scholarly journals Effects of Nitrate Supplementation on Cardiovascular and Autonomic Reactivity in African-American Females

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon Bond ◽  
Bryan H. Curry ◽  
R. George Adams ◽  
M. Sadegh Asadi ◽  
Kimani A. Stancil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
African American Females ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Autonomic Reactivity ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Rr Intervals ◽  
Nitrate Treatment ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation

Previous studies have shown that beetroot juice (BJ) decreases systolic blood pressure (SBP) and oxygen demand. This study tests the hypothesis that a beetroot juice (BJ) treatment increases heart rate variability (HRV) measured by the average standard deviation of normal-normal electrocardiogram RR intervals (SDNN) and the low frequency (LF), mainly sympathetic, fast Fourier transform spectral index of HRV. The subjects were 13 healthy young adult African-American females. Placebo control orange juice (OJ) and BJ treatments were given on separate days. Blood nitric oxide [NO], SBP and RR intervals were measured at rest and at constant workloads set to 40% and 80% of the predetermined VO2peak. Two hours after ingestion the BJ treatment increased [NO] and decreased SBP. BJ also increased SDNN at rest and at the 40% VO2peak workload, without significant effects on LF. SDNN was significantly greater after the BJ than after the OJ treatment, across the two physical activity conditions and SDNN was (negatively) correlated with SBP. These results suggest that BJ decreases SBP and increases HRV at rest and during aerobic exercise. Similar results in subjects with prehypertension or hypertension could translate to a dietary nitrate treatment for hypertension.

A Performative Memoric Investigation of YoungGiftedandFat

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Sharrell D. Luckett ◽  
Audrey Edwards ◽  
Megan J. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
African American Females ◽  
Stage Manager ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Assistant Director ◽  
Power Negotiations ◽  
Research Collective

In 2013, Sharrell D. Luckett formed the Performance Studies & Arts Research Collective, which encourages members to explore their identities through the arts. Around this time, Audrey Edwards and Megan J. Stewart—both African American females and Collective members—became interested in autoethnography, and Luckett invited them to study closely with her. In this performative essay, Luckett, Edwards, and Stewart implicitly highlight various power negotiations enacted as professor/student, actress/stage manager, actress/assistant director, and mentor/mentee, while all working on their own autoethnographies, and while working collectively on Luckett's autoethnographic performance: YoungGiftedandFat.

scholarly journals Age Differences in STDs, Sexual Behaviors, and Correlates of Risky Sex Among Sexually Experienced Adolescent African-American Females

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Sales ◽  
Jennifer L. Brown ◽  
Ralph J. DiClemente ◽  
Teaniese L. Davis ◽  
Melissa J. Kottke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sex ◽  
African American Females

scholarly journals Dietary nitrate supplementation attenuates the reduction in exercise tolerance following blood donation

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (6) ◽  
pp. H1520-H1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinead T. J. McDonagh ◽  
Anni Vanhatalo ◽  
Jonathan Fulford ◽  
Lee J. Wylie ◽  
Stephen J. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation

We tested the hypothesis that dietary nitrate (NO3−)-rich beetroot juice (BR) supplementation could partially offset deteriorations in O2transport and utilization and exercise tolerance after blood donation. Twenty-two healthy volunteers performed moderate-intensity and ramp incremental cycle exercise tests prior to and following withdrawal of ∼450 ml of whole blood. Before donation, all subjects consumed seven 70-ml shots of NO3−-depleted BR [placebo (PL)] in the 48 h preceding the exercise tests. During the 48 h after blood donation, subjects consumed seven shots of BR (each containing 6.2 mmol of NO3−, n = 11) or PL ( n = 11) before repeating the exercise tests. Hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit were reduced by ∼8–9% following blood donation ( P < 0.05), with no difference between the BR and PL groups. Steady-state O2uptake during moderate-intensity exercise was ∼4% lower after than before donation in the BR group ( P < 0.05) but was unchanged in the PL group. The ramp test peak power decreased from predonation (341 ± 70 and 331 ± 68 W in PL and BR, respectively) to postdonation (324 ± 69 and 322 ± 66 W in PL and BR, respectively) in both groups ( P < 0.05). However, the decrement in performance was significantly less in the BR than PL group (2.7% vs. 5.0%, P < 0.05). NO3−supplementation reduced the O2cost of moderate-intensity exercise and attenuated the decline in ramp incremental exercise performance following blood donation. These results have implications for improving functional capacity following blood loss.

