scholarly journals Reproductive Biology of Bothrops erythromelas from the Brazilian Caatinga

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verônica Alberto Barros ◽  
Claudio Augusto Rojas ◽  
Selma Maria Almeida-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Reproductive Patterns ◽  
Phylogenetic Inertia

The reproductive biology of Bothrops erythromelas, a small pit viper from the Caatinga, a semiarid biome in Brazil, is described based on analysis of individuals deposited in zoological collections. Males are smaller and also attain sexual maturity at a smaller size than females. Female reproductive cycle is seasonal with an extended period of secondary vitellogenesis and births occurring in a restricted period from late spring to early summer. Sperm storage in females may probably occur in infundibular tubular glands and uterine muscular twisting (UMT), which is a polymorphic condition within B. erythromelas. Seasonal spermatogenesis in males is variable with some intraspecific variation regarding the male reproductive stage per season. Most males are reproductively active during spring/summer and reproductively quiescent during autumn/winter, although some individuals vary (e.g., show testicular spermatogenesis and active sexual segment of the kidneys (SSK) during winter). The SSK could be identified in every male. Most males showed highly hypertrophied SSK in spring/summer and moderately hypertrophied SSK in autumn/winter. The ampulla ductus deferentis was observed and histochemical reactions were conducted. We discuss the probable influence of the unique environmental conditions of the Caatinga region and phylogenetic inertia in the reproductive patterns of this snake species.

The annual reproductive cycle and sperm storage in the bearded dragon, Pogona barbata

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Amey ◽  
Joan M. Whittier
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Bearded Dragon ◽  
Reproductive Females ◽  
Term Storage

Pogona barbata, a large lizard that inhabits the open woodlands of eastern Australia, has been reported to have a high annual reproductive output, which is contrary to expectations for a large lizard. To better understand this anomaly, its reproductive cycle and morphology were investigated. Males were spermatogenic year round, with only a brief period of regression in January (late summer). Females were vitellogenic and gravid through August–December (spring to early summer). Two or three large clutches (14–26 eggs per clutch) were produced each breeding period. Females had two germinal beds in each ovary, and all four actively produced eggs simultaneously. Clutches overlapped such that the next clutch began vitellogenesis before the first was laid. These characteristics make this species’ reproductive output one of the largest known among lizards. Reproductive females had sperm stored in oviductal crypts, but there was no evidence of sperm storage outside the breeding period. The short-term storage of sperm by breeding females may promote sperm competition between males.

Reproductive biology of the southern Brazilian pitviper Bothrops neuwiedi pubescens (Serpentes, Viperidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otavio Marques ◽  
Selma Almeida-Santos ◽  
Marília Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
First Year ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Bothrops Neuwiedi

AbstractDissection of 286 specimens of the Bothrops neuwiedi pubescens, combined with data on captive individuals, provided information on the reproductive biology of this viperid snake from southern Brazil. Females attained larger body sizes than males, and reproduction was seasonal with mating taking place in autumn when males were more frequently encountered. Vitellogenesis occurred from summer to spring (January-September), sperm storage during autumn and winter (May-September), ovulation and fertilization in early spring (September), embryonic development during middle spring and summer (October-March), and parturition in the summer (January-March). Embryonic development was estimated to last from three to five months, a shorter time than was previously reported. The number of offspring of Bothrops neuwiedi pubescens born in one litter can vary from four to 25 (x = 11). Fecundity is correlated with maternal body size. Neonates measure 17-25 cm SVL. Inferred growth rate of juveniles was low (10 mm/month in first year), with males attaining sexual maturity at about 16 months, but maturity is delayed in females for at least two additional years.

scholarly journals Reproductive biology of Thamnodynastes hypoconia (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) in Brazilian subtemperate wetlands

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (3 suppl) ◽  
pp. 1699-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARLUCI M. REBELATO ◽  
GLÁUCIA M.F. PONTES ◽  
ALEXANDRO M. TOZETTI
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Macroscopic Analysis

ABSTRACT This study aimed to describe the reproductive biology of populations of Thamnodynastes hypoconia in subtemperate wetlands based on macroscopic analyses of their gonads. We analyzed 101 specimens from the southernmost regions of Brazil. The males had a greater snout-vent length, but the females reached sexual maturity with a greater body size. The reproductive cycle of the females was seasonal, with secondary vitellogenesis occurring between the winter and spring (May-October). Based on macroscopic analysis of gonads, data suggests that males have a continuous reproductive cycle. Parturition occurs between the late summer and early fall (January-April). The clutch size ranged between 4 and 16 embryos and showed no relationship with the female's body size. The recorded reproductive frequency of T. hypoconia is low (38 %) compared to other phylogenetically related species. Conversely, the studied populations appear to have a high reproductive success because it is an abundant species in the study site.

