scholarly journals Protective Effects of Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue Formula against 5/6 Nephrectomy-Induced Chronic Renal Failure in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Rao Lu ◽  
Hai-Yan Han ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Chong-Xiang Xiong ◽  
Xin-Hua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Amelioration ◽  
Serious Disease

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a serious disease related to increasing incidence and prevalence as well as decline in quality of life. Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue formula (BSHX), one of traditional herbal formulations, has been clinically employed to treat CRF for decades, but the mechanisms involved have not been investigated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of BSHX on some closely related parameters in 5/6 nephrectomy CRF rats. Rats with CRF were divided into five groups, namely, one control group, one enalapril group, and three BSHX treatment groups (0.25, 0.5, and 1 g/kg·d). The rats subjected to sham operation were used as a normal control. After eight weeks of treatment, BSHX significantly decreased the levels of Scr and BUN, downregulated the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1, CTGF, NF-κB, TNF-α, and OPN, upregulated the mRNA expression of PPARγ, and reducedin situexpression of fibronectin and laminins. Histological findings also showed significant amelioration of the damaged renal tissue. BSHX protects 5/6 nephrectomy rats against chronic renal failure probably via regulating the expression of TNF-α, NF-κB, TGF-β1, CTGF, PPARγ, OPN, fibronectin, and laminins and is useful for therapy of CRF.

Abstract 1690: Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy by Carperitide

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuji Morikawa ◽  
Takahito Sone ◽  
Hideyuki Tsuboi ◽  
Hiroaki Mukawa ◽  
Itsuro Morishima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy

Introduction: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) remains as a common complication of angiographic procedure. Carperitide, an antagonist of secretion of rennin, aldosterone and vasopressin with natriuretic effects, has renal protective effects. Hypothesis: Carperitide may be effective in preventing CIN. Methods: We prospectively studied 170 consecutive patients with chronic renal failure (serum creatinine(SCr) concentration >1.3mg/dl)who underwent coronary angiography. The patients were randomly assigned to either 1.3ml/kg/hr of lactated Ringer’s infusion plus carperitide 0.042μg/kg/min (Carperitide group N=86) or lactated Ringer’s infusion alone (Control group N=84). The administration was initiated 6 hours prior to the procedure and continued for 48 hours after angiography. The concentration of SCr and cystatin C were measured at baseline, 24 hours, 48 hours, 1 week, and 1 month following the angiography. Results: The SCr concentration increased gradually up to one month in the Control group, whereas remained almost unchanged in the Carperitide group (p=0.001 for the trend, Figure ). The cystatin C concentration also showed the same trend (p=0.013 for the trend, Figure ). When CIN was defined as an increase of ≥0.5 mg/dl or ≥25% in the SCr at 48 hours after angiography, CIN developed in 7 of 84 patients (8%) in the Control group and 1 of 86 patients (1%) in the Carperitide group (P=0.047). Multivariate analysis disclosed that carperitide infusion (OR 0.097, P=0.041) and quantity of contrast media (OR 14.06, P=0.004) were significantly related to the development of CIN. Conclusions: Carperitide is effective in preventing CIN in patients with chronic renal failure.

scholarly journals Paeonol, a Major Compound of Moutan Cortex, Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyojung Lee ◽  
Gihyun Lee ◽  
Hyunseong Kim ◽  
Hyunsu Bae
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Moutan Cortex

Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic agent that is used for the treatment of a variety of cancers; however, its nephrotoxicity limits the use of this drug. In the present study, we examined whether paeonol, a major compound of Moutan Cortex, has protective effects on cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in mice. To accomplish this, Balb/c mice (6 to 8 wk of age, weighing 20 to 25 g) were administered, Moutan Cortex (300 mg/kg) or paeonol (20 mg/kg) once a day. At day 4, mice received cisplatin (30, 20, or 10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The paeonol-treated group showed marked attenuation of serum creatine and blood urea nitrogen levels as well as reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide when compared to the control group. In addition, the paeonol-treated group showed prolonged survival and marked attenuation of renal tissue injury. Taken together, these results demonstrated that paeonol can prevent the renal toxic effects of cisplatin.

Mechanism Involved in Fortification by Berberine in CDDP-Induced Nephrotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin K. Verma ◽  
Salma Malik ◽  
Ekta Mutneja ◽  
Anil K. Sahu ◽  
Kumari Rupashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Beclin 1 ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway has been shown to protect against cisplatin- induced nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities in various experimental models. Aim: To check the effect of Ber on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to explore the involved mechanism. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Normal, cisplatin-control, treatment groups and per se group. Normal saline and Ber (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg; p.o.) was administered to rats for 10 days. A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg) was injected on 7th day to induced nephrotoxicity. On 10th day, rats were sacrificed, the kidney was removed and stored for the estimation of various parameters. Results: As compared to cisplatin-control group, Ber pretreatment improved renal function system and preserved renal architecture. It also diminished oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 proteins. In addition, Ber attenuated the cisplatin mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, it also reduced the phosphorylation of p38/JNK and PARP/Beclin-1 expression in the kidney. Conclusion: Ber attenuated renal injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting JNK/p38MAPKs/ PARP/Beclin-1 expression which prevented oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in renal tissue.

