scholarly journals Dietary Polyphenols and Their Effects on Cell Biochemistry and Pathophysiology 2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullia Maraldi ◽  
David Vauzour ◽  
Cristina Angeloni
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biochemistry ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols

scholarly journals Dietary Polyphenols and Their Effects on Cell Biochemistry and Pathophysiology

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Angeloni ◽  
Luciano Pirola ◽  
David Vauzour ◽  
Tullia Maraldi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biochemistry ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols

scholarly journals Dietary Polyphenols and Their Effects on Cell Biochemistry and Pathophysiology 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Angeloni ◽  
Tullia Maraldi ◽  
Dragan Milenkovic ◽  
David Vauzour
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biochemistry ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols

The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Serafini ◽  
Giuseppa Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

microRNAs as New Targets of Dietary Polyphenols

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinta Blade ◽  
Laura Baselga-Escudero ◽  
Anna Arola-Arnal
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
New Targets

Genistein Induces Alterations of Epigenetic Modulatory Signatures in Human Cervical Cancer Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhumitha Kedhari Sundaram ◽  
Mohammad Zeeshan Ansari ◽  
Abdullah Al Mutery ◽  
Maryam Ashraf ◽  
Reem Nasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Tumour Suppressor Genes ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Genistein Treatment ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Cervical Cancer

Introduction: Epidemiological studies indicate that diet rich in fruits and vegetables is associated with decreased cancer risk thereby indicating that dietary polyphenols can be potential chemo-preventive agents. The reversible nature of epigenetic modifications makes them a favorable target for cancer prevention. Polyphenols have been shown to reverse aberrant epigenetic patterns by targeting the regulatory enzymes, DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). In vitro and in silico studies of DNMTs and HDACs were planned to examine genistein’s role as a natural epigenetic modifier in human cervical cancer cells, HeLa. Methods: Expression of the tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) [MGMT, RARβ, p21, E-cadherin, DAPK1] as well the methylation status of their promoters were examined alongwith the activity levels of DNMT and HDAC enzymes after treatment with genistein. Expression of DNMTs and HDACs was also studied. In-silico studies were performed to determine the interaction of genistein with DNMTs and HDACs. Results: Genistein treatment significantly reduced the expression and enzymatic activity of both DNMTs and HDACs in a time-dependent way. Molecular modeling data suggest that genistein can interact with various members of DNMT and HDAC families and support genistein mediated inhibition of their activity. Timedependent exposure of genistein reversed the promoter region methylation of the TSGs and re-established their expression. Conclusions: In this study, we find that genistein is able to reinstate the expression of the TSGs studied by inhibiting the action of DNMTs and HDACs. This shows that genistein could be an important arsenal in the development of epigenetic based cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Flavonoids Ameliorate Stress-Induced Depression by Preventing NLRP3 Inflammasome Priming

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1231-1231
Author(s):  
Giulio Pasinetti
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Abstract Objectives Chronic stress activates danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), stimulating the NLRP3 inflammasome. NLRP3 activation triggers the release of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. The activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome propagates pro-inflammatory signaling cascades implicated in the onset of depression. Our previous studies show that polyphenolic compounds were found to ameliorate stress induced depression in mouse models. However, the relevant mechanism has not been identified. This study examined the effect of administering polyphenols on DAMP signaling in enriched mice microglia. Methods This study examined the effect of administering polyphenols on DAMP signaling in mice microglia. To recapitulate stress-induced depression, mice underwent chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). Microglia were isolated at various time points throughout the CUS protocol. We also assessed long-term persistent changes after CUS and susceptibility to subthreshold unpredictable stress (US) re-exposure. Results Interestingly, the development of US – induced depression and anxiety depended upon a previous exposure to CUS. We found that CUS caused robust upregulation of IL-1β mRNA in enriched microglia, an effect that persists for up to 4 weeks following CUS exposure. Following the subthreshold US re-exposure, we observed the upregulation of pro- IL-1β as well as pro-receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) was not. We also observed an increase in RAGE mRNA expression when mice were exposed to US prior to the start of the CUS paradigm. Importantly, a primary exposure to US, was sufficient to increase RAGE mRNA expression. We found that polyphenol administration significantly improved CUS-induced depressive-like phenotypes and also reversed neuroinflammation in mice. Treatment with dietary flavonoids prevented upregulation of IL-1β, RAGE mRNA, which reflects the ability of polyphenols that may have begun following the primary exposure to US. Conclusions Taken all together, the results provide evidence of the role of dietary polyphenols in preventing persistent microglial activation, which has been shown to result in reduced long term vulnerability to depressive-like behaviors following expose to chronic stress. Funding Sources This study was supported by a P50 CARBON Center grant from the NCCIH/ODS.

scholarly journals An Overview on Dietary Polyphenols and Their Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5514
Author(s):  
Francesca Truzzi ◽  
Camilla Tibaldi ◽  
Yanxin Zhang ◽  
Giovanni Dinelli ◽  
Eros D′Amen
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Natural Organic Compounds ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Biopharmaceutical Classification System

Polyphenols are natural organic compounds produced by plants, acting as antioxidants by reacting with ROS. These compounds are widely consumed in daily diet and many studies report several benefits to human health thanks to their bioavailability in humans. However, the digestion process of phenolic compounds is still not completely clear. Moreover, bioavailability is dependent on the metabolic phase of these compounds. The LogP value can be managed as a simplified measure of the lipophilicity of a substance ingested within the human body, which affects resultant absorption. The biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS), a method used to classify drugs intended for gastrointestinal absorption, correlates the solubility and permeability of the drug with both the rate and extent of oral absorption. BCS may be helpful to measure the bioactive constituents of foods, such as polyphenols, in order to understand their nutraceutical potential. There are many literature studies that focus on permeability, absorption, and bioavailability of polyphenols and their resultant metabolic byproducts, but there is still confusion about their respective LogP values and BCS classification. This review will provide an overview of the information regarding 10 dietarypolyphenols (ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, apigenin, cirsimaritin, daidzein, resveratrol, ellagic acid, and curcumin) and their association with the BCS classification.

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