scholarly journals Effects of Consumption of Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and a Rooibos-Derived Commercial Supplement on Hepatic Tissue Injury bytert-Butyl Hydroperoxide in Wistar Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Canda ◽  
O. O. Oguntibeju ◽  
J. L. Marnewick
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

This study investigated the antioxidative effect of rooibos herbal tea and a rooibos-derived commercial supplement ontert-butyl hydroperoxide- (t-BHP-) induced oxidative stress in the liver. Forty male Wistar rats consumed fermented rooibos, unfermented rooibos, a rooibos-derived commercial supplement, or water for 10 weeks, while oxidative stress was induced during the last 2 weeks via intraperitoneal injection of 30 µmole oft-BHP per 100 g body weight. None of the beverages impaired the body weight gain of the respective animals. Rats consuming the rooibos-derived commercial supplement had the highest (P<0.05) daily total polyphenol intake (169 mg/day) followed by rats consuming the unfermented rooibos (93.4 mg/day) and fermented rooibos (73.1 mg/day). Intake of both the derived supplement and unfermented rooibos restored thet-BHP-induced reduction and increased (P<0.05) the antioxidant capacity status of the liver, while not impacting on lipid peroxidation. The rooibos herbal tea did not affect the hepatic antioxidant enzymes, except fermented rooibos that caused a decrease (P<0.05) in superoxide dismutase activity. This study confirms rooibos herbal tea as good dietary antioxidant sources and, in conjunction with its many other components, offers a significantly enhanced antioxidant status of the liver in an induced oxidative stress situation.

Reproductive and Fertility Effects of an Extract of Andrographis paniculata in Male Wistar Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Joshua Allan ◽  
Mukul P. Pore ◽  
M. Deepak ◽  
B. Murali ◽  
Anand S. Mayachari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Effect Level

The possible effect of extract of Andrographis paniculata Nees ( A paniculata) standardized to ≥10% andrographolide, the main bioactive component, on male fertility in albino Wistar rats was evaluated, by orally administering 0, 20, 200, and 1000 mg/kg of body weight per day, for 65 days prior to mating and 21 days during mating. The treated groups showed no signs of dose-dependent toxicity. The body weight gain and feed consumption were not affected at any of the dose levels. The testosterone levels and fertility indices in treatment groups were found to be comparable with that of the control indicating no effect on fertility. Total sperm count and sperm motility were not affected. The testes and epididymides did not show any gross and histopathological changes. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the no-observed adverse effect level of extract of A paniculata (≥10% andrographolide) was found to be more than 1000 mg/kg per day.

Oleic acid protects against cadmium induced cardiac and hepatic tissue injury in male Wistar rats: A mechanistic study

Life Sciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 117324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharati Bhattacharjee ◽  
Palash Kumar Pal ◽  
Aindrila Chattopadhyay ◽  
Debasish Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Activities of Ethanolic Extract Root of Ageratum conyzoides on Alloxan-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abdulfatai Ojewale ◽  
Sanusi Mada ◽  
Samson Oyebadejo ◽  
Adam Afodun ◽  
Okikioluwa Aladeyelu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Cardiac Tissues

Diabetes mellitus has developed into one of the debilitating diseases disturbing the health of many people living with cardiovascular diseases in modern times. The root of Ageratum conyzoides was investigated for its effects on alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats’ cardiac tissues. Thirty-two (32) Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 190 g were randomly divided into four groups. The animals in groups B-D were induced with a single dose of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan (ALX) intraperitoneally. They were confirmed hyperglycemic after 72 hours of induction and then sustained in hyperglycemic condition for 2 weeks. Animals in groups C and D received AC intervention, as stated above, for four weeks. The body weight of the experimental animals and blood collection for glucose estimation were taken weekly for six weeks using appropriate instruments. Biochemical assays for lipid profile, antioxidant enzymatic, and nonenzymatic markers were carried out. Histopathological changes in the cardiac tissues were also studied. Administration of 150 mg/kg of ALX to experimental rats induced diabetes and significantly reduced the body weights, significantly ( p < 0.05 ) increased the glucose level, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and decreased the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and antioxidant enzymatic markers such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) while the antioxidant nonenzymatic marker such as malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly increased. By contrast, rats given the ethanolic extract root of A. conyzoides had significantly ( p < 0.05 ) increased the body weight gain, whereas the glucose levels significantly ( p < 0.05 ) improved in treated diabetic rats. This extract also improved the cardiovascular system of the diabetic rats by significantly decreasing TG and LDL levels, significantly ( p < 0.05 ) increasing the HDL level, significantly reducing the cardiac contents of CAT, SOD, and GPx, and significantly ( p < 0.05 ) decreasing MDA. Ethanolic extract root of A. conyzoides exhibited antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities and mitigates damage to the heart from the ALX-induced myocardial toxicity associated with type-1 diabetes.

