scholarly journals Countermeasures to Avoid Noncooperation in Fully Self-Organized VANETs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jezabel Molina-Gil ◽  
Pino Caballero-Gil ◽  
Cándido Caballero-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Transmitted Information ◽  
Cooperation Mechanism ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Individual Nodes

The secure and efficient exchange of information in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) involves more challenges than in any other type of ad hoc networks. This paper proposes a new vehicular communication system based on mobile phones for fully distributed and decentralized networks. In these networks, communications depend on individual nodes, which could decrease the efficiency and reliability of transmitted information. Besides, the limitation in the resources of mobile devices is an additional obstacle in the forwarding problem, and the content of the information generated by individual nodes must be considered inherently unreliable. In particular, this paper proposes the application of groups as a basis structure for a cooperation mechanism useful in event generation and in packet retransmission. Its aim is to promote the involvement of nodes in network performance. Given that such participation involves consumption of node resources, a group-based structure is here used not only to reduce communication overload but also to prevent sending false information and to encourage nodes in relaying packets. Several simulations of the proposal have been done, and the results have confirmed that this is a promising approach to increase network efficiency and trust in transmitted information, while reducing the number of selfish nodes in VANETs.

scholarly journals Delay-Bounded and Cost-Limited RSU Deployment in Urban Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Yang ◽  
Zongpu Jia ◽  
Guojun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Coverage Ratio ◽  
Binary Differential Evolution ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Feasible Solutions

As an auxiliary facility, roadside units (RSUs) can well improve the shortcomings incurred by ad hoc networks and promote network performance in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). However, deploying a large number of RSUs will lead to high installation and maintenance costs. Therefore, trying to find the best locations is a key issue when deploying RSUs with the set delay and budget. In this paper, we study the delay-bounded and cost-limited RSU deployment (DBCL) problem in urban VANET. We prove it is non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-hard), and a binary differential evolution scheme is proposed to maximize the number of roads covered by deploying RSUs. Opposite-based learning is introduced to initialize the first generation, and a binary differential mutation operator is designed to obtain binary coding. A random variable is added to the traditional crossover operator to increase population diversity. Also, a greedy-based individual reparation and promotion algorithm is adopted to repair infeasible solutions violating given constraints, and to gain optimal feasible solutions with the compromise of given limits. Moreover, after selection, a solution promotion algorithm is executed to promote the best solution found in generation. Simulation is performed on analog trajectories sets, and results show that our proposed algorithm has a higher road coverage ratio and lower packet loss compared with other schemes.

Efficient angular routing protocol for inter-vehicular communication in vehicular ad hoc networks

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 826 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Dhurandher ◽  
S. Misra ◽  
M.S. Obaidat ◽  
M. Gupta ◽  
K. Diwakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Hoc Networks

Applications in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 229-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzung-Shi Chen ◽  
Hua-Wen Tsai ◽  
Yi-Shiang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
V2v Communication ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Communication Needs

The various sensors and wireless communication devices have been extensively applied to daily life due to the advancements of microelectronics mechanism and wireless technologies. Recently, vehicular communication systems and applications become more and more important to people in daily life. Vehicular communication systems that can transmit and receive information to and from individual vehicles have the potential to significantly increase the safety of vehicular transportation, improve traffic flow on congested roads, and decrease the number of people of deaths and injuries in vehicular collisions effectively. This system relies on direct communication between vehicles to satisfy the communication needs of a large class of applications, such as collision avoidance, passing assistance, platooning. In addition, vehicular communication systems can be supplemented by roadside infrastructure to access Internet and other applications. This system forms a special case of mobile ad hoc networks called Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). They can be formed between vehicles with vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication or between vehicles and an infrastructure with vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication. The applications and characteristics of VANETs are introduced and presented in this Chapter.

scholarly journals An Improved Version of Particle Swarm Optimization (I-Pso) Based Routing Scheme for Vehicular Adhoc Networks (Vanet)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 2070-2073
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Proactive Routing ◽  
Moving Vehicles ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Hoc Networks

A special kind of Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) is Vehicular ad -hoc networks (VANETs). The higher moving vehicles speed is the major issues relative with it. This affects the network instability and topological changes of communication routes. For VANETs, routing protocols is the difficulty that the research group mainly focus on. For vehicular communication, the familiar protocols of MANET proactive routing are used extensively. For VANET, they are not sufficient ones. In dynamic circumstances, route instability is the major issues with the protocols. To resolve the denoted issues, this work merges the PSO and multi-agent system methods and devised an improved PSO (i-PSO) algorithm. To examine the efficiency of our method, we have performed some experimentation. Superior results are exhibited by the proposed technique.

