scholarly journals Response of Short Duration Tropical Legumes and Maize to Water Stress: A Glasshouse Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossain Sohrawardy ◽  
Md. Lokman Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Tropical Legumes ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
And Performance

The study was conducted as a pot experiment in the tropical glasshouse to evaluate the response of grain legumes (Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata, andLablab purpureus) in comparison to maize (Zea mays) and estimate their potential and performance. Two experiments were established using completely randomized design. Physiological measurements (stomatal conductance, photosynthetic activities, and transpiration rates) were measured using LCpro instrument. Scholander bomb was used for the measurement of plant cell water potential. Significant difference was observed in different plant species with increase of different water regimes. Among the legumes,L. purpureusshowed better response in water stressed conditions. At the beginning, in dry watered treatment the photosynthetic rate was below 0 µmol m−2 s−1and in fully watered condition it was 48 µmol m−2 s−1. In dry treatment, total dry weight was 10 g/pot and in fully watered condition it was near to 20 g/pot inP. vulgaris. The study concludes that water stress condition should be taken into consideration for such type of crop cultivation in arid and semiarid regions.

scholarly journals PEMBERIAN WARNA CAHAYA BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KANDUNGAN SENYAWA ANTIOKSIDAN DALAM DAUN TANAMAN KRISAN (Chrysanthemum sp)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Agus Rizki Ansori ◽  
Denna Eriani Munandar ◽  
Fitria Riany Eris
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Chrysanthemum plants besides being used as ornamental plants and cut flowers can also be useful in the world of health, namely as herbal tea. The parts of the plants used are leaves, flowers or both at once. The addition of different light colors in chrysanthemum plants is expected to improve the quality of chrysanthemum tea by increasing antioxidant compounds in chrysanthemum leaves. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of different light colors on the growth and content of antioxidant compounds in the leaves of these plants. This research using Complete Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4levels with 5 replications. The treatments given were 4 different colors namely white (W1), red (W2), yellow (W3), blue (W4). Observation data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there was a significant difference, then Duncan's Multiple Distance Test was conducted at 95% confidence level. The addition of different light colors had a very significant effect on total fresh weight, leaf fresh weight, fresh weight of stover and antioxidant activity then significantly affected plant height, total dry weight, leaf dry weight and dry weight of stover. But the number of leaves shows an unreal effect. The results showed that the addition of blue and yellow light colors had the highest effect on the content of antioxidant compounds.

Effect of planting date and density on calendula and peppermint herbs

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Rahim Mohammadian ◽  
Behnam Tahmasebpour ◽  
Peyvand Samimifar
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total Maximum

A factorial experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of planting date and density on calendula herbs and peppermint. It had 3 replicates and was done in Khosroshahr research farm, Tabriz in 2006. Under studied factors were: 3 planting dates (10 May, 25 May and 10 June) in 4 densities (25, 35, 45, 55) of the plant in square meters. The results of variance a nalysis showed that there was 1% probability significant difference between the effects of planting date and bush density on the leave number, bush height and the bush dry weight. But the mutual effect of the plant date in mentioned traits density was insignificant. Regarding the traits mean comparison, the total maximum dry weight was about the 55 bush density in mm. Also, the bush high density in mm causes the bush growth and its mass reduction. When there is the density grain, the flower number will increase due to bush grain in surface unit. Overall, we can conclude that 10 June planting and 45 bush density in mm is the most suitable items and results in favored production with high essence for these crops.

PENGARUH JUMLAH MATA TUNAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STEK BATANG TRUBUSAN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Indri Elang Mayanti ◽  
Basir Achmad
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Experiment Unit ◽  
Bud Growth ◽  
Total Dry Weight

The areas of tropical forests in Indonesia always decrease every year, so that efforts are needed to cultivate plants efficiently for the supply of seedlings. Sungkai (Peronema canescens) has good quality wood that can be used for various purposes, either for construction, furniture, plywood or the leaves can be used for medicine. The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth of stem cuttings of sungkai based on the number of latent buds by calculating the root dry weight, bud dry weight, and total dry weight. This study used a factorial complete randomized design. There were two factors studied, namely the number of buds consisting of 2 levels: 2 buds and 1 bud, and the stem split factor. Each treatment was replicated 3 times and each experiment unit used 5 cuttings. The growth of sungkai cuttings in the treatment of two buds had a total dry weight of 170.04 grams, while the treatment of one bud had a total dry weight of 98.30 grams. The results of this study indicated that the more the number of latent buds, the more root and bud growth of cuttings.Keywords: Coppice; Latent buds; Cuttings; Sungkai

scholarly journals Competition between drought-tolerant upland rice cultivars and weeds under water stress condition

