scholarly journals Biomechanics of Gait during Pregnancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Branco ◽  
Rita Santos-Rocha ◽  
Filomena Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Hormonal System ◽  
Biomechanical Changes

Introduction. During pregnancy women experience several changes in the body’s physiology, morphology, and hormonal system. These changes may affect the balance and body stability and can cause discomfort and pain. The adaptations of the musculoskeletal system due to morphological changes during pregnancy are not fully understood. Few studies clarify the biomechanical changes of gait that occur during pregnancy and in postpartum period.Purposes. The purpose of this review was to analyze the available evidence on the biomechanical adaptations of gait that occur throughout pregnancy and in postpartum period, specifically with regard to the temporal, spatial, kinematic, and kinetic parameters of gait.Methods. Three databases were searched and 9 studies with a follow-up design were retrieved for analysis.Results. Most studies performed temporal, spatial, and kinematic analysis. Only three studies performed kinetic analysis.Conclusion. The adaptation strategies to the anatomical and physiological changes throughout pregnancy are still unclear, particularly in a longitudinal perspective and regarding kinetic parameters.

Effect of aluminum on potassium uptake by red spruce seedlings

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Cumming ◽  
R. T. Eckert ◽  
L. S. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
Potassium Uptake ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Absorption Data ◽  
Aluminum Exposure ◽  
Initial Decrease ◽  
Seedling Roots

Potassium uptake by roots of intact red spruce seedlings exposed to 0, 1, and 4 mg∙L−1 Al3+ was determined using kinetic analysis. Uptake parameters Vmax and Km were estimated by nonlinear least-squares analysis of K+ absorption data fitted to a combined active and linear uptake model. Roots treated with 1 mg∙L−1 Al exhibited enhanced potassium uptake for up to 72 h of aluminum exposure. K+ uptake in the presence of 4 mg∙L−1 Al also increased but was influenced by the duration of exposure to Al in solution. Comparison of kinetic parameters revealed an increase in Vmax in roots treated with aluminum. Km in both 1 and 4 mg∙L−1 aluminum treatments varied consistently with duration of exposure, characterized by an initial decrease in apparent carrier-site affinity followed by Km values trending toward control levels. These changes are hypothesized to result from a combination of physical and physiological changes in red spruce seedling roots induced by Al3+ in solution.

scholarly journals Morphological Changes in Lamellar Macular Holes According to SD-OCT Examination over a Long Observation Period

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kal ◽  
Izabela Chojnowska-Ćwiąkała ◽  
Mateusz Winiarczyk ◽  
Monika Jasielska ◽  
Jerzy Mackiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Holes ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Sd Oct

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative morphological changes in lamellar macular holes (LMHs) based on SD-OCT examinations and to assess the correlations among minimal retinal thickness (MRT), reading vision (RV), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over a 36-month follow-up period. Methods: A group of 40 patients (44 eyes) with LMH was evaluated, with an average age of 69.87 (SD = 10.14). The quantitative parameters monitored in the follow-up period (at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months) were tested for normality of distribution by Shapiro–Wilk and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests. Results: The RV and BCVA values were stable, and no significant changes were found at any of the check-ups during the 36-month follow-up period (BCVA p = 0.435 and RV p = 0.0999). The analysis of individual quantitative LMH parameters during the 36-month follow-up period did not demonstrate statistically significant differences: MRT (p = 0.461), Max RT temporal (p = 0.051), Max RT nasal (p = 0.364), inner diameter (ID) (p = 0.089), and outer diameter (OD) (p = 0.985). Conclusions: The observations at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months revealed moderate and significant correlations between RV and MRT. No significant correlation between BCVA and MRT was observed.

Morphological changes in chronic subdural hematomas following upfront middle meningeal artery embolization: sequence, timing, and association with outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
MirHojjat Khorasanizadeh ◽  
Yu-Ming Chang ◽  
Alejandro Enriquez-Marulanda ◽  
Satomi Mizuhashi ◽  
Mohamed M. Salem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Middle Meningeal Artery ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Artery Embolization ◽  
Subdural Hematomas ◽  
Meningeal Artery