Glycine and L-Arginine supplementation ameliorates gastro-duodenal toxicity in a rat model of NSAID (Diclofenac)-gastroenteropathy via inhibition of oxidative stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinleye Stephen Akinrinde ◽  
Halimot Olawalarami Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Significant Amelioration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Objectives This study examined the possible protective roles of exogenous glycine (Gly) and L-Arginine (l-Arg) against Diclofenac (DIC)-induced gastro-duodenal damage in rats. Methods Rats were divided into Group A (control), Group B (DIC group) and Groups C–F which were pre-treated for five days with Gly1 (250 mg/kg), Gly2 (500 mg/kg), l-Arg1 (200 mg/kg) and l-Arg2 (400 mg/kg), respectively, before co-treatment with DIC for another three days. Hematological, biochemical and histopathological analyses were then carried out. Results DIC produced significant (p<0.05) reduction in PCV (13.82%), Hb (46.58%), RBC (30.53%), serum total protein (32.72%), albumin (28.44%) and globulin (38.01%) along with significant (p<0.05) elevation of serum MPO activity (83.30%), when compared with control. In addition, DIC increased gastric H2O2 and MDA levels by 33.93 and 48.59%, respectively, while the duodenal levels of the same parameters increased by 19.43 and 85.56%, respectively. Moreover, SOD, GPx and GST activities in the DIC group were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the stomach (21.12, 24.35 and 51.28%, respectively) and duodenum (30.59, 16.35 and 37.90%, respectively), compared to control. Treatment with Gly and l-Arg resulted in significant amelioration of the DIC-induced alterations although l-Arg produced better amelioration of RBC (29.78%), total protein (10.12%), albumin (9.93%) and MPO (65.01%), compared to the DIC group. The protective effects of both amino acids against oxidative stress parameters and histological lesions were largely similar. Conclusions The data from this study suggest that Gly or l-Arg prevented DIC-induced gastro-duodenal toxicity and might, therefore be useful in improving the therapeutic index of DIC.

Effect of Proportional Reduction of Sodium Intake on the Adaptive Increase in Glomerular Filtration Rate/Nephron and Potassium and Phosphate Excretion in Chronic Renal Failure in the Rat

1975 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Espinel
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phosphate Excretion

1. The influence of dietary sodium intake on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR/nephron) and potassium and phosphate excretion was examined at three stages of progressive chronic renal failure produced in rats by sequential partial nephrectomies. 2. The adaptive increased sodium excretion per nephron in the control group receiving a constant sodium intake did not occur in the experimental group that had a gradual reduction of dietary sodium in direct proportion to the fall in GFR. 3. Despite the difference in sodium excretion, the increase in GFR/nephron, the daily variation in the amount of potassium and phosphate excreted, the increase in potassium and phosphate excretion per unit nephron, and the plasma potassium and phosphate concentrations were the same in the two groups. 4. The concept of ‘autonomous adaptation’ in chronic renal failure is presented.

scholarly journals Probucol Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-induced Oxidative Apoptosis, p53 and Bax Signal Expression in Rat Cardiac Tissues

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousif A. Asiri
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Cardiac Tissues

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used drug in cancer chemotherapy and immunosuppression, which could cause toxicity of the normal cells due to its toxic metabolites. Probucol, a cholesterol-lowering drug, acts as potential inhibitor of DNA damage and shows to protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by enhancing the endogenous antioxidant system including glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase. This study examined the possible protective effects of probucol, a lipid-lowering compound with strong antioxidant properties, against CPinduced cardiotoxicity. This objective could be achieved through studying the gene expression-based on the possible protective effects of probucol against CP-induced cardiac failure in rats. Adult male Wistar albino rats were assigned into four treatment groups: Animals in the first (control) and second (probucol) groups were injected intraperitoneally with corn oil and probucol (61 mg/kg/day), respectively, for two weeks. Animals in the third (CP) and fourth (probucol plus CP) groups were injected with the same doses of corn oil and probucol (61 mg/kg/day), respectively, for one week before and one week after a single dose of CP (200 mg/kg, I.P.). The p53, Bax, Bcl2 and oxidative genes signal expression were measured by real time PCR. CP-induced cardiotoxicity was clearly observed by a significant increase in serum creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) (117%), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (64%), free (69%) and esterified cholesterol (42%) and triglyceride (69%) compared to control group. In cardiac tissues, CP significantly increases the mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes, p53 with two-fold and Bax with 1.6-fold, and decreases the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 with 0.5-fold. Moreover, CP caused downregulation of antioxidant genes, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (40%) and ATP/ADP (44%) in cardiac tissues. Probucol pretreatment not only counteracted significantly the CP-induced increase in cardiac enzymes and apoptosis but also induced a significant increase in mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and improved ATP, ATP/ADP, glutathione (GSH) in cardiac tissues. In conclusion, data from the present study suggest that probucol prevents the development of CP-induced cardiotoxicity by a mechanism related, at least in part, to its ability to increase mRNA expression of antioxidant genes and to decrease apoptosis in cardiac tissues with the consequent improvement in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and energy production.

scholarly journals ROLE OF CARDIAC MARKERS IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS.

