scholarly journals Age and Sex Differences in Sputum Smear Microscopy Results for Acid Fast Bacilli in a Tertiary Care Centre, South India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palanivel Chinnakali ◽  
Kalaiselvi Selvaraj ◽  
Pruthu Thekkur ◽  
Gomathi Ramasamy ◽  
Mahalakshmy Thulasingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age And Sex

Background and Objectives. Low counts are more difficult to find in microscopic sputum examination and thus are more likely to be missed. In this study, we aimed to estimate the proportion of low-count grading and assessing any age and gender differences in sputum smear grading in a low HIV prevalence setting. Materials and Methods. From the tuberculosis laboratory register information on sputum positivity including the grading of smears, age and gender were extracted for January 2011–December 2011. Smears were examined using Ziehl-Neelsen technique and graded as per the Program Guidelines. Positive smears were classified into low grade positive smears (scanty and 1+) and high grade positive smears (2+ and 3+). Differences in grading of smear based on gender and age were analysed using chi square test. Results. Of 9000 smears examined, 8210 (91.2%) were collected as diagnostic smears from tuberculosis suspects. Low grade positivity was 37.5% among diagnostic smears and 69.6% among follow-up smears. Sputum smears from female examinees had higher proportions of low grade positive smears (P=0.003). Stratification of age and sex within TB suspects had clearly demonstrated the observance of higher low grade positivity among female TB suspects at extremes of age.

The Influence of Age and Gender on Mandibular Indices among the Libyan Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Libyan Population

Radiographic Mandibular Indices serve as easy and relatively cheap tools for evaluating bone mineralization. Objectives: To examine the effect of age and gender on three mandibular indices: the panoramic mandibular index (PMI), the mandibular ratio (MR) and the mandibular cortical index (MCI), among Libyan population. Methods: The three indices were measured on 317 digital (OPGs) of adult humans (155 males, 162 females). The sample was divided into six age groups (from 18-25 years through 56-65 years). The measurements were analyzed for interactions with age and sex, using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) software version no. 22. The tests employed were two way ANOVA, the unpaired T-test and chi-square test. Results: The mean PMI fluctuated between 0.37 s.d. 0.012 and 0.38 s.d. 0.012. among the sixth age groups. One-way ANOVA statistical test revealed no significant of age on PMI. On the other hand gender variation has effect on PMI, since independent sample t-test disclosed that the difference between the male and female PMI means statistically significant. ANOVA test showed that the means of MR among age groups showed a negative correlation i.e. MR mean declined from 3.01 in 18-25 age groups to 2.7 in 55-65 age groups. In contrary, the gender showed no effect on MR according two sample t-test at p> 0.05. In regards with MCI, statistical analysis showed that it affected by age that is C1 was decreasing by age while C2 and C3 were increased by age. Using chi square test the result indicated that there is a significant difference among the different age group and the two genders in MCI readings. Conclusion: PMI was influenced significantly by age but minimally by the gender. MR is not affected by gender but has a negative correlation with age. MCI is affected by both age and gender

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes With Drug Coated Balloons Versus Plain Balloon Angioplasty In Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia

2021 ◽  
pp. 153857442110225
Author(s):  
Joel Mathew John ◽  
Vimalin Samuel ◽  
Dheepak Selvaraj ◽  
Prabhu Premkumar ◽  
Albert A Kota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Interventional Procedure ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: The use of drug coated balloon (DCB) for angioplasty has shown superior efficacy against plain balloons for treating complex infrainguinal arterial disease. We report and compare the clinical outcomes following application of DCB(Paclitaxel) and plain angioplasty (POBA) in our tertiary care centre. Methods: A retrospective, single centre analysis of 301 patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia involving the infrainguinal segment was conducted between September 2014 and September 2018, after approval from the Institutional review board. We analyzed clinical outcomes by measuring postoperative ABI improvement, restenosis requiring reintervention procedure, minor and major amputations at the end of 18 months. . To find the association between the group variables (POBA and DCB) and other risk variables, Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test was used. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used. Results: Patients who underwent treatment with plain balloon (POBA) and DCB(Paclitaxel) angioplasty were 246(81.7%) and 55(18.3%) respectively. Our study group was predominantly male (Male: Female = 6.7:1), most patients were more than 50 years of age (n = 251, 83.4%). Smoking (n = 199, 66.1%) and diabetes (n = 210, 69.8%) were the most common atherosclerotic risk factors. Postoperative Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABI) improvement were similar in both groups (POBA = 57.7%; DCB = 69.8%; p = 0.103). Minor and major amputations following POBA were 26% and 22%; and DCB were 12.7% and 16.4% respectively. Re-stenosis requiring a re-interventional procedure within 18 months was 15%, (n = 37) following POBA; and 12.7% (n = 7) following DCB (p = 0.661). Conclusions: This retrospective study shows similar clinical limb related outcomes following POBA and DCB at 18 months. However, our comparative analysis between the POBA and DCB groups was totally unadjusted and not adjusted for common confounders such as age and sex. Hence, for one to draw definitive conclusions leading to changes in clinical practice; a randomized, prospective study with a larger patient cohort is needed.