OBJECTIVE Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) is an increasingly utilized approach for the treatment of chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs). The course of morphological progression of CSDHs following MMAE is poorly understood. Herein, the authors aimed to describe these morphological changes and assess their prognostic significance for the outcomes on follow-up. METHODS A single-institution retrospective cohort study of CSDH cases treated by upfront MMAE, without prior or adjunctive surgical evacuation, was performed. Clinical outcomes, complications, and the need for rescue surgery on follow-up were recorded. Hematomas were categorized into 6 morphological subtypes. All baseline and follow-up head CT scans were assessed for CSDH structural appearance, density, and loculation. Changes in CSDH size were quantified via 3D reconstruction for volumetric measurement. RESULTS Overall, 52 CSDHs in 45 patients treated with upfront MMAE were identified. Hematomas were followed for a mean of 92.9 days. Volume decreased by ≥ 50% in 79.6% of the CSDHs. The overall rescue surgery rate was 9.6%. A sequence of morphological changes after MMAE was identified. Hematomas that diverged from this sequence (5.4%) all progressed toward treatment failure and required rescue surgery. The CSDHs were categorized into early, intermediate, and late stages based on the baseline morphological appearance. Progression from early to intermediate and then to late stage took 12.7 and 30.0 days, respectively, on average. The volume of early/intermediate- and late-stage hematomas decreased by ≥ 50%, a mean of 78.2 and 47.6 days after MMAE, respectively. Early- and intermediate-stage hematomas showed a trend toward more favorable outcomes compared with late-stage hematomas. The density of homogeneous hypodense hematomas (HSDHs) transiently increased immediately after MMAE (p < 0.001). A marked decrease in density and volume 1 to 3 weeks after MMAE in HSDHs was detected, the lack of which indicated an eventual need for rescue surgery. In HSDHs, a baseline mean density of < 20 HU, and a lower density than baseline by 1 month post-MMAE were predictors of favorable outcomes. The baseline hematoma volume, axial thickness, midline shift, and loculation were not correlated with MMAE outcomes. Loculated, trabecular, and laminar hematomas, which are known to have unfavorable surgical outcomes, had MMAE outcomes similar to those of other "surgical" hematomas. CONCLUSIONS The current study was the first to describe the nature, sequence, and timing of morphological changes of CSDHs after MMAE treatment and has identified structural features that can predict treatment outcomes.

CHOREA GRAVIDARUM: A RARE CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
Aswini Viswanadh ◽  
Sujata Singh ◽  
Vinnisa N. V
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Detailed Evaluation ◽  
Rare Case Report

Chorea gravidarum is the term given to chorea occurring during pregnancy. Here, we report a case of 24 year old primigravida at gestational age 38 weeks 3days ,without any signicant past & family history who presented with chorea gravidarum for the rst time in third trimester. On detailed evaluation no etiology was identied. On follow up in postpartum period, her choreiform movements have reduced in intensity, but is still persisting pointing towards an idiopathic origin.

Chromogranin a Measurement in Metastatic Well-Differentiated Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: Screening for False Positives and a Prospective Follow-Up Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Vezzosi ◽  
Thomas Walter ◽  
Agnès Laplanche ◽  
Jean Luc Raoul ◽  
Clarisse Dromain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
False Positive Result ◽  
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Positive Results

Background Multiple causes of false-positive chromogranin A (CgA) measurement have been reported that may affect its impact as a surrogate marker of RECIST progression in well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (WDGEPNET). Aims 1) To evaluate the frequency of false-positive CgA results. 2) To prospectively compare CgA variations with RECIST morphological changes in patients without known causes of false-positive CgA measurements. Methods First, the conditions responsible for potentially false-positive CgA measurements were screened in 184 consecutive patients with metastatic WDGEPNET. Secondly, a variation in CgA at a 6-month interval was compared to RECIST results at 6 months in 46 patients. Results Among 184 patients, elevated CgA was found in 130 cases (71%) including 99 patients with at least one cause of a false-positive result. Impaired kidney function as well as medication with proton pump inhibitors were found to be the 2 major causes of false-positive results. The sensitivity and specificity of CgA measurements compared with morphological tumor changes according to the RECIST criteria were 71% and 50%, respectively, at 6 months. Conclusion Routine screening for the causes of false-positive CgA measurements is mandatory in WDGEPNET patients. Our study does not validate the use of CgA as a surrogate marker of tumor progression.

scholarly journals Mishaps of Larynx in Pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Ankit Jain ◽  
Nupur Kapoor Nerurkar ◽  
Binhi H Desai
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Antenatal Period ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Pregnancy leading to hoarseness and stridor is not uncommon. It is usually a consequence of associated physiological changes and hence, reverts back to normalcy in postpartum. Pregnancy-induced stridor may rarely require a tracheostomy. Such a situation presents many challenges not only during the antenatal period but also during labor and the postpartum period. In this article, we have presented three cases of hoarseness during pregnancy and a discussion on their management with a review of literature. How to cite this article Nerurkar NK, Desai BH, Jain A. Mishaps of Larynx in Pregnancy. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2017;7(1):36-38.

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