scholarly journals HBV and HCV Coinfection among HIV/AIDS Patients in the National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Vietnam

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bùi Vũ Huy ◽  
Kanxay Vernavong ◽  
Nguyễn Văn Kính
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
Hcv Coinfection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Aim. To examine prevalence and characterization of HBV and HCV coinfection among HIV/AIDS patients.Methods. This cross-sectional, retrospective study analyzed 724 HIV/AIDS patients in the HIV clinic at the National Hospital of Tropical Diseases (NHTD), from 5/2005 to 4/2011.Results. The prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV coinfection was 50.3% (364/724), of which HbsAg, HCV, and both of HbsAg, and HCV positivity were 8.4%, 35.4%, and 6.5%, respectively. The cohort (364 patients) with HBV, HCV, and HIV coinfection live in the 30 provinces/cities in the North and Central area of Vietnam. We found statistically significant associations between heightened risk of coinfection with HIV and HCV in the age group 30–39 years (P<0.001), male gender (P<0.001), never married patients (P<0.001), patients with a history of injection drug use (P<0.001), and clinical stages 2–4 (P<0.001). Coinfection with HBV/HIV was statistically significant associations between heightened risk of marital status (never married) (P<0.001) and those who reported transmission through sexual intercourse.Conclusion. Coinfection with viral hepatitis is common in HIV patients; further study of the impact and evolution of coinfection is necessary to find effective treatment algorithms.

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS patients adherence to antiretroviral therapy and the impact of the use of psychoactive substances

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Helena Gonzales Real ◽  
Karen Jansen ◽  
Fernanda Pedrotti Moreira ◽  
André Gonzales Real
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Substance Involvement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objective: Describe the profile of the HIV/AIDS patients who use psychoactive substances; relate the use of psychoactive substances and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) to non-adherence; and identify the main barriers for non-adherence. Methods: A cross-sectional study in a population of HIV/AIDS patients under ART prescription. Non-adherence to ART was considered when the patients presented a viral load higher than 40 copies per mL. The use of psychoactive substances was evaluated by Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Results: From 320 HIV/AIDS patients analyzed, 18.8% were not adhering to ART, 25.8% used alcohol, 21.7% smoked and 29.7% used some illicit psychoactive substance. The barriers were: high number of pills to be taken; fear that other people may know they are sick; difficulty of taking so many pills (if they do not feel sick); and they do not believe in the efficacy of the treatment (would rather try alternative treatments). Conclusion: Patients under higher risk are not white and young, from lower social classes, and use psychoactive substances. Strategies should focus on the promotion of adherence considering the barriers reported.

scholarly journals Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination and its Related Factors Among HIV/AIDS Patients in Guangxi, China: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinming Su ◽  
Zhenwei Jia ◽  
Fengxiang Qin ◽  
Rongfeng Chen ◽  
Yuting Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Vaccination is the most effective approach against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic. This study aimed to investigate acceptance and the predominant influential factors of COVID-19 vaccination among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in five cities in Guangxi from 7 May to 1 June 2021. Questionnaires on the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination and the influential factors were conducted among HIV/AIDS patients recruited by random cluster sampling. We performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among HIV/AIDS patients. Results Of all the participants (n = 903), 72.9% (n = 658) were willing to accept the COVID-19 vaccine and there was no statistically significant difference between CD4+T cell count and willingness to vaccinate using stratified analysis (P > 0.05). The main reason for willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine was fear of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (76.0%), whereas patients who were reluctant to receive the vaccine were mainly concerned about the safety of the vaccine (54.7%) and whether it would impact anti-retroviral therapy(ART) efficacy (50.6%). The most significant factors influencing vaccination were concerns that the vaccine was unsafe in HIV patients (OR=0.082, 95%CI = 0.024–0.282) and that it would be less effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV patients (OR = 0.093, 95%CI = 0.030–0.287). Other factors associated with acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine included Zhuang ethnicity (OR=1.653, 95%CI=1.109–2.465), the highest education level of middle school and high school or above (OR=1.747, 95%CI=1.170–2.608; OR=2.492, 95%CI=1.326–4.682), unknown vaccination type (OR=0.487, 95%CI=0.305–0.776) and little vaccine influence on ART efficacy (OR=2.889, 95%CI=1.378-6.059). Conclusions Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination is high among HIV/AIDS patients, although some patients refused vaccination because of vaccine safety and influence on ART efficacy. More research is needed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 vaccine on the efficacy of ART and to evaluate its effectiveness in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV patients so that concerns about COVID-19 vaccination issues can be addressed in HIV patients.

