scholarly journals Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc Contents of Fish Marketed in NW Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín G. Frías-Espericueta ◽  
Francia K. G. Zamora-Sarabia ◽  
J. Isidro Osuna-López ◽  
María D. Muy-Rangel ◽  
Werner Rubio-Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fish Muscles ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Nw Mexico ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Copper Lead

To assess if they were within the safety limits for human consumption, the Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn contents of fish muscles, bought from separate stalls of the fish markets of nine cities of NW Mexico, were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Considering all fish and markets, the mean contents were Zn:23.23±5.83, Cu:1.72±0.63, Cd:0.27±0.07, and Pb:0.09±0.04 µg/g (dry weight). Cu, Zn, and Pb did not reach levels of concern for human consumption, but the high Cd values determined in Mazatlán (Mugil cephalus:0.48±0.15;Diapterusspp.:0.57±0.33;Lutjanusspp.:0.72±0.12; small shark:0.87±0.19 µg/g dry weight) indicate that this was the only metal of concern for human health because the daily individual consumption of fish muscle to reach the PTDI would be within 0.27 and 0.41 kg.

Low K+ in Paphiopedilum leeanum leaf epidermis: implications for stomatal functioning

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherman D. Nelson ◽  
James M. Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Leaf Epidermis ◽  
Photometric Analysis ◽  
Abaxial Epidermis ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Stomatal Functioning ◽  
Low K ◽  
Stomatal Mechanism

Abaxial epidermal strips from leaves of Paphiopedilum leeanum were analyzed via sodium cobaltinitrite staining and atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the presence and location of potassium. On a dry weight basis K content of the abaxial epidermis was found to be 103 times less than has been reported in other species, and unlike other species no localization of K+ in guard cells of open stomata could be detected via the sodium cobaltinitrite stain for potassium.Flame photometric analysis of the mesophyll indicated that it contained normal amounts of K+ (about 1.87% on a dry weight basis). Analysis showed that the K+ content of the abaxial epidermis (0.032%) was considerably less than that of the mesophyll, a situation unlike previous reports for other species in which the epidermal concentration was found to be greater than the mesophyll. A process for exclusion of K+ from the abaxial epidermis is suggested, as is the lack of involvement of K+ as the major osmoticum in the stomatal mechanism of this species.

Cadmium, Copper, Lead and Zinc Contents of the Mangrove Oyster, Crassostrea corteziensis, of Seven Coastal Lagoons of NW Mexico

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Frías-Espericueta ◽  
I. Osuna-López ◽  
I. Bañuelos-Vargas ◽  
G. López-López ◽  
M. D. Muy-Rangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Lagoons ◽  
Nw Mexico ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Crassostrea Corteziensis ◽  
Copper Lead

Interlaboratory Study of Blood Selenium Determinations

1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-667
Author(s):  
Tee-Siaw Koh
Keyword(s):  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Se Deficiency

Abstract Fifty-one laboratories from 14 countries participated in a survey on the determination of selenium (Se) in 8 bovine blood samples with Se concentrations ranging from 0.2 μmol/L (0.016 μg/mL) to 14 μmol/L (1.1 μg/mL). The methods used (and the percentage of participants using each method) were fiuorometry (61), hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) (23), graphitefurnace AAS (6), gas chromatography (4), neutron activation analysis (4), and X-ray fiuorometry (2). There was little difference in the mean Se results obtained by fiuorometry or hydride-generation AAS (P > 0.05). Mean intralaboratory coefficients of variation (CVs) from known replicates ranged from 4 to 14% for all samples. Interlaboratory CVs were related to blood Se concentration and increased to 55% at Se levels below 0.4 μmol/L (0.032 μg/mL). Laboratories that used quality control (QC) schemes had lower interlaboratory CVs than those that did not, but the advantage began to diminish at blood Se concentration below 0.4 μmol/L (0.032 μg/mL). The high interlaboratory CVs, coupled with the false assurance from the low intralaboratory CVs and the ineffectiveness of the QC schemes at blood Se concentrations below 0.4 μmol/L (0.032 μg/mL), are of concern in diagnosis of marginal Se deficiency in livestock where the concentrations of interest are in the range 0.15-0.5 μmol/L (0.012-0.039 μg/mL).

scholarly journals Mercury and methylmercury content in chub from the Svitava and Svratka Rivers at agglomeration Brno

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 470-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kružíková ◽  
J. Blahová ◽  
R. Kenšová ◽  
J. Jurčíková ◽  
D. Hypr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Hazard Indices ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fish Contamination

The aim of our study was to determine the total mercury and methylmercury contents in the muscle of indicator fish, to determine the total mercury contents in the sediment, and to evaluate the health risks associated with fish contamination. Chub (<i>Leuciscus cephalus</i> L.) were caught in seven localities on the Svratka and Svitava Rivers in the Brno agglomeration in 2007. The total mercury content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry using an AMA 245 analyser. Methylmercury levels were determined by gas chromatography (using electron-capture detector) after acid digestion and extraction with toluene. The highest levels of total mercury and methylmercury contamination in the fish muscle (0.18 ± 0.09 mg/kg and 0.16 ± 0.09 mg/kg, respectively) were found at the Rajhradice site (the Svratka River, under the Brno city), whereas the lowest contents of mercury and methylmercury (0.08 ± 0.02 mg/kg and 0.04 ± 0.03 mg/kg) were detected at the Modřice site (the Svratka River). Total mercury content in the sediment ranged from 0.06 mg/kg to 1.38 mg/kg, the higher value having been detected in the sediment from the Svratka River at the Rajhradice site above the confluence with the Svitava River. The lowest content was discovered at Kníničky (the Svatka River). The hazard indices calculated for the selected localities showed no health risk to the common consumer or to the fishermen and their families.

