scholarly journals Sustainability of Rainwater Harvesting System in terms of Water Quality

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Rahman ◽  
M. T. R. Khan ◽  
Shatirah Akib ◽  
Nazli Bin Che Din ◽  
S. K. Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supply Water

Water is considered an everlasting free source that can be acquired naturally. Demand for processed supply water is growing higher due to an increasing population. Sustainable use of water could maintain a balance between its demand and supply. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is the most traditional and sustainable method, which could be easily used for potable and nonpotable purposes both in residential and commercial buildings. This could reduce the pressure on processed supply water which enhances the green living. This paper ensures the sustainability of this system through assessing several water-quality parameters of collected rainwater with respect to allowable limits. A number of parameters were included in the analysis: pH, fecal coliform, total coliform, total dissolved solids, turbidity, NH3–N, lead, BOD5, and so forth. The study reveals that the overall quality of water is quite satisfactory as per Bangladesh standards. RWH system offers sufficient amount of water and energy savings through lower consumption. Moreover, considering the cost for installation and maintenance expenses, the system is effective and economical.

scholarly journals Tap Water Quality: Seasonal User Surveys in Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3841
Author(s):  
Józef Ober ◽  
Janusz Karwot
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Profit Analysis ◽  
Tap Water Quality

Security of supply of water, which meets the quality parameters specified in applicable standards, is now the basis for the functioning of most societies. In addition to climatic, biological, chemical, and physical hazards, it is worth paying attention to consumers’ subjective perception of the quality of tap water supplied in the area of Poland. The article discusses various activities related to water resources management and analyses the results of an evaluation of selected quality parameters of tap water in Poland. A novelty on a European scale here is an examination of the evaluation of these parameters based on potential seasonal differences (spring, summer, autumn, winter). For the first time in the world literature, PROFIT analysis was used to evaluate selected parameters of tap water quality. The aim of the article was to present a model for the evaluation of the parameters of tap water supplied in different seasons of the year in Poland. Due to the complexity of the research aspects, a mixed-methods research procedure was used in which a literature review was combined with a survey and statistical analysis. For the purpose of the survey, an original survey questionnaire called “Survey of customer opinions on selected parameters of tap water supplied in Poland” was developed especially for this study. The conducted research confirmed the adopted hypothesis that the results of evaluation of selected tap water parameters vary depending on the period (spring, summer, autumn, winter) in Poland. The model developed by means of PROFIT analysis makes it possible to highlight to water suppliers the specific quality parameters in particular seasons of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter), which may improve the quality of water supplied in Poland and thus, in the long-term perspective, increase the level of satisfaction of water recipients and confidence in drinking tap water in Poland.

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Anthropogenic and Natural Sources of Pollution on Quality of Water in Upper Indus Basin (UIB) by Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor A. Baluch ◽  
Hashim Nisar Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Source ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Impact

Water quality of the Indus River around the upper basin and the main river was evaluated with the help of statistical analysis. In order to analyze the similarities and dissimilarities for identifying the spatial variations in water quality of the Indus River and sources of contamination, multivariate statistical analysis, i.e., principle component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and descriptive analysis, was done. Data of 8 physicochemical quality parameters from 64 sampling stations belonging to 6 regions (labeled as M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6) were used for analysis. The parameters used for assessing the water quality were pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen reducing potential (ORP), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity (%), and concentration of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), respectively. PCA assisted in extracting and recognizing the responsible variation factors of water quality over the region, and the results showed three underlying factors including anthropogenic source pollution along with runoff due to rain and soil erosion were responsible for explaining the 93.87% of total variance. The parameters which were significantly influenced by anthropogenic impact are DO, EC, TDS (negative), and concentration of Pb (positive), while the concentration of As, % salinity, and ORP are affected by erosion and runoff due to rain. The worst pollution situation for regions M1 and M6 was due to the concentration of As which was approximately 400 μg/l (i.e., 40 times higher than minimum WHO recommendation). Furthermore, the results also indicated that, in the Indus River, three monitoring stations and five quality parameters are sufficient to have a reasonable confidence about the quality of water in this most important reserve of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Relações entre Condições Ambientais e Doenças de Veiculação Hídrica em Áreas do Assentamento Rural Serra Grande, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil (Relationships between environmental conditions and hydro term placement diseases in Rural Settlement ...)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1677
Author(s):  
Maria Tereza Duarte Dutra ◽  
Juliana Lemos Da Silva ◽  
Cláudia Ricardo Oliveira ◽  
Marília Regina Costa Castro Lyra ◽  
Suzana Maria Gico Lima Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Quality Of Water