scholarly journals A Tale of Two Viruses: Immunological Insights Into HCV/HIV Coinfection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaa T. Gobran ◽  
Petronela Ancuta ◽  
Naglaa H. Shoukry
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Hiv Reservoir ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
Hcv Coinfection ◽  
The Impact

Nearly 2.3 million individuals worldwide are coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Odds of HCV infection are six times higher in people living with HIV (PLWH) compared to their HIV-negative counterparts, with the highest prevalence among people who inject drugs (PWID) and men who have sex with men (MSM). HIV coinfection has a detrimental impact on the natural history of HCV, including higher rates of HCV persistence following acute infection, higher viral loads, and accelerated progression of liver fibrosis and development of end-stage liver disease compared to HCV monoinfection. Similarly, it has been reported that HCV coinfection impacts HIV disease progression in PLWH receiving anti-retroviral therapies (ART) where HCV coinfection negatively affects the homeostasis of CD4+ T cell counts and facilitates HIV replication and viral reservoir persistence. While ART does not cure HIV, direct acting antivirals (DAA) can now achieve HCV cure in nearly 95% of coinfected individuals. However, little is known about how HCV cure and the subsequent resolution of liver inflammation influence systemic immune activation, immune reconstitution and the latent HIV reservoir. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of HIV/HCV coinfection, the effects of HCV coinfection on HIV disease progression in the context of ART, the impact of HIV on HCV-associated liver morbidity, and the consequences of DAA-mediated HCV cure on immune reconstitution and HIV reservoir persistence in coinfected patients.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENDEKATAN MELALUI KONSELING INTERPERSONAL TERHADAP RESPON SOSIAL, EMOSIONAL DAN SPIRITUAL PADA PASIEN HIV/AIDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Indah Jayani ◽  
Fatma Sayekti Ruffaida
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hiv Aids

Approach to PLWHA by providing interpersonal counseling is the right thing to do to overcome psychological problems including social, emotional and spiritual aspects of PLWHA. This study aims to look at the effect of interpersonal counseling on social, emotional and spiritual responses in HIV/ AIDS patients. This research is a type of non-experimental research with a cross-sectional approach. The sample is post-test people and tested positive for HIV in the Kediri region, which is 32 with purpossive sampling technique. Data on social, emotional and spiritual responses were obtained based on the results of data recapitulation from the instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The results of the study with the non-parametric Wilcoxon test showed there were differences between social responses of HIV/AIDS patients before and after given interpersonal counseling with p value = 0,000, there were differences between the emotional responses of HIV/AIDS patients before being given interpersonal counseling and after being given counseling with p value = 0,000, and there is a difference between spiritual responses in HIV/AIDS patients before being given interpersonal counseling and after being given interpersonal counseling with p value = 0,000. It can be concluded that interpersonal counseling influences social, emotional and spiritual responses of HIV/AIDS patients. It is recommended that the mentoring of HIV/AIDS patients through interpersonal counseling can continue so as to enhance physiological responses that will have an impact on disease prognosis, prevention of opportunistic infections and reduce mortality rates for HIV patients/ AIDS.