Studies on the toxicological effect of the aqueous extract of the fresh, dried and boiled berries of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal in male Wistar rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
OM Aboyade ◽  
MT Yakubu ◽  
DS Grierson ◽  
AJ Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

The toxicological effect of the aqueous extract of fresh, dried and boiled berries of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal at 1, 10 and 25 mg/kg body weight was investigated in male Wistar rats for 28 days. The parameters used were the body weight of the animals and absolute weights of the organs, haematological parameters, renal and liver functional endpoints. The animals gained appreciable weight and showed no signs of clinical toxicity. The dried (DB), boiled dried (BDB), fresh (FB) and boiled fresh berry (BFB) extracts reduced (p < .05) the heart-, liver-and spleen-body weight ratio of the animals whereas that of the lung was not altered. The kidney and testes-body weight ratios were specifically altered by the different extract. All these were not accompanied by any histomorphological changes. The extracts did not alter (p > .05) the levels of RBC, Hb, PCV and albumin of the animals. The platelets were decreased by the DB and FB whereas BFB increased this parameter. The FB and BFB at all the doses also reduced the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of the animals. With the exception of the FB where the creatinine and chloride levels decreased, other extracts did not alter the level of these kidney parameters. Only FB increased the levels of uric acid and urea. All the extract decreased the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of the animal. The levels of total protein, globulin, total and conjugated bilirubin were not altered by DB and BDB whereas these indices were increased by FB and BFB. The DB and BDB increased the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity whereas FB decreased the activity of the enzyme. In contrast, DB and BDB decreased the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity of the animals whereas FB and BFB increased the activity of the enzyme. The FB and BFB also increased the levels of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus of the animals. Overall, the alterations in the biochemical parameters by the various extracts of S. aculeastrum berries at these doses indicated that the normal functioning of these organs may be adversely affected. However, drying and boiling might reduce the toxic effect of the berries.

Effect of gallic acid on renal biochemical alterations in male Wistar rats induced by ferric nitriloacetic acid

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Prasad ◽  
Tajdar Husain Khan ◽  
Tamanna Jahangir ◽  
Sarwat Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The present study is an effort to identify a potent chemopreventive agent against various diseases (including cancer) in which oxidative stress and cell proliferation plays an important causative role. This study was designed to investigate the effect of gallic acid against ferric nitrilotriacetic acid (Fe-NTA)-induced carcinogen/drug metabolizing phase I and phase II enzymes, anti-oxidative parameters, kidney markers, tumour promotion markers and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in kidney of male Wistar rats. Fe-NTA (9 mg Fe/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) caused significant depletion in the detoxification and antioxidant enzyme armoury with concomitant elevation in renal LPO, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, hydrogen peroxide generation, ornithine decarboxylase activity and [3H]thymidine incorporation into renal DNA. However, pretreatment of animals with gallic acid (10 and 20 mg/kg body weight) resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of the parameters measured (P < 0.001). Renal glutathione content (P < 0.001), glutathione metabolizing enzyme (P < 0.001) and antioxidant enzyme levels were also recovered to a significant level (P < 0.001). The enhanced reduced glutathione level and enzyme activities involved in xenobiotic metabolism and maintaining antioxidant status of cells are suggestive of a chemopreventive efficacy of gallic acid against Fe-NTA-mediated oxidative stress, toxicity and cell proliferative response in Wistar rats.

Insecticide chlorpyrifos and fungicide carbendazim, common food contaminants mixture, induce hepatic, renal, and splenic oxidative damage in female rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
AO Abolaji ◽  
IO Awogbindin ◽  
IA Adedara ◽  
EO Farombi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Food Contaminants ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

The fungicide carbendazim (CBZ) and insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) are currently applied together by farmers for the control of pests. Here, we investigated the impacts of 7 days oral co-exposure to 10 mg/kg body weight of CPF and 50 mg/kg body weight of CBZ on selected oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers in the liver, kidney, and spleen of female rats. The results showed that while the body weight gain and relative organ weights were not significantly affected after separate exposure to CPF and CBZ, there was a significant decrease in the body weight gain with concomitant increases in the relative kidney and spleen weights of rats treated with the mixture. Also, CPF and CBZ co-exposure significantly increased the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine ( p < 0.05) when compared with the groups treated with CBZ or CPF alone and the control. The significant decreases in both antioxidant enzymes activities and nonenzymatic antioxidant level following individual administration of CPF and CBZ to rats were intensified in the co-exposure group ( p < 0.05). Additionally, the marked increases in the levels of oxidative stress indices in liver, kidney, and spleen of rats treated with CPF or CBZ alone were intensified in the co-exposure group ( p < 0.05). Histopathologically, co-exposure to CPF and CBZ exacerbates their individual effects on the liver, kidney, and spleen. These findings showed that co-exposure to CPF and CBZ in rats elicited more severe oxidative damage on the liver, kidney, and spleen of the rats, indicative of an additive effect compared to CPF or CBZ alone and as such, may pose a greater environmental risk to humans.