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-82
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandra Thanna ◽  
B K Agarwal ◽  
Rakesh Romday ◽  
Neha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are known as important reasons of the increased morbidity and mortality observed in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). The association of serum Interlukin-6 , homocysteine as well as other cardiovascular risk factors in relation to existence and cause of CVD were investigated. Method: In this study 200 CRF patients were recruited and further stratified into group with Male and Female as case groups. Those without renal failure were assigned as control group (n=200). Results: The patients with CRF showed a significant increase in plasma levels of Cpk-MB homocysteine and C-reactive protein (CRP) compared to control. The positive association were observed between homocysteine, Urea and Hs-CRP, IL_6 . It shows a significant Association of parameters in CRF . Conclusion: The results demonstrated elevation in plasma values IL-6 , homocysteine and HS-CRP in patients with CRF . However, these modifications may be lead to atherosclerosis and consequence CVD event. These parameters may be important with respect to the high morbidity and mortality of CVD found in patients with CRF.

scholarly journals mRNA expression of preproPTH and growth-related genes in secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure patients. Effect of 1,25(OH)2D3.

1995 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Haruyuki Hayashi ◽  
Yasubumi Irie ◽  
Kazuo Yokozeki ◽  
Susumu Kobayashi ◽  
Yasushi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Mrna Expression

scholarly journals Tocotrienol Attenuates Stress-Induced Gastric Lesions via Activation of Prostaglandin and Upregulation of COX-1 mRNA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina ◽  
Yusof Kamisah ◽  
Kien Hui Chua ◽  
Hj Mohd Saad Qodriyah
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Gastric Acidity ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Rat Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Cox 1

The present study aims to distinguish the effect of tocotrienol on an important gastric protective factor, prostaglandin E2(PGE2), in stress-induced gastric injury. Twenty-eight Wistar rats were divided into four groups of seven rats each. Two control groups were fed commercial rat diet, and two treatment groups were fed the same diet but with additional dose of omeprazole (20 mg/kg) or tocotrienol (60 mg/kg). After 28 days, rats from one control group and both treated groups were subjected to water-immersion restraint stress for 3.5 hours once. The rats were then sacrificed, their stomach isolated and gastric juice collected, lesions examined, and gastric PGE2content and cyclooxygenase (COX) mRNA expression were determined. Both the regimes significantly attenuated the total lesion area in the stomach compared to the control. Gastric acidity, which was increased in stress, was significantly reduced in rats supplemented with omeprazole and tocotrienol. The PGE2content was also significantly higher in the rats given tocotrienol supplementation compared to the control followed by an increase in COX-1 mRNA expression. We conclude that tocotrienol supplementation protected rat gastric mucosa against stress-induced lesions possibly by reducing gastric acidity and preserving gastric PGE2by increasing COX-1 mRNA.

scholarly journals Effect of chronic renal failure on the hepatic, intestinal, and renal expression of bile acid transporters

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (1) ◽  
pp. F130-F137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibo Gai ◽  
Lei Chu ◽  
Christian Hiller ◽  
Denis Arsenijevic ◽  
Carlos A. Penno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Serum Bile Acid ◽  
Protein Levels

Although the kidney is believed to play a minor role in bile acid (BA) excretion, chronic renal failure (CRF) has been reported to be associated with increased serum bile acid levels and alterations in BA homeostasis. The mechanisms for elevated BA levels are poorly understood in both clinical and experimental studies. This study was designed to examine the effects of naturally progressing CRF of longer duration on the hepatic and renal mRNA and protein levels of the BA-synthesizing enzyme Cyp7a1 and the BA transporters Ntcp, Bsep, Mrp3, Ost-α, and Ost-β. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to the CRF group (⅚ nephrectomy) or to the sham-operated control group and were analyzed 8 wk after surgery. Results obtained in the CRF rats were compared with those obtained in rats that had undergone uninephrectomy (UNX). The CRF group exhibited significantly increased plasma cholesterol and BA concentrations. Hepatic Cyp7a1 mRNA and protein levels were almost identical in the two groups. Hepatic Mrp3, Ost-α, and Ost-β expression was increased, suggesting increased basolateral efflux of bile acids into the blood. However, no such changes in BA transporter expression were observed in the remnant kidney. In UNX rats, similar changes in plasma BA levels and in the expression of BA transporters were found. We hypothesize that the increase in plasma BA is an early event in the progression of CRF and is caused by increased efflux across the basolateral hepatocyte membrane.

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