scholarly journals COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF CLINICAL EXPERIENCE AND GRAPHOANALYSIS USING HOUSE'S CLASSIFICATION, FOR ASSESSMENT OF EMOTIONAL STATUS OF COMPLETELY EDENTULOUS PATIENTS, IN SUCCESS OF COMPLETE DENTURE.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sargam R. Parate ◽  
Jaishree Chahande ◽  
Rahul Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Complete Denture ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Edentulous Patients

Aim: To compare and evaluate clinical experience and graphoanalysis, using House’s classification in assessing the emotional status of completely edentulous patients in success of complete denture. Settings and Design: Comparative analytical study. Methods and Material: 50 completely edentulous patients of age above 45 years (M/F) were taken as subjects. Literate patients were included in the study while incompetent patients and illiterate patients were excluded. Patients were asked to express their expectations regarding the treatment on paper in their handwritings using vernacular language. Subjects were categorized on the basis of age and gender. The handwriting samples were collected and graphoanalysis was done. Statistical analysis used: The resultant data was subjected to statistical analysis using chi square test and spearman's rank correlation test. Results: Considering age, on graphoanalysis (P-18, I-14, E-14, H–4) were found, when compared to Clinical experience (P-23, I-12, E -13, H- 2). While considering gender, on GA (P-18, I-14, E-14 and H-4) were found when compared to CE (P-23, I-12, E-13 and H-2). Chi-square test showed CE and GA were independent of age and gender. Spearman’s rank correlation between CE and GA was 0.217. Conclusions: Clinical experience and graphoanalysis of complete denture patient are independent of Age and Gender. There was a significant correlation between CE and GA, so graphoanalysis can be used for ascertaining the mental attitude of completely edentulous patient.

Differences on Emotional and Behavioral Problems Among 10-12 Years Old Children – Parents’ Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Evis Fili
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
T Test ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

Aim: To explore the differences in age and gender on emotional and behavioral broad band scales of children 10-12 years old. It was hypothesized that there will be differences between girls and boys and between ages. Methods: We used CBCL (6-18 years) the 2001 edition (Achenbach - Rescorla, 2001) to collect the data. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Pearson correlation, T-test, and ANOVA were used to explore and analyse the differences. The sample included 236 children (123 or 52.1% boys and 113 or 47.9% girls), with a mean age of 11 years (SD .835). From 236 parents participated in the study, 92 of them or 39.0 % were mothers, while only 144 of them or 61.0 % were fathers. The parents voluntarily completed the questionnaire. Results: There were found no differences on broad band scales of emotional and behavioral problems, regarding the age and gender of children.

scholarly journals Association of Age and Gender of Patients with the Type of Tooth Resorption Treated - A Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1581-1586
Author(s):  
Mulumoodi Rama Sowmya ◽  
Delphine Priscilla Antony S ◽  
Adimulapu Hima Sandeep
Keyword(s):  
Male Population ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Tooth Resorption ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
And Gender