scholarly journals Opportunistic Infections and Associated Factors among HIV/AIDS Patients taking Ante-Retroviral Therapy at Selected Hospitals in Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A facility-based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demelash Wachamo ◽  
Fisseha Bonja
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Opportunistic infections are late complications of HIV infection is the depletion of the immune system. It is a major public health problem and high morbidity AIDS patients die of AIDS-related infections in developing countries like Ethiopia. Identification of opportunistic infections (OIs) is important to develop a specific intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the burden and associated factors of opportunistic infections.Method A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 randomly selected HIV/AIDS patients taking anti-retroviral therapy. Data was collected from selected hospitals in Sidama Zone based on population proportion to size. Data was collected by a pre-tested questionnaire and a pre-tested checklist from the medical records of patients. Data entry and analyzed for descriptive and logistic regression models by SPSS v.23. The result declared as statistically significant at p < 0.05.Result The magnitude of opportunistic infections was 39.6%. Major identified OIs was oral candidacies 23.2%, recurrent bacterial pneumonia 21.5%, Herpes zoster 6.3%, and Pulmonary Tuberculosis 6.0%.The magnitude of opportunistic associated with; older age [AOR=2.69, 95% CI: 1.33-5.43], No formal education [AOR=3.12, 95% CI: 1.06-9.25], Low monthly income [AOR=2.27, 95%CI:1.35-3.83], initial CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3 [AOR=1.91, 95% CI:1.05-3.46), WHO clinical stage II [AOR=2.43, 95% CI:1.34-4.42] and stage III and IV [AOR=4.27, 95% CI: 2.12-8.59], had no extra medicine additional to ART (prophylaxis) had [AOR= 5.91, 95% CI: 3.31-10.56], who interrupt ART medicines [AOR=2.03, 95% CI: 1.09- 3.80] and Khat chewing [AOR=5.48, 95% CI: 2.32-12.96] when compared to their counterparts.Conclusions The overall magnitude of opportunistic infections was high when compared with other studies. Health officials and clinicians need to give attention on the strengthening of the provision if ART with prophylaxis on early-stage and adhrerence, implementation of the TB/HIV collaboration activity, and early initiation of ART to reduce opportunistic infections.

scholarly journals Undernutrition and associated factors among adult HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in eastern zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsegu Hailu Gebru ◽  
Haftea Hagos Mekonen ◽  
Kbrom Gemechu Kiros
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Zone ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Undernutrition and HIV/AIDS are highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, Ethiopia inclusive as linked in a vicious cycle. Thus, several studies have documented that undernutrition among HIV/AIDS patients increases the risk of mortality, decrease survival rates, affect the overall clinical outcome and quality of life. Despite this fact, information about the burden of undernutrition and associated factors among adults receiving antiretroviral therapy is lacking in the particular study area. Hence, this study aimed to examine the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among adult HIV/AIADS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy patients in Eastern Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional research design was adopted in data collection while systematic sampling technique was employed to sample and select the study subjects. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information from 394 study subjects through face to face method. Also, data on demographics, laboratory and anthropometric variables were collected from each selected patients sampled. The data collected were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22.. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence interval were used to find factors associated with undernutrition. The adjusted odds ratio was calculated to show the strength of the association. Variables with p-value of < 0.05 were considered statically significant. Results The mean age of the respondents was 41 (± 10). Out of 394 study respondents, about 42.9% of them were undernourished (95% CI: 37.8–47.7). Respondents who had CD4+ count less than 200 cells/μl (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1–3.36), being advanced clinical staging (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI: 2.11–6.18), and not taking co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.21–4.6) were independently associated with undernutrition. Conclusion The result of this study indicated that the prevalence of undernutrition was high. Respondents with advanced clinical stage of CD4+ count less than 200 cells/ul and those that were not taking co-trimoxazole preventive therapy was found to be positively associated with undernutrition. Therefore, the implementation of nutritional programs is very crucial to improve the nutritional status of HIV/AIDS patients in the particular study.

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