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.B. Cerqueira ◽  
E.A.L. Erasmo ◽  
J.I.C. Silva ◽  
T.V. Nunes ◽  
G.P. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Water Conditions

The objective of this study was to evaluate the competitiveness of two cultivars of upland rice drought-tolerant, cultured in coexistence with weed S. verticillata, under conditions of absence and presence of water stress. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Experimental Station of the Universidade Federal de Tocantins, Gurupi-TO Campus. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 2 x 2 x 4 with four replications. The treatments consisted of two rice cultivars under two water conditions and four densities. At 57 days after emergence, were evaluated in rice cultivars and weed S. verticillata leaf area, dry weight of roots and shoots and total concentration and depth of roots. Was also evaluated in rice cultivars, plant height and number of tillers. Water stress caused a reduction in leaf area, the concentration of roots and vegetative components of dry matter (APDM, and MSR MST) of rice cultivars and Jatoba Catetão and weed S. verticillata. The competition established by the presence of the weed provided reduction of all vegetative components (MSPA, and MSR MST) of cultivars and Jatoba Catetão. It also decreased the number of tillers, the concentration of roots and leaf area. At the highest level of weed competition with rice cultivars, a greater decrease in vegetative components and leaf area of culture, regardless of water conditions.

scholarly journals Improved tolerance of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) to drought stress and rewatering by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus claroideum: effect on growth and cell membrane stability

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Beltrano ◽  
Marta G. Ronco
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Severe Water Stress ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants ◽  
Total Dry Weight

The aim of this paper was to investigate the contribution of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus claroideum to drought stress tolerance in wheat plants grown under controlled conditions in a growth chamber, and subjected to moderate or severe water stress and rewatering. Water stress tolerance was determined through total dry weight, leaf relative water content, leakage of solutes and leaf chlorophyll and protein concentrations in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal wheat plants. Total dry weight and leaf chlorophyll concentrations were significantly higher in mycorrhizal plants after moderate or severe water stress treatments compared with non-mycorrhizal ones. Electrolyte leakage was significantly lower in water-stressed inoculated plants. Compared to non-inoculated plants, leaf relative water content and total protein concentration of inoculated individuals increased only under severe water stress. When irrigation was re-established, mycorrhizal plants increased their total dry weight and leaf chlorophyll concentration, and recovered cell membrane permeability in leaves compared with non-mycorrhizal plants. In conclusion, root colonization by G. claroideum could be an adequate strategy to alleviate the deleterious effects of drought stress and retard the senescence syndrome in wheat.

Water status and yield of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) subjected to water stress during four stages of development

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sionit
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Total Dry Weight

SummaryThe effects on seed yield of two levels of water stress at four stages of development were investigated in two varieties of sunflower, Krasnodarets and Record. The plants were grown from seed in large pots in an air-conditioned glasshouse at 26/20 °C and 70% relative humidity, with natural summer illumination. They were subjected to water stress before head formation, during head formation, during flowering, and during seed development.The leaf water potential of plants subjected to a water stress of – 16 bars returned to normal after rewatering, but plants subjected to – 23 bars did not return to their prestress level and some leaves died. A water stress of – 16 bars caused no significant reduction in dry weight of the vegetative structures, but stress at all stages of growth reduced seed yield. A water stress of – 23 bars reduced both total dry weight and seed yield at all stages of growth, seed yield being reduced more by a stress of – 23 bars than of – 16 bars. Oil content was slightly reduced by water stress.Water stress during anthesis reduced sunflower seed yield more than during later stages of development.

scholarly journals Light Use, Water Uptake and Performance of Individual Components of a Sorghum/Groundnut Intercrop

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Azam-Ali ◽  
R. B. Matthews ◽  
J. H. Williams ◽  
J. M. Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Proportional Increase ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Intercepted Radiation