A má qualidade dos corpos de água exerce influência direta sobre a saúde da sociedade, podendo causar doenças de veiculação hídrica, que levam a morte milhões de pessoas no mundo. Neste cenário, o presente estudo objetivou identificar as relações existentes entre condições ambientais e doenças de veiculação hídrica no Assentamento Rural Serra Grande, situado na sub bacia hidrográfica do Riacho Natuba, no município de Vitória de Santo Antão, em Pernambuco. Foram escolhidas seis nascentes, fazendo-se medições de parâmetros de qualidade de água, comparando-se os resultados das análises com os padrões estabelecidos pela Resolução Conama Nº 357/05 e Portaria do Ministério da Saúde Nº 2914/11. Para identificar a ocorrência de doenças de veiculação hídrica no assentamento procedeu-se a aplicação de questionários junto à comunidade local, representantes do Posto de Saúde e da Secretaria de Saúde Municipal, abordando aspectos sobre a incidência dessas doenças e respectivos programas de saúde implementados. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as nascentes representavam a principal fonte de água para o consumo doméstico, a irrigação e a dessedentação animal. No entanto, as análises de qualidade de água apontaram que a mesma não apresentava condições apropriadas ao consumo humano direto, requerendo prévio tratamento. Em relação ao perfil de ocorrência das doenças de veiculação hídrica, constatou-se que as verminoses e protozooses são as doenças que mais acometem a população.   A B S T R A C T The poor quality of water bodies shall exercise direct influence on the health of society, causing hydro term placement diseases leading to death millions of people worldwide. In this scenario, the present study aimed to identify the relationship between environmental conditions and hydro term placement diseases in the Rural Settlement Serra Grande, located in the Sub-basin of the Natuba rivulet, in the municipality of Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernmbuco State, Brazil. Six springs  were chosen for sample collections and determination of  water quality parameters, comparing the results with the quality standards established by CONAMA ( Brazilian National Environmental Council) Resolution Nº 357/05 and Ordinance of the Ministry of Health (Brazil) No. 2914/11. Questionnaires were applied to local social actors: community, health and Municipal Health Secretariat, addressing aspects of water diseases and health programs implemented. The results obtained showed that the springs were the main source of water for domestic consumption, irrigation and animal watering in the studied area. However, the water quality analyses showed that these springs  do not show appropriate sanitary conditions to direct human consumption, requiring treatment. In relation to the profile of hydro term placement diseases occurrence, it was observed that the worms and protozooses are the diseases that most affected the local population. Keywords: Management of water resources, quality of the water, health and environment.   

scholarly journals Water quality and management in the Australian pig industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Louise Edwards ◽  
Helen Crabb
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
The Impact