Model of Vehicular Movement in Simulation of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Cui Zhang ◽  
Xu Xu ◽  
Zhi Gang Wang ◽  
Ping Xiao ◽  
Xiao Fei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Movement Model ◽  
Motion Features ◽  
Hoc Networks

Currently, the research on Vehicular Ad hoc Networks(VANETs) is hot. Vehicular movement model is an important factor, which affects the simulation results of VANETs. In the simulation of VANETs, Vehicular movement model used in the urban environment should consider not only the characteristics of the vehicular movement, but also the role of obstructing the radio waves. In this paper, after a detailed analysis of vehicle motion features, it gives a vehicular movement model based on directed graph. The simulation shows that the model can well reflect the movement of vehicles in the real world, and the influence of urban environment on the network performance.

scholarly journals Capacity of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Based on Multibeam Directional Transmission

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Yuhua Wang ◽  
Laixian Peng ◽  
Renhui Xu
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Directional Transmission ◽  
Hoc Networks

The development of multibeam directional transmission technology used in vehicular ad hoc networks is drawing much more attention in recent years due to its wider coverage ability than omnidirectional transmission. In this paper, we analyse the transport capacity of the vehicular network using different antenna modes in the transmitter and receiver end, respectively. We first construct the cross-layer model comprising the characteristic of the directional antenna model, arbitrary network model, and interference model. Then, based on scaling laws, we calculate the upper and lower bound of the network capacity with and without the directional multibeam transmission technology. In order to reduce the capacity lower bound computation complexity, several topology frameworks are constructed while taking various interferences into account included in the actual project. Finally, we analyse the capacity under changes of different parameters and also evaluate the law of capacity changes to discover how much improvement multibeam transmission technology can bring to the network performance. Analysis shows that compared with DTOR and OTDR mode, DTDR mode can continue to increase network capacity by 2 to 3 times on the basis of the above two modes.

Architecture of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

2010 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Debika Bhattacharyya ◽  
Mr. Avijit Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Ieee 802.11P ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Networking Technologies ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Distinguishing Property

Over the last few years Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) have gained much attention within the automobile industry and the research applications. Vehicular Ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a subgroup of mobile adhoc networks (MANETs) with the distinguishing property that the nodes are vehicles like cars, trucks, buses and motorcycles. Nodes are expected to communicate by means of North American direct short-range communication (DSRC) standard [1] that employs the IEEE 802.11p standard for wireless communication and describes a MAC and PHY specifications for wireless connectivity. This chapter deals with the basic architecture of VANET and wired and wireless technology for intra-vehicular communication. Two prominent networking technologies such as Local Interconnect Network (LIN) and the Controller Area Network (CAN) for wired intra-vehicular communication have also been discussed. The objective of this chapter is to explain inter-vehicular communication and the components of a smart vehicle.

scholarly journals A QoS Based Adaptive Backoff Scheme for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianjiao Zhang ◽  
Qi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Media Access Control ◽  
Media Access ◽  
The Media ◽  
Hoc Networks

The media access control (MAC) protocol is a key element in the design of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) that directly affects the network performance. The backoff schemes of existing MAC protocols apply the single backoff process and therefore are not suitable for multi-class data transmission. Additionally, they cannot satisfy the delay requirements of emergency data in the case of varying number of vehicles, causing an adverse effect to the intelligent transportation system (ITS). This paper presents a priority-based adaptive backoff scheme that can enhance the binary exponential backoff (BEB) algorithm as well as the polynomial backoff (QB) algorithm. This system distinguishes priority data with different delay requirements first and designs different backoff schemes for each type of data later. The two-dimensional Markov Chain is used to analyze the backoff scheme and determine the expressions for throughput and delay. The simulation results show that the backoff scheme provided by this paper can reduce the average data delay and regulate each kind of data delay adaptively, according to the varying number of vehicles and different delay requirements.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Vanets Routing Protocols

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Harrabi ◽  
Ines Ben Jaafar ◽  
Khaled Ghedira
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Vehicle Communication ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Hoc Networks

Abstract Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are a particular class of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). The VANETs provide wireless communication among vehicles and vehicle-to-road-side units. Even though the VANETs are a specific type of MANETs, a highly dynamic topology is a main feature that differentiates them from other kinds of ad hoc networks. As a result, designing an efficient routing protocol is considered a challenge. The performance of vehicle-to-vehicle communication depends on how better the routing protocol takes in consideration the particularities of the VANETs. Swarm Intelligence (SI) is considered as a promising solution to optimize vehicular communication costs. In this paper, we explore the SI approach to deal with the routing problems in the VANETs. We also evaluate and compare two swarming agent-based protocols using numerous QoS parameters, namely the average end-to-end delay and the ratio packet loss which influence the performance of network communication.

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