scholarly journals Nsambya Community Home-Based Care Complements National HIV and TB Management Efforts and Contributes to Health Systems Strengthening in Uganda: An Observational Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Massavon ◽  
Levi Mugenyi ◽  
Martin Nsubuga ◽  
Rebecca Lundin ◽  
Martina Penazzato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Health Systems Strengthening ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Home Based Care

Community Home-Based Care (CHBC) has evolved in resource-limited settings to fill the unmet needs of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). We compare HIV and tuberculosis (TB) outcomes from the Nsambya CHBC with national averages in Kampala, Uganda. This retrospective observational study compared HIV and TB outcomes from adults and children in the Nsambya CHBC to national averages from 2007 to 2011. Outcomes included numbers of HIV and TB patients enrolled into care, retention, loss to follow-up (LTFU), and mortality among patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at 12 months from initiation; new smear-positive TB cure and defaulter rates; and proportion of TB patients tested for HIV. Chi-square test and trends analyses were used to compare outcomes from Nsambya CHBC with national averages. By 2011, approximately 14,000 PLHA had been enrolled in the Nsambya CHBC, and about 4,000 new cases of TB were detected and managed over the study period. Overall, retention and LTFU of ART patients 12 months after initiation, proportion of TB patients tested for HIV, and cure rates for new smear-positive TB scored higher in the Nsambya CHBC compared to national averages. The findings show that Nsambya CHBC complements national HIV and TB management and results in more positive outcomes.

scholarly journals People living with HIV/AIDS and the utilization of home-based care services

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
pp. 3166-3174 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Oguntibeju O ◽  
T Ndalambo K ◽  
Mokgatle Nthabu M
Keyword(s):  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Home Based Care ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Specific immunotherapy using Hymenoptera venom: systematic review

2010 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Sayuri Watanabe ◽  
Luiz Augusto Marcondes Fonseca ◽  
Clóvis Eduardo Santos Galvão ◽  
Jorge Kalil ◽  
Fabio Fernandes Morato Castro
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Venom Immunotherapy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Adults And Children

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The only effective treatment for patients who have severe reactions after Hymenoptera stings is venom immunotherapy. The aim of this study was to review the literature to assess the effects of venom immunotherapy among patients presenting severe reactions after Hymenoptera stings. DESIGN AND SETTING: Randomized controlled trials in the worldwide literature were reviewed. The manuscript was produced in the Discipline of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). METHODS: Randomized controlled trials involving venom immunotherapy versus placebo or only patient follow-up were evaluated. The risk of systemic reactions after specific immunotherapy was evaluated by calculating odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: 2,273 abstracts were identified by the keywords search. Only four studies were included in this review. The chi-square test for heterogeneity showed that two studies were homogeneous and could be included in a meta-analysis. By combining the two studies, the odds ratio became significant: 0.29 (0.10-0.87). However, analysis on the severity of the reactions after immunotherapy showed that the benefits may not be so significant because the reactions were mostly similar to or milder than the original reaction. CONCLUSIONS: Specific immunotherapy should be recommended for adults and children with moderate to severe reactions, but there is no need to prescribe it for children with skin reactions alone, especially if the exposure is very sporadic. On the other hand, the risk-benefit relation should always be assessed in each case.

scholarly journals High Incidence, Re-Infections, and Active Syphilis in Populations Attending a Specialized HIV Clinic in Mexico, a Dynamic Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar David Tumalán-Gil ◽  
Verónica Ruiz-González ◽  
Santa García-Cisneros ◽  
Andrea González-Rodríguez ◽  
Antonia Herrera-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Transgender Persons ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Active Syphilis