The aim of the present study was to assess the association of age and gender of patients with the type of tooth resorption treated. The data was retrieved from the patient records and analyzed the data of tooth resorption treated patients between June 2019 to March 2020, after approval from the Institutional Review board of Saveetha Dental College. It is an institutional based retrospective study. The data was tabulated into excel sheets under the headings age, gender, type of tooth resorption treatment, tooth number. The data was analyzed by Chi-square test using SPSS software. The probability value obtained after performing Chi-square test was P>0.05 indicating that there is a statistically insignificant difference between the age, gender, teeth of patients who have undergone treatment for tooth resorption. Within the limitations of the study, the frequency of internal tooth resorption cases was higher compared to external tooth resorption cases. Male population of the age group 20 to 25 years have most frequently undergone treatment for internal tooth resorption.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Study of COVID-19 Cases Based on Age and Gender in Patient’s Visiting Tertiary Care Centre, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur, Assam

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Syed Tanwir Alam Samrat Biswas ◽  
Kalpana Bezborah Sonuwara Begum ◽  
Mihirjyoti Pathak Saurav Phukan ◽  
Pitambar Baishya Kaushik Das ◽  
Jasbeer Singh Roy Sanjay Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hospital Facility ◽  
Viral Transport ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Gender

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which is also called COVID-19 has affected millions of people globally and has led to unprecedented disruptions to health systems, as well as affected individuals social, economic and psychological lives very badly. The present study was an attempt to address the association between age and gender among positive COVID-19 cases and also to discuss the possible reasons for the variation among age categories and gender. This was a retrospective based study. Samples were collected in Viral Transport Media and sent to the testing laboratory for confirmation by nucleic acid–based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data regarding patients’ details were collected in the hospital facility. A total of 1,11,379 (Assam - 1,08,836 and Arunachal Pradesh-2543) samples were collected from patient’s and tested for COVID-19 (April to December 2020). During this period a total of 2,600 positive cases were detected at the laboratory from Assam (n= 2,480, 95.38%) and Arunachal Pradesh (n= 120, 4.62%) respectively. Males (n=2106, 81%) was affected more than females (n= 494, 19%). In both male & female the age group which was affected the most was between 20-29 yrs and 30-39 yrs. Month wise distribution of the positive COVID-19 cases showed maximum spike in the month of August (n=902). Early diagnosis by real time PCR has helped in the identification of the pathogen in individuals at an early stage, which has facilitated the containment of positive cases.

Prevalence Of Post Partum Depression Among Postnatal Women At A Tertiary Care Centre Using Edinburgh Post Partum Depression Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2395-2399
Author(s):  
Sivasundari Maharajan ◽  
Dhanvarsha Sumaldha Subbiah Ramkumar ◽  
Nimrah Amthul ◽  
Shrutiravali
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Post Partum Depression ◽  
Chi Square Test

Postpartum depression is a grave mental health problem, which is more prevalent than society realizes and poses great risk. It has been associated with lack of breastfeeding, aversion towards the baby and negative impact on the development of the child. A total of 300 women who delivered between January 14 to March 31 of 2020 at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital were chosen following ethical clearance. After explaining the aspects of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale in their native language, the questionnaire was provided. A score of 10 and above were considered positive. Data were evaluated using SPSS and Chi square test. The prevalence of PPD was seen in 14% of women. It was higher with vaginal delivery, in women who had multiple births, lack of financial and social support, with domestic violence and alcoholic partner. Medical help was advised to women who scored 10 and above; only 5% sought medical intervention. Others did not recognize depression as a health issue. This shows the lack of awareness among the population. Medical health professionals should spread awareness, conduct more studies to evaluate the prevalence, the predisposing factors, methods for early diagnosis and ways to help women overcome “THE OTHER SIDE OF MOTHERHOOD”.

scholarly journals Study of expression of PTEN and Cyclin D1 in endometrium at a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Shaffy Thukral ◽  
Shuaeb Bhat ◽  
Nusrat Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Normal Endometrium ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: To study the expression of PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin homologue) and Cyclin D1 in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium by immunohistochemistry and to corroborate the interrelationship between PTEN and Cyclin D1 in normal to neoplastic endometrial disorders including endometrial carcinoma.Methods: Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) sections of spectrum of endometrium in fifty different cases were taken from secretory phase to endometrial carcinoma and subjected to Immunohistochemistry using PTEN and Cyclin D1 .Results: Immunoreactivity was regarded as positive when brown staining was localized in the nuclei or cytoplasm. The intensity of nuclear staining was graded from 0 to 3+ and the extent was semi quantitatively estimated. If less than 10% of cells were positive a score of 0 was given, 11 % to 30% cell positivity was scored as 1+, 31% to 60 % positivity was scored as 2+ and more than 60% positive cells was labelled as 3+. Statistical analysis was performed with Chi-Square test and significant differences were noted between these 3 groups (p value < 0.05).Conclusions: The present study supports that an inverse correlation exists in the expression of PTEN and Cyclin D1 in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium. The decreased PTEN expression is a marker of the earliest endometrial premalignant lesions, and we propose that use of PTEN immunostaining may be informative in identifying premalignant lesions that are likely to progress to carcinoma. Cyclin D1 expression in endometrial glands increases progressively in intensity and extent from normal endometrium to hyperplasia to carcinoma.