Optimized atomic absorption spectrophotometry of calcium in erythrocytes.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2004-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nomoto ◽  
S Shoji
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Graphite Tube ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Abstract We sought to establish optimum conditions for measuring calcium in erythrocytes by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The conditions we selected are as follows. Wash one volume of fresh heparin-treated packed cells once with 30 volumes of isotonic buffered saline (pH 7.4) at a temperature somewhat exceeding 25 degrees C. Dilute the washed packed cells 10-fold with 12 mmol/L hydrochloric acid, and analyze the supernate for calcium. Measure the hematocrit of the washed packed cells, then analyze an aliquot of them for calcium, using a computer-readout type of flame or a non-flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with a pyrocoated graphite tube. The temperature program is 1000 degrees C for ashing [corrected] and 1800 degrees C for the atomizing cycle. Intraday and day-to-day reproducibility of the assay was 6.55% and 8.19%, respectively, at the mean concentration of calcium in the erythrocytes of healthy adults, which is 4.30 mumol/L.

scholarly journals Researches on the accumulation and transfer of heavy metals in the soil in tomatoes -Solanum lycopersicum

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 03020
Author(s):  
Mihaela Niţu ◽  
Augustina Pruteanu ◽  
Despina Maria Bordean ◽  
Carmen Popescu ◽  
Gyorghy Deak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Copper Lead

Heavy metals in contaminated soils have benefited from a considerable attention due to the possible risks for the human body. The current study has investigated the accumulation and transfer coefficient for three heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) found in the contaminated soil with three concentrations (c1=1.5%, c2=3.0%, c3=4.5%, c4=6.0%), obtained by mixing the three metals, in the tomato fruit. The highest accumulation in the tomato fruits was recorded for zinc, then copper and the smallest for lead, for all four concentrations used. The transfer coefficient decreases as the concentration of heavy metals increases, so that for high heavy metals concentrations, the values of the transfer coefficient are very low, and for small heavy metals concentrations in the soil, the values for the transfer coefficient are higher. The assessment of accumulation and transfer of heavy metals in the fruits of tomatoes grown in the contaminated soil has concluded that all concentrations of the copper, lead and zinc mix have shown a low risk for human consumption.

MEASUREMENT OF CALCIUM OF MILK BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY IN THE PRESENCE OF MAJOR INGREDIENTS OF DETERGENTS1,2

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Anderson ◽  
D. B. Brooker ◽  
J. R. Fischer ◽  
E. L. Ruiz ◽  
R. T. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Sodium Gluconate ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Mean

Twelve chemical ingredients commonly used to formulate detergents were tested to determine their interferences with measurement of calcium in milk by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. For concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0% milk, the mean amounts of calcium measured for all ingredients were 0.20, 1.85, and 15.89 mg/1, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that milk accounted for 97.3% of the variation in spectrophotometric response with temperature and concentration of ingredient being of little practical importance. However, increasing the temperature caused the instrument to indicate increased amounts of calcium in solutions containing sodium metasilicate (anhydrous), EDTA plus sodium hydroxide, sodium gluconate, and phosphoric acid. Changing the concentration of ingredient did not interfere substantially with the amount of calcium measured except for sodium metasilicate (anhydrous) where an increase in concentration reduced the amount of calcium measured. From the data it can be concluded that an atomic absorption spectrophotometer shows considerable promise for use in monitoring removal of residue from a milk contact surface.

Cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in Mugil cephalus from seven coastal lagoons of NW Mexico

2011 ◽  
Vol 182 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G. Frías-Espericueta ◽  
J. Isidro Osuna-López ◽  
Martha A. Jiménez-Vega ◽  
Daniel Castillo-Bueso ◽  
Maria D. Muy-Rangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Lagoons ◽  
Mugil Cephalus ◽  
Nw Mexico ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Copper Lead

Plasma Cadmium and Zinc in Human Hypertension

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Thind ◽  
Grace M. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Peripheral Venous Blood ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

1. Plasma cadmium and zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in inferior venal caval or peripheral venous blood in thirty hypertensive patients and fifteen normal subjects. 2. The mean plasma cadmium in hypertensive patients was significantly higher than in normal control subjects. 3. The plasma cadmium/zinc ratio was significantly greater in hypertensive patients. 4. There was a significant positive correlation between the plasma cadmium/zinc ratio and the mean arterial blood pressure.

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