scholarly journals Lithium Enhances Axonal Regeneration in Peripheral Nerve by Inhibiting Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3βActivation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanxing Su ◽  
Qiuju Yuan ◽  
Dajiang Qin ◽  
Xiaoying Yang ◽  
Wai-Man Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Spinal Motoneurons ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Axonal Elongation ◽  
Clinical Dose ◽  
Ventral Funiculus ◽  
Systemic Application

Brachial plexus injury often involves traumatic root avulsion resulting in permanent paralysis of the innervated muscles. The lack of sufficient regeneration from spinal motoneurons to the peripheral nerve (PN) is considered to be one of the major causes of the unsatisfactory outcome of various surgical interventions for repair of the devastating injury. The present study was undertaken to investigate potential inhibitory signals which influence axonal regeneration after root avulsion injury. The results of the study showed that root avulsion triggered GSK-3βactivation in the injured motoneurons and remaining axons in the ventral funiculus. Systemic application of a clinical dose of lithium suppressed activated GSK-3βin the lesioned spinal cord to the normal level and induced extensive axonal regeneration into replanted ventral roots. Our study suggests that GSK-3βactivity is involved in negative regulation for axonal elongation and regeneration and lithium, the specific GSK-3βinhibitor, enhances motoneuron regeneration from CNS to PNS.

scholarly journals Experimental Methods to Simulate and Evaluate Postsurgical Peripheral Nerve Scarring

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1613
Author(s):  
Alessandro Crosio ◽  
Giulia Ronchi ◽  
Benedetta Elena Fornasari ◽  
Simonetta Odella ◽  
Stefania Raimondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scar Tissue Formation

As a consequence of trauma or surgical interventions on peripheral nerves, scar tissue can form, interfering with the capacity of the nerve to regenerate properly. Scar tissue may also lead to traction neuropathies, with functional dysfunction and pain for the patient. The search for effective antiadhesion products to prevent scar tissue formation has, therefore, become an important clinical challenge. In this review, we perform extensive research on the PubMed database, retrieving experimental papers on the prevention of peripheral nerve scarring. Different parameters have been considered and discussed, including the animal and nerve models used and the experimental methods employed to simulate and evaluate scar formation. An overview of the different types of antiadhesion devices and strategies investigated in experimental models is also provided. To successfully evaluate the efficacy of new antiscarring agents, it is necessary to have reliable animal models mimicking the complications of peripheral nerve scarring and also standard and quantitative parameters to evaluate perineural scars. So far, there are no standardized methods used in experimental research, and it is, therefore, difficult to compare the results of the different antiadhesion devices.

scholarly journals Surgical Management of Sporadic Peripheral Nerve Schwannomas in Adults: Indications and Outcome in a Single Center Cohort

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
Julian Zipfel ◽  
Meizer Al-Hariri ◽  
Isabel Gugel ◽  
Alexander Grimm ◽  
Volker Steger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Nerve Sheath

Most sporadic peripheral nerve sheath tumors in adults are schwannomas. These tumors usually present with significant pain but can also cause neurological deficits. Symptomatology is diverse, and successful surgical interventions demand interdisciplinarity. We retrospectively reviewed 414 patients treated between 2006 and 2017 for peripheral nerve sheath tumors. We analyzed clinical signs, symptoms, histology, and neurological function in the cohort of adult patients with schwannomas without a neurocutaneous syndrome. In 144 patients, 147 surgical interventions were performed. Mean follow-up was 3.1 years. The indication for surgery was pain (66.0%), neurological deficits (23.8%), significant tumor growth (8.8%), and suspected malignancy (1.4%). Complete tumor resection was achieved on 136/147 occasions (92.5%). The most common location of the tumors was intraspinal (49.0%), within the cervical neurovascular bundles (19.7%), and lower extremities (10.9%). Pain and neurological deficits improved significantly (p ≤ 0.003) after 131/147 interventions (89.1%). One patient had a persistent decrease in motor function after surgery. Complete resection was possible in 67% of recurrent tumors, compared to 94% of primary tumors. There was a significantly lower chance of complete resection for schwannomas of the cervical neurovascular bundle as compared to other locations. The surgical outcome of sporadic schwannoma surgery within the peripheral nervous system is very favorable in experienced peripheral nerve surgery centers. Surgery is safe and effective and needs a multidisciplinary setting. Early surgical resection in adult patients with peripheral nerve sheath tumors with significant growth, pain, neurological deficit, or suspected malignancy is thus recommended.

Long term assessment of axonal regeneration through polyimide regenerative electrodes to interface the peripheral nerve

Biomaterials ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 2021-2031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Lago ◽  
Dolores Ceballos ◽  
Francisco J Rodrı́guez ◽  
Thomas Stieglitz ◽  
Xavier Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Axonal Regeneration

scholarly journals Neuroprotection and Axonal Regeneration After Lumbar Ventral Root Avulsion by Re-implantation and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplant Combined Therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Torres-Espín ◽  
Dora Luz Corona-Quintanilla ◽  
Joaquim Forés ◽  
Ilary Allodi ◽  
Francisco González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion

Fibrin gels containing GDNF microspheres increase axonal regeneration after delayed peripheral nerve repair

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D Wood ◽  
Tessa Gordon ◽  
Howard Kim ◽  
Mark Szynkaruk ◽  
Peter Phua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair ◽  
Fibrin Gels
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