Reproductive cycle and size-dependent spawning of female spiny lobsters (Panulirus japonicus) off Oshima Island, Tokyo, Japan

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Minagawa
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Spiny Lobster ◽  
Spawning Season ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Spiny Lobsters ◽  
Panulirus Japonicus

Reproductive biology of the spiny lobster Panulirus japonicus was histologically examined by monthly sampling between March 1993 and September 1994 at Oshima Island, near Tokyo. P. japonicus had a well defined reproductive cycle. Yolk accumulation became manifest in February and ovaries grew rapidly in March. Females spawned from late April to mid August and were ovigerous to mid September. Of large females with a carapace length (CL) of ≥47 mm, 93% were estimated to spawn twice during the spawning season. Size at which 50% of females reached sexual maturity was estimated to be 41.8 mm CL, as calculated from a logistic model. Some individuals considered to be primiparous showed delayed vitellogenesis and were estimated to spawn only once during the season.

scholarly journals Reproductive cycle of a non-native oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in the Adriatic Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARIA EZGETA BALIĆ ◽  
IVANA RADONIĆ ◽  
DUBRAVKA BOJANIĆ VAREZIĆ ◽  
BARBARA ZORICA ◽  
JASNA ARAPOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Crassostrea Gigas ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Pacific Oyster ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
The Pacific

The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas was introduced for the aquaculture purposes in many different parts of the world. However, the species has never been officially introduced for commercial farming in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea. Interestingly, in the 1970s, the Pacific oyster has been reported in the natural habitats of the Lim Bay, in northern Adriatic Sea. Although the species was recorded there, there is a lack of knowledge about its biology and ecology in this region, including a reproductive cycle. Information on the reproductive biology of non-indigenous species in new areas is crucial for prediction of their future survival and possible spread in invaded habitats. In this study, we provide the first data on the reproductive biology of the Pacific oyster in the Adriatic Sea, the northernmost part of the Mediterranean Sea. Quantitative and qualitative methods of gonad tissue analysis were conducted, and effects of environmental conditions on the gametogenesis were evaluated during two reproductive cycles. Our study confirmed that environmental conditions in the Lim Bay were favourable for the reproduction of the species. The Pacific oyster reproduced once per year and had a prolonged spawning period. Water temperature was the main factor affecting gonad development and oocyte size, while chlorophyll a concentration had an impact on the oocyte development in terms of their size.  

Reproductive cycle of the Patagonian scallop Zygochlamys patagonica in the south-western Atlantic

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Campodónico ◽  
Gustavo Macchi ◽  
Betina Lomovasky ◽  
Mario Lasta
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
The South ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Maturity Stages

The reproductive cycle of Zygochlamys patagonica was studied from October 1999 to February 2001 in a bed located in the south-western Atlantic (Reclutas bed 39°24′ S–55°56′W). Scallops were collected monthly and the sexual maturity stages were determined histologically (N = 508). Sex-ratio was 1:1 (t-test P > 0.05). The size of first sexual maturity was estimated from males of an average of 36.63 mm and females of 36.31 mm of shell height. The relative gonadal condition index (RGCI) showed an annual cycle, with higher values during winter–spring and lower values during summer–autumn; an inverse relationship for the relative muscle condition index (RMCI) was observed with maximum values in early summer. Thus, a reallocation of energy from soma to gonad appears to be inevitable to meet energy demand of gonad development. Seven histological stages of sexual maturity were established for both sexes: (1) immature; (2) early maturity; (3) advanced maturity,;(4) ripe; (5) spawning; (6) spent; and (7) recovery. Individuals in early and advanced maturity were found throughout the year; however, they were found more frequently between June and September. Spawning began in October (early spring) and extended through March (late summer–early autumn) coexisting with early and advanced maturity stages supported by the annual variation of the RGCI and the food availability into the system.

Reproductive biology and sexual dimorphism of a high-altitude population of the viviparous lizard Phymaturus punae from the Andes in Argentina

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorgelina Boretto ◽  
Juan Carlos Acosta ◽  
José Villavicencio ◽  
Graciela Blanco ◽  
José Marinero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Cold Climates ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Life History Data ◽  
The Andes

AbstractPhymaturus punae is a viviparous lizard endemic to the Provincial Reserve San Guillermo, San Juan (Argentina). We present the first life history data of P. punae, belonging to an interesting genus adapted to cold climates. Females reach sexual maturity at 80.6 mm, and males at 84.4 mm snout-vent length. There is sexual dimorphism represented by larger and more robust males, but females show a wider body and a proportionally greater interlimb length than males. In males, spermatozoa become abundant in both testes and epididymi in mid-summer. Vitellogenic and pregnant females occurred simultaneously in late spring and mid-summer indicating a biennial reproductive cycle.

