scholarly journals Stability Analysis of a High Fibre Yield and Low Lignin Content “Thick Stem” Mutant in Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitoriusL.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aninda Mandal ◽  
Animesh K. Datta
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Stem Anatomy ◽  
Fibre Yield ◽  
Efficient Breeding

A “thick stem” mutant ofCorchorus olitoriusL. was induced at M2(0.50%, 4 h, EMS) and the true breeding mutant is assessed across generations (M5to M7) considering morphometric traits as well as SEM analysis of pollen grains and raw jute fibres, stem anatomy, cytogenetical attributes, and lignin content in relation to control. Furthermore, single fibre diameter and tensile strength are also analysed. The objective is to assess the stability of mutant for its effective exploration for raising a new plant type in tossa jute for commercial exploitation and efficient breeding. The mutant trait is monogenic recessive to normal. Results indicate that “thick stem” mutant is stable across generations (2n=14) with distinctive high seed and fibre yield and significantly low lignin content. Stem anatomy of the mutant shows significant enhancement in fibre zone, number of fibre pyramids and fibre bundles per pyramid, and diameter of fibre cell in relation to control. Moreover, tensile strength of mutant fibre is significantly higher than control fibre and the trait is inversely related to fibre diameter. However the mutant is associated with low germination frequency, poor seed viability, and high pollen sterility, which may be eliminated through mutational approach followed by rigorous selection and efficient breeding.

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Natural Cellulosic Fiber from Pandanus amaryllifolius Leaves

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4171
Author(s):  
Z. N. Diyana ◽  
R. Jumaidin ◽  
M. Z. Selamat ◽  
R. H. Alamjuri ◽  
Fahmi Asyadi Md Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Pandanus Amaryllifolius

Pandanus amaryllifolius is a member of Pandanaceae family and is abundant in south-east Asian countries including Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and India. In this study, Pandanus amaryllifolius fibres were extracted via a water retting extraction process and were investigated as potential fibre reinforcement in polymer composite. Several tests were carried out to investigate the characterization of Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre such as chemical composition analysis which revealed Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre’s cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content of 48.79%, 19.95% and 18.64% respectively. Material functional groups were analysed by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis confirming the presence of cellulose and amorphous substances in the fibre. The morphology of extracted Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre was studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Further mechanical behaviour of fibre was investigated using a single fibre test with 5 kN cell load and tensile strength was found to be 45.61 ± 16.09 MPa for an average fibre diameter of 368.57 ± 50.47 μm. Meanwhile, moisture content analysis indicated a 6.00% moisture absorption rate of Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre. The thermogravimetric analysis justified the thermal stability of Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre up to 210 °C, which is within polymerization process temperature conditions. Overall, the finding shows that Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre may be used as alternative reinforcement particularly for a bio-based polymer matrix.

Analysis of Sound Reduction and Strong Drag Composite Concrete Fibers Gedebok Banana Results Delignification with Sodium Hydroxide Solvent (Naoh)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rouf Suprayogi ◽  
Annisa Mufida ◽  
Edwin Azwar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Sound Intensity ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Cellulose Powder ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Sound Reduction

In composite science, desirable materials that are lighter but have the power and quality that can match or even exceed the material that has been there before. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cellulose fiber addition from banana gedebok to tensile strength, compressive strength and damping of concrete composite sound. To achieve this objective, mixing of cellulose fibers with K-275 quality concrete mix with variation of 0% and 5% substitution in which the cellulose is varied in powder and wicker form. Delignification of lignin content from banana gedebok was done by soaking and drying method without any variation and yielding powder having cellulose content of 13,0388%, hemicellulose 18,2796% and lignin 0,6684%. This study produces concrete composites that have a tensile strength and a compressive strength lower than that of normal concrete. Normally reinforced concrete tensile strength value 94.5 kg / cm2, 71.4 kg / cm2 cellulose powder concrete and 90.3 kg / cm2 cellulose woven concrete. Normal concrete compressive strength value 334,22 kg / cm2, cellulose powder concrete 215,7 kg / cm2, and cellulose webbing concrete 157,98 kg / cm2. As for the power damping sound of cellulose webbing concrete has the highest damping power compared to other concrete with the absorbed sound intensity that is 52-68 dB

Effect of Heat Setting Methods on Structures and Properties of High Strength Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibre

2015 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 643-648
Author(s):  
Yin Zhu ◽  
Jiong Xin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Heat Setting ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Setting Process

The effect of heat setting methods on the structures and mechanical properties of high strength polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibre is studied in this article. The microstructure and mechanical properties of heat treated PVA fibre is investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and single fibre electronic tensile strength tester. Results show that the heat setting method with constant tension is a good heat setting method which can largely enhance the tensile strength of PVA fibre. During the heat setting process, the mechanical properties of PVA fibre are greatly affected by the temperature, tension and setting time. When the temperature is 220°C, tension is 5cN/dtex and setting time is 90sec, the tensile strength of PVA fibre increases from 12.0cN/dtex to 16.4cN/dtex in compare with the PVA fibre without heat setting

scholarly journals Regulation Mechanism of Graphene Oxide on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Bio-Based Gel-Spun Lignin/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Fibers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Jin ◽  
Yuanyuan Jing ◽  
Wenxin Hu ◽  
Jiaxian Lin ◽  
Yu Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Composite Fibers

