scholarly journals Context-Aware and Locality-Constrained Coding for Image Categorization

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Wenhua Xiao ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Weidong Bao ◽  
Maojun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Feature Space ◽  
Local Features ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Image Categorization ◽  
Constrained Coding ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Coding Strategy ◽  
Further Development

Improving the coding strategy for BOF (Bag-of-Features) based feature design has drawn increasing attention in recent image categorization works. However, the ambiguity in coding procedure still impedes its further development. In this paper, we introduce a context-aware and locality-constrained Coding (CALC) approach with context information for describing objects in a discriminative way. It is generally achieved by learning a word-to-word cooccurrence prior to imposing context information over locality-constrained coding. Firstly, the local context of each category is evaluated by learning a word-to-word cooccurrence matrix representing the spatial distribution of local features in neighbor region. Then, the learned cooccurrence matrix is used for measuring the context distance between local features and code words. Finally, a coding strategy simultaneously considers locality in feature space and context space, while introducing the weight of feature is proposed. This novel coding strategy not only semantically preserves the information in coding, but also has the ability to alleviate the noise distortion of each class. Extensive experiments on several available datasets (Scene-15, Caltech101, and Caltech256) are conducted to validate the superiority of our algorithm by comparing it with baselines and recent published methods. Experimental results show that our method significantly improves the performance of baselines and achieves comparable and even better performance with the state of the arts.

scholarly journals Context-Aware Human Activity Recognition in Industrial Processes

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Friedrich Niemann ◽  
Stefan Lüdtke ◽  
Christian Bartelt ◽  
Michael ten Hompel
Keyword(s):  
Activity Recognition ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Recognition Model ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Information Activity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Motion Capturing

The automatic, sensor-based assessment of human activities is highly relevant for production and logistics, to optimise the economics and ergonomics of these processes. One challenge for accurate activity recognition in these domains is the context-dependence of activities: Similar movements can correspond to different activities, depending on, e.g., the object handled or the location of the subject. In this paper, we propose to explicitly make use of such context information in an activity recognition model. Our first contribution is a publicly available, semantically annotated motion capturing dataset of subjects performing order picking and packaging activities, where context information is recorded explicitly. The second contribution is an activity recognition model that integrates movement data and context information. We empirically show that by using context information, activity recognition performance increases substantially. Additionally, we analyse which of the pieces of context information is most relevant for activity recognition. The insights provided by this paper can help others to design appropriate sensor set-ups in real warehouses for time management.

scholarly journals Study of a Context Quality Model for UbiPri Middleware

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diandre de Paula ◽  
Daniel Saraiva ◽  
Romeiro Natália ◽  
Nuno Garcia ◽  
Valderi Leithardt
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Context Aware Computing ◽  
Quality Of Context ◽  
The Impact

With the growth of ubiquitous computing, context-aware computing-based applications are increasingly emerging, and these applications demonstrate the impact that context has on the adaptation process. From the context, it will be possible to adapt the application according to the requirements and needs of its users. Therefore, the quality of the context information must be guaranteed so that the application does not have an incorrect or unexpected adaptation process. But like any given data, there is the possibility of inaccuracy and/or uncertainty and so Quality of Context (QoC) plays a key role in ensuring the quality of context information and optimizing the adaptation process. To guarantee the Quality of Context it is necessary to study a quality model to be created, which will have the important function of evaluating the context information. Thus, it is necessary to ensure that the parameters and quality indicators to be used and evaluated are the most appropriate for a given type of application. This paper aims to study a context quality model for the UbiPri middleware, defining its quality indicators to ensure its proper functioning in the process of adaptation in granting access to ubiquitous environments. Keywords: QoC, Model, Context-Aware, Data, Privacy

Evaluation of Quality of Context Information in U-Health Smart Homes

2012 ◽  
pp. 179-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Bringel Filho ◽  
Nazim Agoulmine
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Smart Homes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Quality Of Context ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

Ubiquitous Health (U-Health) smart homes are intelligent spaces capable of observing and correctly recognizing the activities and health statuses of their inhabitants (context) to provide the appropriate support to achieve an overall sense of health and well-being in their inhabitants’ daily lives. With the intrinsic heterogeneity and large number of sources of context information, aggregating and reasoning on low-quality raw sensed data may result in conflicting and erroneous evaluations of situations, affecting directly the reliability of the U-Health systems. In this environment, the evaluation and verification of Quality of Context (QoC) information plays a central role in improving the consistency and correctness of context-aware U-Health applications. Therefore, the objective of this chapter is to highlight the impact of QoC on the correct behavior of U-Health systems, and introduce and analyze the existing approaches of modeling, evaluating, and using QoC to improve its context-aware decision-making support.