A Discussion of African-American Females on the Effect of HIV/AIDS: A Call for Action

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Necoal Holiday-Driver ◽  
Chippewa Thomas ◽  
Monica Hunter
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Females ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals The Effect of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Physiology and Performance in Trained Cyclists

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 684-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. McQuillan ◽  
Deborah K. Dulson ◽  
Paul B. Laursen ◽  
Andrew E. Kilding
Keyword(s):  
Time Trial ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Exercise Economy ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
And Performance

Purpose:To determine the effect of dietary nitrate (NO3 –) supplementation on physiology and performance in well-trained cyclists after 6–8 d of NO3 – supplementation.Methods:Eight competitive male cyclists (mean ± SD age 26 ± 8 y, body mass 76.7 ± 6.9 kg, VO2peak 63 ± 4 mL · kg–1 · min–1) participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover-design study in which participants ingested 70 mL of beetroot juice containing ~4 mmol NO3 – (NIT) or a NO3 –-depleted placebo (PLA), each for 8 d. Replicating pretreatment measures, participants undertook an incremental ramp assessment to determine VO2peak and first (VT1) and second (VT2) ventilatory thresholds on d 6 (NIT6 and PLA6), moderate-intensity cycling economy on d 7 (NIT7 and PLA7), and a 4-km time trial (TT) on d 8 (NIT8 and PLA8).Results:Relative to PLA, 6 d of NIT supplementation produced unclear effects for VO2peak (mean ± 95% confidence limit: 1.8% ± 5.5%) and VT1 (3.7% ± 12.3%) and trivial effects for both VT2 (–1.0% ± 3.0%) and exercise economy on d 7 (–1.0% ± 1.6%). However, effects for TT performance time (–0.7% ± 0.9%) and power (2.4% ± 2.5%) on d 8 were likely beneficial.Conclusions:Despite mostly unclear outcomes for standard physiological determinants of performance, 8 d of NO3 – supplementation resulted in likely beneficial improvements to 4-km TT performance in well-trained male endurance cyclists.

scholarly journals Acute beetroot juice supplementation on sympathetic nerve activity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (1) ◽  
pp. H59-H65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karambir Notay ◽  
Anthony V. Incognito ◽  
Philip J. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sympathetic Outflow ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Burst Frequency ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Central Sympathetic Outflow

Acute dietary nitrate ([Formula: see text]) supplementation reduces resting blood pressure in healthy normotensives. This response has been attributed to increased nitric oxide bioavailability and peripheral vasodilation, although nitric oxide also tonically inhibits central sympathetic outflow. We hypothesized that acute dietary [Formula: see text] supplementation using beetroot (BR) juice would reduce blood pressure and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at rest and during exercise. Fourteen participants (7 men and 7 women, age: 25 ± 10 yr) underwent blood pressure and MSNA measurements before and after (165–180 min) ingestion of 70ml high-[Formula: see text] (~6.4 mmol [Formula: see text]) BR or [Formula: see text]-depleted BR placebo (PL; ~0.0055 mmol [Formula: see text]) in a double-blind, randomized, crossover design. Blood pressure and MSNA were also collected during 2 min of static handgrip (30% maximal voluntary contraction). The changes in resting MSNA burst frequency (−3 ± 5 vs. 3 ± 4 bursts/min, P = 0.001) and burst incidence (−4 ± 7 vs. 4 ± 5 bursts/100 heart beats, P = 0.002) were lower after BR versus PL, whereas systolic blood pressure (−1 ± 5 vs. 2 ± 5 mmHg, P = 0.30) and diastolic blood pressure (4 ± 5 vs. 5 ± 7 mmHg, P = 0.68) as well as spontaneous arterial sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity ( P = 0.95) were not different. During static handgrip, the change in MSNA burst incidence (1 ± 8 vs. 8 ± 9 bursts/100 heart beats, P = 0.04) was lower after BR versus PL, whereas MSNA burst frequency (6 ± 6 vs. 11 ± 10 bursts/min, P = 0.11) as well as systolic blood pressure (11 ± 7 vs. 12 ± 8 mmHg, P = 0.94) and diastolic blood pressure (11 ± 4 vs. 11 ± 4 mmHg, P = 0.60) were not different. Collectively, these data provide proof of principle that acute BR supplementation can decrease central sympathetic outflow at rest and during exercise. Dietary [Formula: see text] supplementation may represent a novel intervention to target exaggerated sympathetic outflow in clinical populations. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The hemodynamic benefits of dietary nitrate supplementation have been attributed to nitric oxide-mediated peripheral vasodilation. Here, we provide proof of concept that acute dietary nitrate supplementation using beetroot juice can decrease muscle sympathetic outflow at rest and during exercise in a normotensive population. These results have applications for targeting central sympathetic overactivation in disease.

Prenatal steroid exposure promotes expression of renal injury indices in African American females (1134.11)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
TanYa Gwathmey ◽  
Mark Chappell ◽  
Patricia Nixon ◽  
Lisa Washburn
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
African American Females
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