Abstract Lignin has been used as a sustainable and eco-friendly filler in composite fibers. However, lignin aggregation occurred at high lignin content, which significantly hindered the further enhancement of fiber performance. The incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) enhanced the mechanical properties of the lignin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers and affected their structure. With the GO content increasing from 0 to 0.2%, the tensile strength of 5% lignin/PVA fibers increased from 491 MPa to 631 MPa, and Young's modulus increased from 5.91 GPa to 6.61 GPa. GO reinforced 30% lignin/PVA fibers also showed the same trend. The tensile strength increased from 455 MPa to 553 MPa, and Young's modulus increased from 5.39 GPa to 7 GPa. The best mechanical performance was observed in PVA fibers containing 5% lignin and 0.2% GO, which had an average tensile strength of 631 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 6.61 GPa. The toughness values of these fibers are between 9.9-15.6 J/g, and the fibrillar and ductile fracture microstructure were observed. Structure analysis of fibers showed that GO reinforced 5% lignin/PVA fibers had higher crystallinity, and evidence of hydrogen bonding among GO, lignin, and PVA in the gel fibers was revealed. Further, water resistance and swelling behavior of composite PVA fibers were studied to further evidence the structure change of composite fibers.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Sigma 1140+ Sic Fibres Prior and after Composite Processing

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 096369350000900 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gonzalez ◽  
J. Llorca
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Weibull Modulus ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Fibre Strength ◽  
Composite Processing ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of processing on the mechanical properties of Sigma 1140+ SiC fibres was studied through tensile tests carried out on pristine Sigma 1140+ SiC fibres and on fibres extracted from a Ti-6A1-4V-matrix composite. The elastic modulus and the tensile strength were computed after measuring carefully the fibre diameter. The characteristic fibre strength was reduced by 20% and the Weibull modulus by half during composite processing. The analysis of the fracture surfaces in the scanning electron microscope showed that the strength-limiting defects were located around the tungsten core in pristine fibres and predominantly at the surface in fibres extracted from the composite panels. These latter defects were nucleated by the mechanical stresses generated on the fibres during the panel consolidation.

Analysis of Applicability of the Hollow Carbon Fibres for Self-Repairing Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 729 ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Kling ◽  
Tibor Czigány
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Hollow Carbon ◽  
Scanning Electron

The geometry and mechanical properties of solid and hollow carbon fibres were investigated by light-and scanning electron microscopy, and by single fibre tensile tests. The hollowness factor of fibres was determined by their external and internal diameter. The tensile strength was determined by single fibre tensile break tests. It was shown that the bigger the diameter of the fibres the lower the mechanical properties is. It was found that the hollow carbon fibres are suitable for preparation of a self-repairing composite with the advantage over other solutions because of their geometrical and mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Investigation of Single Fibre Tensile Properties of the Pineapple Leaf (PALF)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012078
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zuhair Mohd Rizal ◽  
Ahmad Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Agriculture Waste ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Source Depletion

Abstract Recently, natural fibres composite is rigorously explored as alternative fibres due to the source depletion of petroleum. This research was focusing on pineapple leaf (PALF). The purpose of this research was to study the single fibre tensile properties of PALF. The single fibre tensile test was conducted via the universal testing machine following ASTM D3379 – 89 standards. The result shows that the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) and Young’s Modulus of PALF were 141.093 MPa and 89.073 MPa, respectively. This research’s benefits include reducing agriculture waste of pineapple leaf, which is commonly being thrown out by the farmers when the fruits are harvested. It focuses not only on waste reduction but also on economic factors when other industries fully utilise the pineapple leaf.

Effects of Alkaline Treatments on the Tensile Strength of Napier Grass Fibres

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 340-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. M. Haameem ◽  
M.S. Abdul Majid ◽  
M. Haslan ◽  
Mohd Afendi ◽  
E.A. Helmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
The Poor

This paper presents the experiment test of the Napier grass fibres to determine the tensile strength of the Napier grass fibre. . Napier grass fibre is a natural source of fibre which is extracted from the internodes of Napier grass stems. Napier grass fibres were extracted trough conventional water retting process. However, the main disadvantages of natural fibres in composites are the poor compatibility between fibre and matrix and the relative high moisture absorption. These Napier grass fibre then undergoes alkaline chemical treatment using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to improve the surface roughness and to minimize the water absorption into the cellulose. The treatment is conducted with different concentration of NaOH at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively. The single fibre tensile test was conducted using Instron micro tester. Based on the tests conducted, the results show that the fibre treated 10% concentrations yield the strongest tensile test compared to untreated Napier grass fibre.

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