Context Water is the first nutrient and an essential component of all agricultural production systems. Despite its importance there has been limited research on water, and in particular, the impact of its availability, management and quality on production systems. Aims This research sought to describe the management and quality of water used within the Australian pig industry. Specifically, the water sources utilised, how water was managed and to evaluate water quality at both the source and the point of delivery to the pig. Methods Fifty-seven commercial piggeries across Australia participated in this study by completing a written survey on water management. In addition, survey participants undertook physical farm parameter measurements including collecting water samples. Each water sample was tested for standard quality parameters including pH, hardness, heavy metals and microbiological status. Key results Responses were received from 57 farms, estimated to represent at least 22% of ‘large’ pig herds. Bore water was the most common water source being utilised within the farms surveyed. Management practices and infrastructure delivering water from the source to the point of consumption were found to differ across the farms surveyed. Furthermore, water was regularly used as a delivery mechanism for soluble additives such as antibiotics. The quality of water at the source and point of consumption was found to be highly variable with many parameters, particularly pH, hardness, salinity, iron, manganese and microbiological levels, exceeding the acceptable standard. Conclusions In general, water quality did not appear to be routinely monitored or managed. As a result, farm managers had poor visibility of the potential negative impacts that inferior water quality or management may be having on pig production and in turn the economics of their business. Indeed, inferior water quality may impact the delivery of antibiotics and in turn undermine the industry’s antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Implications The study findings suggest that water quality represents a significant challenge to the Australian pig industry. Access to drinking water of an acceptable quality is essential for optimal pig performance, health and welfare but also to ensure farm to fork supply chain integrity, traceability and food safety.

scholarly journals Water Quality of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System (MyRAWAS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 880 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
N U M Nizam ◽  
M M Hanafiah ◽  
M B Mokhtar ◽  
N A Jalal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Prolonged drought, population growth and water demand for various purposes have increased the water scarcity issue. To overcome this issue, a rainwater harvesting system can be utilized as an alternative for clean water supply. A rainwater harvesting system is a method of collecting rainwater from man-made surfaces such as rooftops and constructed surfaces and can be used for various sectors including household, agricultural and commercial. This study was conducted to determine the quality of rainwater harvested collected directly from rooftop. The quality of the rooftop rainwater was taken in three consecutive months and the water quality for before and after treatment was measured and compared. Commercial activated carbon was used to treat the rainwater obtained from the rooftop. The water quality was compared with the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the National Water Quality Standards (NWQS). The parameters involved are pH, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD),E.coli and total coliform bacteria. The results showed that the total value of WQI before and after treatment was 86.3 ± 8.963 and 87.6±2.081, respectively. Positive correlations were found for parameter NH3-N, COD and pH, while paired T-test showed a significant in the COD and the presence of bacteria. Total Coliform is still at a safe level by NWQS with the average value and the standard deviation for before and after treatment were 38.11 ± 13.960 cfu/ml and 10.33 ± 6.671 cfu/ml, respectively.

scholarly journals Implementation of Long-Short Term Memory Neural Network (LSTM) for Predicting The Water Quality Parameters in Sungai Selangor

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Nur Natasya Mohd Anuar ◽  
Nur Fatihah Fauzi ◽  
Huda Zuhrah Ab Halim ◽  
Nur Izzati Khairudin ◽  
Nurizatul Syarfinas Ahmad Bakhtiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Long Short Term Memory

Predictions of future events must be factored into decision-making. Predictions of water quality are critical to assist authorities in making operational, management, and strategic decisions to keep the quality of water supply monitored under specific criteria. Taking advantage of the good performance of long short-term memory (LSTM) deep neural networks in time-series prediction, the purpose of this paper is to develop and train a Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Network to predict water quality parameters in the Selangor River. The primary goal of this study is to predict five (5) water quality parameters in the Selangor River, namely Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, and Dissolved Oxygen (DO), using secondary data from different monitoring stations along the river basin. The accuracy of this method was then measured using RMSE as the forecast measure. The results show that by using the Power of Hydrogen (pH), the dataset yielded the lowest RMSE value, with a minimum of 0.2106 at station 004 and a maximum of 1.2587 at station 001. The results of the study indicate that the predicted values of the model and the actual values were in good agreement and revealed the future developing trend of water quality parameters, showing the feasibility and effectiveness of using LSTM deep neural networks to predict the quality of water parameters.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Ecochemical Status of the Danube in Serbia in Terms of Water Quality Parameters

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Takić ◽  
Ivana Mladenović-Ranisavljević ◽  
Milovan Vuković ◽  
Ilija Mladenović
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Council Directive ◽  
International River