Abstract Background. Syphilis has reemerged in many vulnerable groups around the world. The objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence and incidence of syphilis among people who attended a specialized HIV clinic in Mexico from 2011-2015. Methods. Databases from the laboratory were analyzed and four groups were formed: people seeking HIV-1 voluntary counseling and testing (VCT), people in prison (PPr), people living with HIV (PLWH) and patients from primary care clinics (others). Syphilis diagnosis was made using the reverse algorithm; antibody titers were examined to determine the stage of infection. Baseline data was analyzed, and with follow-up information, a retrospective dynamic cohort was formed. Factors associated with seroprevalence of syphilis and active syphilis were evaluated by the chi-square test. Moreover, risk factors for the incidence of syphilis were described. Results. A total of 81,863 baseline individuals were analyzed. Syphilis seroprevalence was 9.9% in VCT, 8.2% in PPr, 37.0% in PLWH, and 8.7% in others; the prevalence of active syphilis was 1.7-13.1%. A total of 11,124 people were followed-up; the incidence (cases per 100 years people) was 3.5 among VCT and 16.0 among PLWH; moreover, the frequency of re-infections was 11.1-24.4%. Men, transgender, persons between 20-39 years old, and individuals with a history of HIV or hepatitis B had a higher risk of syphilis. Conclusions. Several vulnerable groups have exhibited a reemergence of syphilis, with high prevalence of active syphilis, high incidence, and re-infections. Persons living with HIV had the highest risk.

Overweight and obesity in people living with HIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christefany Régia Braz Costa ◽  
Elizabete Santos Melo ◽  
Marcela Antonini ◽  
Priscila Silva Pontes ◽  
Elucir Gir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Living With Hiv

ABSTRACT Objective To identify overweight and obesity and as associated variables in people living with HIV. Method Cross-sectional, quantitative and analytical study, developed in specialized services in southeastern Brazil. Individual specifics were carried out from 2014 to 2016. Pearson's Chi-Square test, Logistic Regression and OddsRatio (OR) were used. Results Of the 340 respondents, 47.7% were overweight. The highest abdominal circumferences and lipid changes were predominantly among the highest body mass index (BMI). The greatest chances of obtaining BMI values>25 kg/m² were among men (OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.02-2.42), having metabolic syndrome (OR: 5.66; 95% CI: 3.26-9.83) and the undue (OR: 3.89; 95% CI: 2.17-7.00). However, having self-reported hypertension was configured as a protective factor (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08-0.44). Conclusion The frequency of obesity and overweight between PLHIV was high. There was an association of male gender, metabolic syndrome and smoking with weight gain. The presence of self-reported hypertension was considered a protective factor.

scholarly journals Home-Based Care and Perceived Quality of Life Among People Living with HIV in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Quyen Thi Tu Bui ◽  
Deborah Bain Brickley ◽  
Van Thi Thu Tieu ◽  
Nancy K. Hills
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Perceived Quality Of Life ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Home Based Care

Walking for Transport Versus Recreation: A Comparison of Participants, Timing, and Locations

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie E. L. Spinney ◽  
Hugh Millward ◽  
Darren Scott
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Recreational Walking

Background:Walking is the most common physical activity for adults with important implications for urban planning and public health. Recreational walking has received considerably more attention than walking for transport, and differences between them remain poorly understood.Methods:Using time-use data collected from 1971 randomly-chosen adults in Halifax, Canada, we identified walking for transport and walking for recreation events, and then computed participation rates, occurrences, mean event durations, and total daily durations in order to examine the participants and timing, while the locations were examined using origin-destination matrices. We compared differences using McNemar’s test for participation rates, Wilcoxon test for occurrences and durations, and Chi-Square test for locations.Results:Results illustrate many significant differences between the 2 types of walking, related to participants, timing, and locations. For example, results indicate a daily average of 3.1 walking for transport events, each lasting 8 minutes on average, compared with 1.4 recreational walking events lasting 39 minutes on average. Results also indicate more than two-thirds of recreational walks are home-based, compared with less than one-fifth of transport walks.Conclusions:This research highlights the importance of both types of walking, while also casting suspicion on the traditional home-based paradigm used to measure “walkability.”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document