scholarly journals Acute Effects of Exogenous Hormone Administration on Postprandial Acylation Stimulating Protein Levels in Ovariectomized Rats after a Fat Load

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashair Al Riyami ◽  
Marah El-Tahir ◽  
Sultan Al Maskari ◽  
Eugene H. Johnson ◽  
Jumana Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Association Studies ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Protein Levels

Background. ASP, a potent lipogenic factor, was linked to female fat metabolism in association studies.Aim. To investigate acute effects of sex hormone treatment on postprandial ASP levelsin vivo.Methods. 24 female rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including controls. The rats were ovariectomized and injected with progesterone, estrogen, or testosterone. An hour later, olive oil was administered orally. Plasma ASP and triglycerides were measured at several postprandial time points. Area under the curve (TG-AUC) represented TG clearance.Results. Only the progesterone treated group had a significant postprandial ASP increase at two hours compared to basal levels (439.8 ± 62.4 versus 253.4 ± 59.03 μg/mL,P=0.04). Interestingly, increased ASP levels coordinated negatively with corresponding TG levels and TG-AUC postprandially, mostly evident in the opposite effects in the progesterone and testosterone treated groups. ASP levels increased 3-fold in the progesterone versus testosterone treated groups, whereas TG-AUC was significantly lower.Conclusion. These findings suggest that progesterone enhances ASP production and TG clearance simultaneously, supporting the notion of a stimulatory role for progesterone on ASP-mediated TG clearance. This is the first functional study demonstrating a cause-effect relationship between hormone treatment and ASP levelsin vivoand may contribute to understanding the mechanism of progesterone function as a female lipogenic hormone.

255 THE ESTROGENIC EVALUATION OF PARABENS USING RAT UTERINE CALBINDIN-D9k

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
T. T. B. Vo ◽  
E. B. Jeung
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Calbindin D9k ◽  
The Difference

In the current study, calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k), a potent biomarker for screening estrogen-like environmental chemicals in vivo and in vitro, was adopted to examine the potential estrogen-like property of the following parabens: propyl-, isopropyl-, butyl-, and isobutyl-paraben. Immature female rats were administered for 3 days from postnatal day 14 to 16 with 17?-ethinylestradiol (EE, 1 mg/kg of body weight (BW) per day) or parabens (62.5, 250, and 1000 mg/kg of BW per day). In uterotrophic assays, significantly increased uterus weights were detected in the EE-treated group and in the groups treated with the greatest dose of isopropyl-, butyl- and isobutyl-paraben. In addition, these parabens induced uterine CaBP-9k mRNA and protein levels, whereas co-treatment of parabens and fulvestrant (Faslodex, formerly known as ICI 182, 780), a pure estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, completely reversed the paraben-induced gene expression and increased uterine weights. To investigate the ER-mediated mechanism(s) by which parabens exert their effects, the expression level of ERα and progesterone receptor (PR) was analyzed. Exposure to EE or parabens caused a dramatic decrease in expression of both ER? mRNA and protein levels, whereas co-treatment with fulvestrant reversed these effects. These data showed the difference of CaBP-9k and ER? expression, suggesting that CaBP-9k might not express via ER? pathway. In the effect of parabens on CaBP-9k expression through PR mediation, a significantly increased expression of uterine PR gene, a well-known ER regulating gene, at both transcriptional and translational levels was indicated in the greatest dose of isopropyl- and butyl-paraben. These parabens induced PR gene expression that was completely blocked by fulvestrant. This result indicates that CaBP-9k expression might involve PR mediates in the estrogenic effect of paraben in immature rat uteri. Taken together, parabens exhibited an estrogen-like property in vivo, which might be mediated by a PR and/or ER? signaling pathway. In addition, our results expanded the current understanding of the potential adverse effects of parabens associated with their estrogen-like activities. Further investigation is needed to elucidate in greater detail the adverse effects of parabens in humans and wildlife.

ANTERIOR PITUITARY SENSITIVITY IN IMMATURE FEMALE RATS STIMULATED WITH GONADOTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE IN VIVO: EFFECT OF PRIMING WITH OESTROGEN, PREGNANT MARE SERUM GONADOTROPHIN OR BRAIN LESION

1977 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. DE ZIEGLER ◽  
M. WILKINSON ◽  
DANIELLE CASSARD ◽  
K. B. RUF
Keyword(s):  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin

An investigation of pituitary sensitivity, assessed in terms of increments in plasma LH and FSH concentrations, to stimulation with one or two injections of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) was carried out on 26-day-old immature female rats which had received one of the following priming treatments: 10 μg oestradiol benzoate (OB) as a single injection on day 23 or day 25, or on both days; 10 i.u. pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) on day 24; an electrochemical brain lesion placed in the mediobasal hypothalamus on day 23; control animals received either vehicle alone or a sham lesion. Pituitary sensitivity assessed at 10.00 h on day 26, after one or two injections of GnRH (100 ng/100 g body weight, s.c.), was enhanced to a similar degree in the three groups treated with OB in terms of LH (P < 0-01). The FSH response also increased after OB treatment but was not statistically significant. In contrast, 48 h after the injection of PMSG (i.e. when the rats were in a 'pro-oestrous-like' condition) pituitary sensitivity in terms of both LH and FSH dropped sharply (P < 0·001). In lesioned animals, pituitary sensitivity to one injection of GnRH was unchanged. A second GnRH injection administered after a 60 min interval induced a slightly larger LH response in control animals. In contrast, the ratio of the second response to the first increased in animals treated with PMSG, despite the state of overall decrease in sensitivity, being 4·5:1 in PMSG-treated rats versus 1·4:1 in controls. In a second set of experiments, we investigated the variation of pituitary sensitivity in conjunction with an experimentally induced gonadotrophin surge. In animals treated with OB on day 23 and with 1 mg progesterone at 12·00 h on day 26, pituitary sensitivity was increased at both 14.00 and 17.00 h as compared with that in the day 23 OB-treated group at 10.00 h. The PMSG-treated animals maintained their state of decreased responsiveness at 14.00 h, but exhibited increased pituitary sensitivity at the time of the gonadotrophin surge (17.00 h). These results show that OB increases pituitary sensitivity to GnRH in 26-day-old female rats and that the induction of a gonadotrophin surge further increases this sensitivity. In contrast, PMSG-treated rats displayed a state of decreased responsiveness 48 and 52 h, but not 55 h, after the injection. Pituitary sensitivity on the second day after PMSG treatment thus clearly differs from that observed during pro-oestrus in the adult cyclic female rat.

