of Structural, Perfusion, and Diffusion MRI in Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Norbert Schuff ◽  
Christopher Ching ◽  
Duygu Tosun ◽  
Wang Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Multimodal Mri ◽  
Imaging Markers ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Joint Assessment ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Most MRI studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have assessed structural, perfusion and diffusion abnormalities separately while ignoring the relationships across imaging modalities. This paper aimed to assess brain gray (GM) and white matter (WM) abnormalities jointly to elucidate differences in abnormal MRI patterns between the diseases. Twenty AD, 20 FTD patients, and 21 healthy control subjects were imaged using a 4 Tesla MRI. GM loss and GM hypoperfusion were measured using high-resolution T1 and arterial spin labeling MRI (ASL-MRI). WM degradation was measured with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Using a new analytical approach, the study found greater WM degenerations in FTD than AD at mild abnormality levels. Furthermore, the GM loss and WM degeneration exceeded the reduced perfusion in FTD whereas, in AD, structural and functional damages were similar. Joint assessments of multimodal MRI have potential value to provide new imaging markers for improved differential diagnoses between FTD and AD.

Imaging of feeding and eating disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 1075-1086
Author(s):  
Natalie Kurniadi ◽  
Christina E. Wierenga ◽  
Laura A. Berner ◽  
Walter H. Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Feeding And Eating Disorders ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Diffusion

The conceptual framework regarding the aetiology of eating disorders (EDs) has changed dramatically in recent decades. Cutting-edge neuroimaging techniques have led to advancements in understanding the underlying neurobiology of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). Techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) allow the opportunity to examine not only structural, but also functional, abnormalities that contribute to extreme eating behaviours characteristic of these life-threatening disorders. Furthermore, research using imaging paradigms suggests that variations in neurobiology are associated with traits that persist after recovery. This chapter will provide insights regarding neural pathways involved in the processing of appetite, reward, mood, body perception, and cognitive inhibition as they pertain to EDs. Findings relevant to feeding disorders will also be discussed. Conclusions will include considerations of treatment applications and directions for future research.

scholarly journals Scan–rescan and inter-vendor reproducibility of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging metrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-494
Author(s):  
Christina Andica ◽  
Koji Kamagata ◽  
Takuya Hayashi ◽  
Akifumi Hagiwara ◽  
Wataru Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
Dispersion Index ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Abstract Purpose The reproducibility of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) metrics in the human brain has not been explored across different magnetic resonance (MR) scanners from different vendors. This study aimed to evaluate the scan–rescan and inter-vendor reproducibility of NODDI metrics in white and gray matter of healthy subjects using two 3-T MR scanners from two vendors. Methods Ten healthy subjects (7 males; mean age 30 ± 7 years, range 23–37 years) were included in the study. Whole-brain diffusion-weighted imaging was performed with b-values of 1000 and 2000 s/mm2 using two 3-T MR scanners from two different vendors. Automatic extraction of the region of interest was performed to obtain NODDI metrics for whole and localized areas of white and gray matter. The coefficient of variation (CoV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to assess the scan–rescan and inter-vendor reproducibilities of NODDI metrics. Results The scan–rescan and inter-vendor reproducibility of NODDI metrics (intracellular volume fraction and orientation dispersion index) were comparable with those of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics. However, the inter-vendor reproducibilities of NODDI (CoV = 2.3–14%) were lower than the scan–rescan reproducibility (CoV: scanner A = 0.8–3.8%; scanner B = 0.8–2.6%). Compared with the finding of DTI metrics, the reproducibility of NODDI metrics was lower in white matter and higher in gray matter. Conclusion The lower inter-vendor reproducibility of NODDI in some brain regions indicates that data acquired from different MRI scanners should be carefully interpreted.