The Danube is an international river passing partly through Serbia. The protection of the environment and sustainable use of water resources is a primary task that implies constant monitoring of the quality status and evaluation of ecochemical status of the water in the Danube basin. The investigation includes calculation of all-inclusive water quality by the Serbian water quality index (SWQI) method and an evaluation of eco-chemical status of the Danube water in terms of water quality parameters from the entry to the exit point along its course through Serbia in the year of 2009. The results show that the overall quality of the Danube water on the territory of Serbia corresponds to the descriptive indicator of “very good” water. According to theCouncil Directive 75/440/EEC, the evaluation of the ecostatus, with slight deviation of individual parameters at Pančevo, corresponds to A1 category of the surface water quality intended for the abstraction of drinking water supplies in member states.

scholarly journals Monitoring as the Key Factor for Sustainable Use and Protection of Groundwater in Karst Environments—An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5468
Author(s):  
Zoran Stevanović ◽  
Aleksandra Maran Stevanović
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Water Provision

As a specific type of landscape and aquifer, karst is developed in soluble carbonate and evaporitic rocks and is of great importance for humanity. It covers more than 15% of Earth’s ice-free land and its aquifers provide about 10% of the world population’s drinking water. However, in general, its importance is not adequately supported by monitoring. Due to very dynamic karst regimes, in many countries, monitoring networks and their technology must be enlarged and improved, in terms of both the quantity and quality of water. The article discusses the current state of monitoring in legislation and water practice, as well as its importance in preventing water pollution, ensuring water provision to dependent ecosystems and preparing adaptation strategies to mitigate the negative effects of climate changes. Karst aquifers’ heterogeneity, high vulnerability to pollution and their very dynamic regimes require a more frequent observation of discharge and water quality parameters than any other aquifer system. There is also a need for installing sophisticated monitoring equipment, which enables remote observation of changes in dynamic karst systems. Improving monitoring and creating an early warning system would have a direct and positive effect on water management and might also be able to prevent uncontrolled groundwater extraction and deterioration of water quality.

scholarly journals Analisa Kandungan Merkuri (Hg) Di Wilayah Penambangan Emas Danau Payawan Desa Tumbang Panggo Kecamatan Tasik Payawan Kabupaten Katingan

PROMINE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Fahrul Indrajaya ◽  
Lisa Virgiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Laboratory Test Results

Field activities conducted to determine the level of mercury content in the water flow of Lake Payawan,Tumbang Panggo Village, Tasik Payawan District, Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan Provincebased on laboratory test results to obtain the results of mercury content in upstream to downstream ofLake Payawan. From this research, it is necessary to test the quality of water in the laboratory in orderto analyze the water quality parameters so it can be known mercury content (Hg) in Lake Payawanwater flow. From the test results on 6 points river water samples in the laboratory of the IndustrialResearch and Standardization Center of Banjarbaru City showed the highest mercury content found insample number 3 with P. 2076 test code taken at the location of the middle Lake Payawan TasikPayawan District with mercury levels located At a rate of 0.069 μg / l or 0.000069 mg / l, this reflectsthe presence of other factors that may also affect the level of mercury content in Lake Payawan flow.

scholarly journals Temporal Variation of Drinking Water Quality Parameters for Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Yaseen Ahmed Hamaamin ◽  
Jwan Bahadeen Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Water is vital for all forms of life on earth. Assessing the quality of water especially drinking water is one of the important processes worldwide which affect public health. In this study, the quality of drinking water in Sulaimani City is monitored for a study period of 1 year. A total number of 78 water samples were collected and analyzed for 17 physical and chemical properties of water supply system to the city. Samples of water are collected from the three main sources of drinking water for Sulaimani City (Sarchnar, Dukan line-1, and Dukan line-2) from February to August 2019. The results of physical and chemical parameters of collected water samples were compared with the World Health Organization and Iraqi standards for drinking water quality. The results of this study showed that mostly all parameters were within the standards except the turbidity parameter which was exceeded the allowable standards in some cases. This research concluded that, in general, the quality of drinking water at the three main sources of Sulaimani City is suitable and acceptable for drinking.

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