scholarly journals Ulva lactuca Linnaeus Potentially Promotes Reproductive Indices and Depressive-like Behavior of Hypertriglyceridemia Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Anggoro Chandra Yulistiyanto ◽  
Mayumi Hersasanti ◽  
Rahadian Yudo Hartantyo ◽  
Laksmindra Fitria ◽  
Abdul Razaq Chasani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Natural Treatment ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Excessive consumption of fatty foods can lead to hyperlipidemia, which is often coupled with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), a condition where blood plasma triglyceride (TG) levels elevated beyond normal levels. This condition may disturb physiological functions of the body, such as reproductive functions, and other physiological imbalances leading to chronic stress and depression. Ulva lactuca is a potential natural treatment for HTG, as it contains various nutrients to aid physiological functions. This seaweed also has high levels of Cd, which can increase depression. Therefore, research on the potential benefits of U. lactuca should be followed by an investigation of its health risks. This research aimed to examine the effects of HTG and treatment with U. lactuca on reproduction and depressive-like behavior of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769). The data collected in this research include body weight, serum TG concentration, gonadosomatic index (GSI), serum testosterone concentration using competitive ELISA, and depressive-like behaviors assessed using the Forced Swim Test (FST) and Open Field Test (OFT). Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by DMRT, independent- and paired-samples t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test with a significance value of α=0.05. Body weight, serum TG and testosterone concentration, GSI, and depressive-like behaviors were increased by the HTG condition. Ulva lactuca at the1500 mg/kg BW/day did not significantly affect body weight, testosterone concentration, and depressive-like behaviors of HTG rats. Meanwhile, this treatment significantly increased the GSI and depressive-like behaviors of healthy rats. These results suggest that Ulva lactuca treatment not only enhances gonad growth and development but also increases depressive-like behaviors.

scholarly journals Lophira lanceolata protects testicular and spermatological damages induced by cisplatin in male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Tsekohol Agu ◽  
Christian Okechukwu Ezihe ◽  
Paul Friday Itodo ◽  
Hyacinth Adakole Abu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antineoplastic Agent ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Lophira Lanceolata

Abstracts Background Chemotherapy is associated with male infertility. Cisplatin (CP), an antineoplastic agent has been successfully used for the treatment of diverse kinds of malignancies, however, the use of this effective agent could induce oxidative stress injury, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and testicular damage. Combined CP chemotherapy with plant extracts can diminish the toxicity and enhance the antitumor efficacy of the drug. The objective of the study was to determine the protective effect Lophira lanceolata leaf extract (LLLE) on CP-induced toxicity on male reproductive organs. Methods The study was carried out with 30 (n = 30) male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups of 5 rats each. Rats in group 1 (Control) were administered distilled water per os. Rats in group 2 were administered 5 mg/kg of CP intraperitoneally (i.p). Rats in groups 3 and 4 were administered per os LLLE at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight and rats in groups 5 and 6 were administered 5 mg/kg body weight of CP + LLLE at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight respectively. Results The results showed a significant decrease in the sperm parameters in the group treated with CP alone when compared with the control and there in the sperm parameters in the groups administered CP + LLLE. The body and organ weights of the rats were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the CP treated group relative to the control. However, there was an increase in the weight of the organs in the LLLE pretreated groups. The photomicrographs showed degenerative changes in the testicular tissues of the rats administered CP alone whereas the group pretreated with the LLLE showed amelioration induced by the CP. Our study revealed that CP treatment has deleterious effects on sperm parameters and testicular tissues and the accessory sex organs (Epididymis, prostate, seminal vesicles) of the rats. Oral administration of LLLE at 200 and 400 mg/kg bodyweight for 26 days conferred protective effects against testicular damage induced by CP. Conclusion This study revealed that pretreatment with LLLE protected against CP-induced testicular toxicity.

scholarly journals Effects of Oral Administration of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) on Obesity in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 879-882
Author(s):  
Mulyati Sri Rahayu ◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Yuziani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 2

Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most widely employed food enhancers. Although the umami compound, controversy persists regarding the effects of MSG intake on body weight. Chronic MSG intake may result in excessive body weight gain and obesity. Consumption of MSG result in organ damage, cardiovascular disease, oxidative stress, and also risk factors for obesity. This study aims to determine the effect of oral MSG on obesity in adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).Methods: This true experimental study used the post-test control group design. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (received distilled water), Group 1 (MSG 0.378 mg/gr BW), Group 2 (0.756 mg/gr BW) and Group 3 (1.512 mg/gr BW). The obesity parameter was obtained by the Lee index. Kruskal-Wallis test follows by Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the Lee index between groups.Results: Lee’s index mean for each group was 358.4%, 314.1%, 287.8%, and 320.9%, respectively. The Kruskal Wallis test showed a significant difference in the Lee index between groups (p = 0.043). A follow-up test using Mann-Whitney found a significant difference between group 2 and the control group (p = 0.043, p <0.05). The mean of Lee index of group 2 was 70.51% lower than the control group.Conclusion: This study concluded that Lee index was not increased in MSG-treated rats than in the control group after oral MSG intervention for 21 days.

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