SUMMARYThe productivity of each component of a sorghum/groundnut intercrop and its constituent sole crops is determined in terms of a ‘Crop Performance Ratio’ (CPR) defined as the productivity of an intercrop per unit area of ground compared with that expected from sole crops sown in the same proportions. The CPR allows productivity, intercepted radiation and seasonal transpiration to be compared so that conversion coefficients for radiation (e; g MJ−1) and dry matter/water ratios (q; g kg−1) can be calculated for each intercrop component and its constituent sole crops. In this experiment, CPR for total dry weight in the intercrop was 1.08 and that for reproductive yield was 1.27. These advantages in overall productivity and yield were typical of those reported elsewhere for sorghum/groundnut intercrops. The proportional increase in total dry matter in the intercrop was largely a result of its greater interception of radiation. The further advantage in reproductive yield was a consequence of an improved harvest index in the sorghum component of the intercrop (0.64) compared with that of its sole crop counterpart (0.55).

scholarly journals Assessment of Salicylic Acid Impacts on Seedling Characteristic of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under Water Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein MARDANI ◽  
Hassan BAYAT ◽  
Amir Hossein SAEIDNEJAD ◽  
Ehsan Eyshi REZAIE
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Randomized Design

Impacts of various concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedling characteristic were evaluated under different water stress levels by using a factorial arrangement based on completely randomized design with three replications at experimental greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The studied factors included three water deficit levels (100% FC, 80% FC, and 60% FC) considered as first factor and five levels of SA concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mM) as second factor. Results showed that foliar application of SA at the highest concentration enhanced leaf area, leaf and dry weight while decreased stomatal conductance under high level of water deficit stress. Though, severe water deficit stress sharply raised the SPAD reading values. In general, exogenous SA application could develop cucumber seedling characteristic and improve water stress tolerance.

scholarly journals Respon Akar Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Pre Nursery Pada Pemberian Air dan Pupuk Urea

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Yetti Elidar
Keyword(s):  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Water Plants ◽  
Number Of Treatment

The research objective was to determine the effect of water and the volume of urea fertilizer and the interaction of both the oil palm plant roots in the nursery early (pre nursery). This research was conducted in the Nursery Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mulawarman, Samarinda from February to May 2014. The study using completely randomized design (CRD) factorial 3 x 4 with three replications. The first factor is the volume of water (A) in the planting medium consists of three levels, namely: a1 = 100 cc of water plants-1; a2 = 200 cc of water plants-1; a3 = 300 cc water plant-1. The second factor is the provision of urea fertilizer (P), which consists of four levels, namely: p0 = without fertilizer urea; p1 = urea 1 g L-1 water to 100 seedlings; p2 = urea 2 g L-1 water to 100 seedlings; PP3 = urea 3 g L-1 water to 100 seedlings. Number of treatment were 12 and each treatment was repeated three times and each replication consisted of three plants so the total number is 108 plants. Data were statistically analyzed and tested further by testing the smallest Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% level. The results showed that the water volume of 200 cc of plant-1 (p2) provides the highest root dry weight average of 254.13 g. While the interaction between the water volume of 200 cc of plant-1 and dose of urea 3 g L-1 water (a2p3) provides the highest root dry weight average of 300,00 g.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and carbohydrate changes of two pomegranate cultivars under deficit irrigation stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e0809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Ebtedaie ◽  
Akhtar Shekafandeh
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Four Levels

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biochemical responses to water stress tolerance of two pomegranate cultivars, ‘Rabbab’ and ‘Shishehgap’. After the establishment of rooted stem cuttings of both cultivars under greenhouse conditions, they were treated with four levels of deficit irrigations (100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of field capacity) in a completely randomized design with four replications. The results showed a significant difference between the two cultivars regarding antioxidant enzymes activities. In both cultivars, the water stress increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. However, at high water deficit (25% field capacity, FC), ‘Rabbab’ showed significantly higher enzyme activity than ‘Shishehgap’. In each level of irrigation, there were not considerable differences in peroxidase activity between the two cultivars. An increment of 162% and 65.5% in soluble sugar was gained at 50% FC in ‘Rabbab’ and ‘Shishehgap’, respectively. ‘Rabbab’ showed better growth performance in each level of irrigation than ‘Shishehgap’. Therefore, it can be concluded that 'Rabbab', with lesser decline in leaf relative water content (RWC), a strong antioxidant system and accumulation of more soluble carbohydrates, can resist higher water stress than 'Shishehgap'.

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