Service Selection with Uncertain Context Information

2012 ◽  
pp. 192-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Vanrompay ◽  
Manuele Kirsch-Pinheiro ◽  
Yolande Berbers
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Service Selection ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Selection Algorithm ◽  
Service Description ◽  
Inexact Matching ◽  
Service Ranking

The current evolution of Service-Oriented Computing in ubiquitous systems is leading to the development of context-aware services. Context-aware services are services of which the description is enriched with context information related to non-functional requirements, describing the service execution environment or its adaptation capabilities. This information is often used for discovery and adaptation purposes. However, in real-life systems, context information is naturally dynamic, uncertain, and incomplete, which represents an important issue when comparing the service description with user requirements. Uncertainty of context information may lead to an inexact match between provided and required service capabilities, and consequently to the non-selection of services. In this chapter, we focus on how to handle uncertain and incomplete context information for service selection. We consider this issue by presenting a service ranking and selection algorithm, inspired by graph-based matching algorithms. This graph-based service selection algorithm compares contextual service descriptions using similarity measures that allow inexact matching. The service description and non-functional requirements are compared using two kinds of similarity measures: local measures, which compare individually required and provided properties, and global measures, which take into account the context description as a whole.

Resolving and Mediating Ambiguous Contexts in Pervasive Environments

2011 ◽  
pp. 122-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmalya Roy ◽  
Sajal K. Das ◽  
Christine Julien
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Pervasive Computing ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
Optimal State Estimation

Pervasive computing applications envision sensor rich computing and networking environments that can capture various types of contexts of inhabitants of the environment, such as their locations, activities, vital signs, and environmental measures. Such context information is useful in a variety of applications, for example to manage health information to promote independent living in “aging-in-place” scenarios. In reality, both sensed and interpreted contexts are often ambiguous, leading to potentially dangerous decisions if not properly handled. Thus, a significant challenge facing the development of realistic and deployable context-aware services for pervasive computing applications is the ability to deal with these ambiguous contexts. In this chapter, the authors discuss a resource optimized quality assured ontology-driven context mediation framework for resource constrained sensor networks based on efficient context-aware data fusion and information theoretic sensor parameter selection for optimal state estimation. It has the ability to represent contexts according to the applications’ ontology and easily composable ontological rules to mediate ambiguous contexts.

Model and Infrastructure for Communications in Context-Aware Services

2011 ◽  
pp. 472-486
Author(s):  
Cristina Rodriguez-Sanchez ◽  
Susana Borromeo ◽  
Juan Hernandez-Tamames
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ambient Intelligent ◽  
New Type

The appearance of concepts such as “Ambient Intelligent”, “Ubiquitous Computing” and “Context-Awareness” is causing the development of a new type of services called “Context-Aware Services” that in turn may affect users of mobile communications. This technology revolution is a a complex process because of the heterogeneity of contents, devices, objects, technologies, resources and users that can coexist at the same local environment. The novel approach of our work is the development of a ”Local Infrastructure” in order to provide intelligent, transparent and adaptable services to the user as well as to solve the problem of local context control. Two contributions will be presented: conceptual model for developing a local infrastructure and an architecture design to control the service offered by the local infrastructure. This infrastructure proposed consists of an intelligent device network to link the personal portable device with the contextual services. The device design is modular, flexible, scalable, adaptable and reconfigurable remotely in order to tolerate new demanding services whenever are needed. Finally, the result suggests that we will be able to develop a wide range of new and useful applications, not conceived at origin.

