scholarly journals Visual Acuity Changes during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khashayar Mehdizadehkashi ◽  
Shahla Chaichian ◽  
Abolfazl Mehdizadehkashi ◽  
Ebrahim Jafarzadepour ◽  
Zeinab Tamannaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Myopic Shift

In this research, we represent the changes in visual acuity during pregnancy and after delivery. Changes as myopic shift start during second trimester and will be stopped after delivery; however it is obtained that women will have the same refractive error as what they had in the first trimester, after postpartum. So, any change in their spectacle prescription during this period is forbidden. As a result, not only changing in hormones can cause myopic shift in vision, but also overweight has its retributive role. What we are trying to do is to notify gynecologists and optometrists to be aware of these changes, so as to leave spectacle prescription writing to the session after postpartum period.

scholarly journals Angka kejadian miopia pada anak usia sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Banjararum Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reny Setyowati ◽  
Indra Tri Mahayana ◽  
Tri Winarti ◽  
Suhardjo Pawiroranu
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error

Refractive disorders begin to affect many children and become a burden of disease in the community due to lack of awareness by parents and screening by health workers. This research was a cross-sectional study and carried out at screening of visual acuity in primary school-aged children. A total of 38 children aged 6 - 12 were the subjects in this study. This research was conducted in Banjararum sub-district, Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta Special Province in September 2018. The average age of subjects was 8.8 ± 1.4 years. Result showed refraction status before correction (uncorrected refractive error/URE) with mean visual acuity of 0.3 logMAR (equivalent to 6/12 Snellen). The most common refractive disorders were myopia simplex (63.2%) and 38.8% of subjects experienced moderate visual impairment. After being corrected, as much as 97.4% of subjects reached normal vision. Burden of undiagnosed refractive disorders in rural population was high even though the visual disturbance is reversible.

scholarly journals Refraction in Preschool Children in Kazanlak, Bulgaria

Folia Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
Kiril Slaveykov ◽  
Kalina Trifonova
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Refractive State ◽  
Myopic Shift ◽  
The City

Introduction: The refractive state of the eye changes as the eye’s axial length increases and the cornea and lens flatten. In general, eyes are hyperopic at birth, become slightly more hyperopic until the age of 7, which at this point we see a myopic shift toward plano until the eyes reach their adult dimensions, usually by about the age 16. Aim: To determine the prevalence of refractive error in preschool children aged 3 - 6 in the city of Kazanlak, Bulgaria. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a kindergarten based school within the city of Kazanlak, Bul­garia. Out of 15 kindergarten schools, 10 chose to participate in the study. The children underwent non-mydriatic refraction screening using a Plus-Optix S12с mobile camera. Myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism were defined as being a spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ −0.50 D, SE ≥ +2.00 D and cylindrical diopters ≤ −1.00 D. Results: A total of 596 children were screened. Out of these 596 children; 526 were with ametropia (470 hypermetropia, 46 myopia) and 50 had astigmatism. Strabismus was found in 12 children, with a further 8 children suffering from amblyopia and finally 8 children were also found to be diagnosed with anisometropia. In 8 cases there were no results due to opacities or due to the small size of the pupil. Conclusion: The prevalence of refractive error in preschool children is similar to that found in other research in the field. While most cases fall into the category of emmetropia or mild hypermetropia, most of the children had never been to an ophthalmologist. A manda­tory checkup should be issued for all children below the age of seven.

scholarly journals Visual Health and its Relationship with Screen Time among School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Sarawak, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (08) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Ting Siew Leng ◽  
Rosalia Saimon ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Razitasham bt Safii ◽  
Ho Siat Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Health

<p class="0abstract"><strong>Objective: </strong>This study intended to determine visual health of the school children and investigate its relationship with screen time. <strong>Methods: </strong>This was a school-based cross-sectional study using multistage cluster sampling. A self-reported and interviewer-administered questionnaire were used to compile screen time information. Children presenting visual acuity was evaluated with Snellen chart and non-cycloplegic refraction was performed to those acuities worse than 6/12. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. A p-value ≤0.05 with 95% CI was considered as statistically significant. <strong>Results: </strong>About 87% children had normal or near normal visual acuity and 13% had visual impairment. The prevalence of refractive error was 22.8%.  Astigmatism was the most prevailing type of refractive error, 10%. The children spent on average of 13.82 hours per week on screen time. Television is the most popular electronic devices. Boy spent more time on gaming consoles than girl. There was no statistically significant relationship between refractive error and screen time (p=0.581). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of refractive error among school children was 23%. The children spent nearly 14 hours per week on screen time. There was no statistically significant relationship between refractive error and screen time. Periodical children vision screening is paramount for early detection of vision impairment and provide possible intervention.</p>

scholarly journals Corrigendum to “Visual Acuity Changes during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran”

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Khashayar Mehdizadehkashi ◽  
Shahla Chaichian ◽  
Abolfazl Mehdizadehkashi ◽  
Ebrahim Jafarzadepour ◽  
Zeinab Tamannaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of uncorrected refractive error among an elderly Chinese population in urban China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. bmjopen-2017-021325
Author(s):  
Hehua Ye ◽  
Yiyong Qian ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Xiaohong Liu ◽  
Xuan Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error

ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors of uncorrected refractive error (URE) in an elderly urban Chinese population in China.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.MethodsThe study was conducted using a cluster random sample of residents aged 50 years or older living in the Jiangning Road subdistrict, Shanghai, China. All participants underwent a standardised interview and eye examinations, including presenting visual acuity (PVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between November 2012 and February 2013. URE was defined as an improvement of two lines or more in the BCVA compared with the PVA in the better eye of <20/40.ResultsA total of 1999 subjects (an 82.5% response rate) completed both the questionnaire and ophthalmic examination. The prevalence of URE was 20.1% (95% CI 18.0% to 22.2%) in the study sample. After age standardisation, the prevalence of URE in Chinese people aged 50 years or older was 18.7% (95% CI 17.0% to 20.4%). Under multiple logistic regression analysis, older age (per 1-year increase, OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.05) and a lower level of education (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.69) were significantly related to URE. A history of ocular diseases (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.92) was a protective factor for URE.ConclusionsURE is highly prevalent among the elderly urban Chinese population, which should raise awareness of the URE burden in China to meet the Vision 2020 goal to eliminate preventable blindness.

scholarly journals Data of the COVID-19 mRNA-Vaccine V-Safe Surveillance System and Pregnancy Registry Reveals Poor Embryonic and Second Trimester Fetal Survival Rate. Comment on Stuckelberger et al. SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Willingness among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women during the First Pandemic Wave: A Cross-Sectional Study in Switzerland. Viruses 2021, 13, 1199

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Stroobandt ◽  
Roland Stroobandt
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Survival ◽  
Pregnancy Registry ◽  
Pandemic Wave

Dr. Sarah Stuckelberger and her colleagues should be commended for their cross-sectional study assessing the willingness of Swiss pregnant and breastfeeding women to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 [...]

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude of pregnant women towards preeclampsia and its associated factors in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a multi‐center facility‐based cross‐sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maru Mekie ◽  
Dagne Addisu ◽  
Minale Bezie ◽  
Abenezer Melkie ◽  
Dejen Getaneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
South Gondar

Abstract Background Preeclampsia has the greatest impact on maternal mortality which complicates nearly a tenth of pregnancies worldwide. It is one of the top five maternal mortality causes and responsible for 16 % of direct maternal death in Ethiopia. Little is known about the level of knowledge and attitude towards preeclampsia in Ethiopia. This study was designed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards preeclampsia and its associated factors in South Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A multicenter facility-based cross-sectional study was implemented in four selected hospitals of South Gondar Zone among 423 pregnant women. Multistage random sampling and systematic random sampling techniques were used to select the study sites and the study participants respectively. Data were entered in EpiData version 3.1 while cleaned and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Adjusted odds ratio with 95 % confidence interval were used to identify the significance of the association between the level of knowledge on preeclampsia and its predictors. Results In this study, 118 (28.8 %), 120 (29.3 %) of the study participants had good knowledge and a positive attitude towards preeclampsia respectively. The likelihood of having good knowledge on preeclampsia was found to be low among women with no education (AOR = 0.22, 95 % CI (0.06, 0.85)), one antenatal care visit (ANC) (AOR = 0.13, 95 % CI (0.03, 0.59)). Whereas, those who booked for ANC in the first trimester (AOR = 6.59, 95 % CI (1.43, 30.33)), gave the last birth at a health facility (AOR = 2.61, 955 CI (1.03, 6.61)), and experienced a complication during previous births (AOR = 3.67, 95 % CI (1.78, 7.57)) were more likely to be knowledgeable on preeclampsia. Conclusions No formal education and not attending four ANC visits were associated with poor knowledge of preeclampsia. While participants who visited health facilities during the first trimester, who gave birth at health facilities, and those who experienced a complication in previous births were more likely to be knowledgeable on preeclampsia. Improving the numbers of ANC visits and encouraging facility delivery are important measures to improve women’s knowledge on preeclampsia. Health education regarding preeclampsia risk factors, symptoms, and complications shall be emphasized.

scholarly journals Assessing the competence of midwives to provide care during labor, childbirth and the immediate postpartum period – A cross sectional study in Tigray region, Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0206414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miruts Goshu ◽  
Hagos Godefay ◽  
Fantaw Bihonegn ◽  
Firew Ayalew ◽  
Daniel Haileselassie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tigray Region

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study to assess etiology and associated factors for anaemia during first trimester of pregnancy in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka: a protocol

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Gayani Amarasinghe ◽  
Vasana Mendis ◽  
Thilini Agampodi
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anaemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, is a significant global health problem. Despite Sri Lanka’s strong public health system and commitment towards prevention, maternal anaemia remains a major problem in the country. While prevention is focused on iron deficiency, detailed etiological studies on this topic are scarce. Moreover, estimates of socio demographic and economic factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy, which can provide important clues for anaemia control, are also lacking. This study aims to evaluate the hemoglobin distribution, spatial distribution, etiology and associated factors for anaemia in pregnant women in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Methods: This is a cross sectional study of pregnant women in their first trimester registered for antenatal care from July to September 2019 in the Anuradhapura district. The minimal sample size was calculated to be 1866. Initial data collection has already been carried out in special field clinics for pregnant women between June to October 2019. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a self-completed dietary questionnaire and an examination checklist were used for data collection. In addition, all participants underwent complete blood count testing. Further investigations are being conducted for predicting the etiology of anaemia based on a developed algorithm (such as high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] and peripheral blood film analysis). Discussion: Being the largest study on anaemia during pregnancy in a single geographical area in Sri Lanka, this study will provide important clues about geographical clustering of anaemia cases with similar etiology, associated factors and etiologies which would help to develop interventions to improve the health of pregnant women in the area. The possibility of selection bias is a potential limitation associated with the study design.

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