scholarly journals Metabolic traits in brown trout (Salmo trutta) vary in response to food restriction and intrinsic factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise C Archer ◽  
Stephen A Hutton ◽  
Luke Harman ◽  
W Russell Poole ◽  
Patrick Gargan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Metabolic Traits ◽  
Food Conditions

Abstract Metabolic rates vary hugely within and between populations, yet we know relatively little about factors causing intraspecific variation. Since metabolic rate determines the energetic cost of life, uncovering these sources of variation is important to understand and forecast responses to environmental change. Moreover, few studies have examined factors causing intraspecific variation in metabolic flexibility. We explore how extrinsic environmental conditions and intrinsic factors contribute to variation in metabolic traits in brown trout, an iconic and polymorphic species that is threatened across much of its native range. We measured metabolic traits in offspring from two wild populations that naturally show life-history variation in migratory tactics (one anadromous, i.e. sea-migratory, one non-anadromous) that we reared under either optimal food or experimental conditions of long-term food restriction (lasting between 7 and 17 months). Both populations showed decreased standard metabolic rates (SMR—baseline energy requirements) under low food conditions. The anadromous population had higher maximum metabolic rate (MMR) than the non-anadromous population, and marginally higher SMR. The MMR difference was greater than SMR and consequently aerobic scope (AS) was higher in the anadromous population. MMR and AS were both higher in males than females. The anadromous population also had higher AS under low food compared to optimal food conditions, consistent with population-specific effects of food restriction on AS. Our results suggest different components of metabolic rate can vary in their response to environmental conditions, and according to intrinsic (population-background/sex) effects. Populations might further differ in their flexibility of metabolic traits, potentially due to intrinsic factors related to life history (e.g. migratory tactics). More comparisons of populations/individuals with divergent life histories will help to reveal this. Overall, our study suggests that incorporating an understanding of metabolic trait variation and flexibility and linking this to life history and demography will improve our ability to conserve populations experiencing global change.

Reproductive cycle of the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum): an intensively harvested invasive species in the Tagus Estuary (Portugal)

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 1645-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Moura ◽  
Paulo Vasconcelos ◽  
Fábio Pereira ◽  
Paula Chainho ◽  
José Lino Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Ruditapes Philippinarum ◽  
Manila Clam ◽  
Tagus Estuary ◽  
Gonad Maturation ◽  
Oocyte Diameter ◽  
Ruditapes Decussatus ◽  
Spawning Period

The present study aimed to describe the reproductive cycle and estimate the size at sexual maturity of the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) in the Tagus Estuary (Portugal). Specimens were collected monthly from September 2013 to December 2015 during fishing surveys using bivalve dredges. The gametogenic cycle was described in detail using gonad histology and monitored throughout the study period by the monthly variation in the frequency of gonad maturation stages, mean gonadal index and mean oocyte diameter. This invasive population of R. philippinarum displayed synchronous gonadal development between sexes, with ripening occurring mainly in April and May followed by an extensive spawning period until November–December. Individuals reached the size at first sexual maturity at 29.4 mm in shell length (i.e. before 1 year old). Furthermore, the reproductive strategy, dynamics and potential were compared between the invasive R. philippinarum and the native congeneric carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus). Overall, the data gathered in this study constitutes valuable baseline information to propose conservation strategies and implement management measures to minimize the harmful impacts caused by this invasive species on local ecosystems and native biodiversity, particularly over populations of autochthonous bivalves.

scholarly journals Reproductive Biology of Round Sardinella (Sardinella Aurita) (Valenciennes, 1847) in Senegalese Coastal Waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ismaïla NDIAYE ◽  
Alassane SARR ◽  
Alioune FAYE ◽  
Modou THIAW ◽  
Malick DIOUF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Monthly Variation ◽  
Relative Fecundity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sardinella Aurita ◽  
Somatic Index

In this study, a total of 1068 specimens Sardinella aurita of which 553 females and 515 males were examined. The objectif of this study was to determine the reproductive parameters of Sardinella aurita. The sex ratio was significantly in favor of females (55%). The size at first sexual maturity was estimated at 18.9 cm for females and 18.0 cm for males. The monthly variation of sexual maturity stages and gonado-somatic index (GSI) allowed to locate the reproduction periods from February to June and from September to December. The mean absolute fecundity was estimated at 110.794 ± 7582 oocytes whereas relative fecundity was about 422 ± 26 oocytes per gram of female.

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