Context-Aware Mobile and Wearable Device Interfaces

2015 ◽  
pp. 308-321
Author(s):  
Claas Ahlrichs ◽  
Hendrik Iben ◽  
Michael Lawo
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Design ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Wearable Computing ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Recent Developments

In this chapter, recent research on context-aware mobile and wearable computing is described. Starting from the observation of recent developments on Smartphones and research done in wearable computing, the focus is on possibilities to unobtrusively support the use of mobile and wearable devices. There is the observation that size and form matters when dealing with these devices; multimodality concerning input and output is important and context information can be used to satisfy the requirement of unobtrusiveness. Here, Frameworks as middleware are a means to an end. Starting with an introduction on wearable computing, recent developments of Frameworks for context-aware user interface design are presented, motivating the need for future research on knowledge-based intuitive interaction design.

‘A new image of the living theatre’: the Genesis and Design of the Belgrade Theatre, Coventry, 1948–58

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 347-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Fair
Keyword(s):  
Modern Architecture ◽  
City Council ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Living Theatre ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Post War ◽  
The City

When it opened in March 1958, the Belgrade Theatre, Coventry, was the first new professional theatre to be constructed in Britain for nearly two decades and the country’s first all-new civic theatre (Figs 1 and 2). Financially supported by Coventry City Council and designed in the City Architect’s office, it included a 910-seat auditorium with associated backstage facilities. Two features of the building were especially innovative, namely its extensive public foyers and the provision of a number of small flats for actors. The theatre, whose name commemorated a major gift of timber to the city of Coventry from the Yugoslav authorities, was regarded as the herald of a new age and indeed marked the beginning of a boom in British theatre construction which lasted until the late 1970s. Yet its architecture has hitherto been little considered by historians of theatre, while accounts of post-war Coventry have instead focused on other topics: the city’s politics; its replanning after severe wartime bombing; and the architecture of its new cathedral, designed by Basil Spence in 1950 and executed amidst international interest as a symbol of the city’s post-war recovery. However, the Belgrade also attracted considerable attention when it opened. The Observer’s drama critic, Kenneth Tynan, was especially effusive, asking ‘in what tranced moment did the City Council decided to spend £220,000 on a bauble as superfluous as a civic playhouse?’ For him, it was ‘one of the great decisions in the history of local government’. This article considers the architectural implications of that ‘great decision’. The main design moves are charted and related to the local context, in which the Belgrade was intended to function as a civic and community focus. In this respect, the Labour Party councillors’ wish to become involved in housing the arts reflected prevailing local and national party philosophy but was possibly amplified by knowledge of eastern European authorities’ involvement in accommodating and subsidizing theatre. In addition, close examination of the Belgrade’s external design, foyers and auditorium illuminates a number of broader debates in the architectural history of the period. The auditorium, for example, reveals something of the extent to which Modern architecture could be informed by precedent. Furthermore, the terms in which the building was received are also significant. Tynan commented: ‘enter most theatres, and you enter the gilded cupidacious past. Enter this one, and you are surrounded by the future’. Although it was perhaps inevitable that the Belgrade was thought to be unlike older theatres, given that there had been a two-decade hiatus in theatre-building, the resulting contrast was nonetheless rather appropriate, allowing the building to connote new ideas whilst also permitting us to read the Belgrade in terms of contemporary debates about the nature of the ‘modern monument’.

Context Aware Collaborative Working Environments

2010 ◽  
pp. 702-717
Author(s):  
Stephan Reiff-Marganiec ◽  
Yi Hong ◽  
Hong Qing Yu ◽  
Schahram Dustdar ◽  
Christoph Dorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
Computer Tools ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Collaborative Working ◽  
Mobile Worker

Collaborative Work Environments are software systems that allow teams, which are nowadays often distributed in location and organization to which they belong, to achieve certain projects or activities. In recent years, the available computer tools that can support such activities have grown; however, their integration is not necessarily achieved. Furthermore, users of such systems need to typically provide a large amount of setup information as the systems are not context-aware and hence cannot gather information about user activities in a simple way, and almost certainly will falter when the context of users changes. This chapter describes the inContext approach: a collection of novel techniques and a reference architecture to support integration of tools and context information to provide collaborative work environments for the mobile worker of today. We will explore in detail how collaborative services are selected and how context is modeled, and consider the details of team forms.

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