scholarly journals Proportion of ophthalmia neonatorum following prophylaxis with azithromycin eye ointment in newborns at a tertiary care centre in Central Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
Najeeba Chamban Mammooty ◽  
Madhu George ◽  
Jino Joseph ◽  
Abdul Tawab
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Ophthalmia Neonatorum ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity ◽  
Neonatal Conjunctivitis

Background: The objective was to evaluate the proportion of ophthalmia neonatorum among 425 hospital born newborns who had received antibiotic eye prophylaxis within one hour of birth at a tertiary care centre in Central Kerala and to detect their causative organisms.Methods: The study design was an observational study done for a period of 10 months. A total of 425 term well newborn babies were included in the study. At delivery after the normal routine newborn care, babies were received azithromycin 1% eye ointment as prophylaxis for neonatal conjunctivitis in both eyes within one hour of birth. Babies were observed routinely during every vital monitoring for developing signs of neonatal conjunctivitis for the first 72 hours of life at hospital. During outpatient follow ups, 7 to 14 days and 14 to 28 days, these babies were examined for the presence of neonatal conjunctivitis. Babies having neonatal conjunctivitis were treated empirically with the same topical 1% azithromycin eye ointment after taking eye swab for culture and sensitivity in both eyes. The treatment has been modified based on the culture reports. Proportions were compared using Chi-square test with significance at p<0.05.Results: A total 15 (3.5%) of the 425 babies developed ophthalmia neonatorum. The most common isolate was Staphylococcus aureus which was 4 (26.7%) of all positive cultures followed by Escherichia coli 13.3%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 6.7%, Serracia marcescens 6.7%. None of the risk factors were found to be having association with conjunctivitis.Conclusions: This study concludes that a high proportion of neonatal conjunctivitis present despite eye antibiotic prophylaxis, though a greater reduction in cases has been shown when compared with no prophylaxis at our centre during the previous year. S. aureus was the most common causative organism isolated. 

scholarly journals Assessment of breastfeeding position and attachment (ABPA) in a tertiary care centre in Chennai, India: an observational descriptive cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2209
Author(s):  
Nalini Aswathaman ◽  
Mohamed Sajjid ◽  
C. N. Kamalarathnam ◽  
A. T. Arasar Seeralar
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Correct Position ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Correct Technique

Background: Effective breastfeeding becomes an art with experience. Correct position and attachment is the first step necessary for exclusive breast feeding. However, studies assessing correct position and attachment for breastfeeding in South India are sparse. Hence our study aimed to assess the percentage of mother infant dyads with correct breastfeeding position and attachment along with factors influencing them in a Tertiary care Hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the stable dyads in Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology using quasi random sampling. 101 dyads were observed for correct position, attachment and effective suckling using WHO B-R-E-A-S-T feed observation form and were scored. Data was analyzed using SPSS software with chi square test, univariate logistic regression and spearman correlation test.Results: Among the 101 dyads, only 30.7% of them had good or average position, 52.47% had good or average attachment and 62.3% had effective suckling at breast. There was significant correlation between breast problem in mother with incorrect position and poor attachment. NICU stay and breast problems were significantly associated with poor attachment. Effective suckling improved significantly as gestational age matured and in infants who had no NICU stay.Conclusions: Practical demonstration on how to hold infants in correct breastfeeding position and drilling with key points for correct position and attachment as soon as possible after delivery will go a long way for promoting exclusive and effective breastfeeding by learning correct technique. Rechecking after counselling will reinforce this learned art.

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