White matter microstructural abnormalities in families multiply affected with bipolar I disorder: a diffusion tensor tractography study

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2139-2150 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Emsell ◽  
C. Chaddock ◽  
N. Forde ◽  
W. Van Hecke ◽  
G. J. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Type I ◽  
Genetic Liability ◽  
Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Participant Group ◽  
Dti Tractography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

BackgroundWhite matter (WM) abnormalities are proposed as potential endophenotypic markers of bipolar disorder (BD). In a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) voxel-based analysis (VBA) study of families multiply affected with BD, we previously reported that widespread abnormalities of fractional anisotropy (FA) are associated with both BD and genetic liability for illness. In the present study, we further investigated the endophenotypic potential of WM abnormalities by applying DTI tractography to specifically investigate tracts implicated in the pathophysiology of BD.MethodDiffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were acquired from 19 patients with BD type I from multiply affected families, 21 of their unaffected first-degree relatives and 18 healthy volunteers. DTI tractography was used to identify the cingulum, uncinate fasciculus (UF), arcuate portion of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), corpus callosum, and the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC). Regression analyses were conducted to investigate the effect of participant group and genetic liability on FA and radial diffusivity (RD) in each tract.ResultsWe detected a significant effect of group on both FA and RD in the cingulum, SLF, callosal splenium and ILF driven by reduced FA and increased RD in patients compared to controls and relatives. Increasing genetic liability was associated with decreased FA and increased RD in the UF, and decreased FA in the SLF, among patients.ConclusionsWM microstructural abnormalities in limbic, temporal and callosal pathways represent microstructural abnormalities associated with BD whereas alterations in the SLF and UF may represent potential markers of endophenotypic risk.

scholarly journals Neuroimaging-Based Scalp Acupuncture Locations for Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Cao ◽  
Yiting Huang ◽  
Nathaniel Meshberg ◽  
Sierra A. Hodges ◽  
Jian Kong
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Scalp Acupuncture ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Temporal Pole ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Scalp acupuncture is a modality of acupuncture in which acupuncture needles are inserted into a certain layer of the scalp in order to affect the function of corresponding areas of the cerebral cortex and relieve symptoms. Clinical studies have demonstrated the potential of scalp acupuncture as a non-pharmacological treatment for dementia. Unfortunately, recent findings from brain neuroimaging studies on dementia have not been incorporated into scalp acupuncture. This study aims to integrate meta-analysis, resting-state functional connectivity, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to identify potential locations of scalp acupuncture for treatment of dementia. We found that the prefrontal cortex, the medial prefrontal cortex, the middle and superior temporal gyrus, the temporal pole, the supplementary motor area, the inferior occipital gyrus, and the precuneus are involved in the pathophysiology of dementia and, therefore, may be the target areas of scalp acupuncture for dementia treatment. The neuroimaging-based scalp acupuncture protocol developed in this study may help to refine the locations for the treatment of dementia. Integrating multidisciplinary methods to identify key surface cortical areas associated with a certain disorder may shed light on the development of scalp acupuncture and other neuromodulation methods such as transcranial electrical current stimulation, particularly in the domain of identifying stimulation locations.

Differences in Analysis Methods of the Human Uncinate Fasciculus Using Diffusion Tensor MRI

2013 ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Sato ◽  
Kotaro Minato
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Fiber Tracking ◽  
Uncinate Fasciculus ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The human uncinate fasciculus is an important cortico-cortical white matter pathway that directly connects the frontal and temporal lobes, but its exact functional role is not yet known. Using diffusion tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), the uncinate fasciculus can be extracted and its volume calculated. DTI metrics such as fractional anisotropy for the uncinate fasciculus can also be analyzed, but there are currently three different methods for this analysis. DTI reports on the uncinate fasciculus are conducted using region of interest, voxel-based, and fiber tracking deterministic approaches. Due to these differences in analysis methods, prior studies report conflicting levels of uncinate asymmetry measured with diffusion anisotropy. Here, the authors briefly introduce these three different methods for measuring uncinate asymmetry values and compare the results. This result can lead to a better understanding of the role of the uncinate fasciculus in future behavioral and clinical studies.

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