scholarly journals Biokimia Darah Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Betina Ovariektomi setelah Perlakuan Ekstrak Daun Kaliandra Merah (Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Iriani Setyawati ◽  
Ngurah Intan Wiratmini ◽  
Ni Putu Ayu Dewi Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Red calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn.) leaf have the potential as phytoestrogens. In this study, adult female ovariectomized rats (as a model of menopause women) were given calliandra leaf extract containing estrogenic flavonoids. This study was an experimental design with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Forty-five ovariectomized female rats were divided into five groups i.e. untreated control (K), and the treatment group given 80% of C. calothyrsus ethanolic leaves extract doses 25 mg/ kg bw (P1), 50 mg/ kg bw (P2), 75 mg/ kg bw (P3) and 100 mg/ kg bw (P4). The test suspension was given once a day at 24-hour intervals by gavage as much as 0.5 ml/rat/day for two months. At the end of the treatments, blood was collected for blood biochemical tests including hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, blood glucose and proteins levels. The results showed that C. calothyrsus leaf extract did not negatively affect the health status of the animals through blood biochemical parameters, i.e. hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, and glucose and protein levels of ovariectomized female rats.

Biosynthetic growth hormone changes the collagen and elastin contents and biomechanical properties of the rat aorta

1991 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Brüel ◽  
Hans Oxlund
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I

Abstract The biomechanical and biochemical properties of aortas from female rats treated with biosynthetic human GH (b-hGH) for 80 days were investigated. b-hGH was administered at a dose of 5 mg·kg−1·d−1. Treatment with b-hGH increased the body weight by 75% and the diameter of the aorta by 14% compared with the control group. The concentration of collagen and the relative amount of collagen type I were increased, and the concentration of elastin was decreased. Aortas from the b-hGH-treated group showed increased extensibility in the regions corresponding to physiological load values (i.e. 100-200 mmHg), and increased stiffness in regions with higher load values. The increased extensibility at low load values corresponds well with the loss of elastin, and the increased stiffness at higher load values with the increase of collagen and relative increase of collagen type I. These alterations induced by the growth hormone treatment might influence the elasticity and recoiling properties of the aorta.

scholarly journals Acute Antiapoptotic Effects of Hydrocortisone in the Hippocampus of Neonatal Rats

2013 ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. MENSHANOV ◽  
A. V. BANNOVA ◽  
V. V. BULYGINA ◽  
N. N. DYGALO
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Apoptotic Protein ◽  
Proapoptotic Protein ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Developing Rat

Natural glucocorticoid hydrocortisone was suggested as a potent substitution for dexamethasone in the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hydrocortisone is able to affect the expression of apoptotic genes and the intensity of naturally occurring cell death in the developing rat hippocampus. Hormone treatment decreased procaspase-3 and active caspase-3 levels as well as DNA fragmentation intensity in the hippocampal formation of one-week-old rats in 6 h after injection. These changes were accompanied by an upregulation of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-XL, while expression of proapoptotic protein Bax remained unchanged. The action of hydrocortisone was glucocorticoid receptor-independent, as the selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist dexamethasone did not affect either apoptotic protein levels or DNA fragmentation intensity in the hippocampal region. The data are the first evidences for in vivo antiapoptotic effects of hydrocortisone in the developing hippocampus.

scholarly journals Estrogenic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Papaya Peels (Carica Papaya L.) on Uterine Weight and Mammae Gland Proliferation on Ovariectomy Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhania Novitasari ◽  
Devyanto Hadi Triutomo ◽  
Fitriana Hayyu Arifah ◽  
Anselma Ivanawati ◽  
Zahrotul Ulum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Uterine Weight ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Female Reproductive Health ◽  
Agnor Staining

Papaya bark is one of Indonesia's natural wealth that contains flavonoid compounds such as myricetin and kaempferol that included in the phytoestrogen compounds. The aim of this study is to examine the estrogenic effects of ethanolic extract of papaya peels (EEPP), on the development of mammae gland and the increasing of uterine weight. The in vivo test was performed with ovariectomy in Sprague Dawley female rats that caused the rats to be in an estrogen deficiency state. After 30 days of treatment, animals are sacrificed to take the uterus and mammae glands. Measurement of uterine weight and mammae gland are observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining method to know the lobulus development and AgNOR staining to determine the proliferation level of mammae gland epithelial cells. The test results showed that EEPP concentration of 500 and 1000 mg/kgBW were able to increase uterine weight and proliferation of mammae gland. From the results of this study, papaya bark has the potential to be one of the phytoestrogens compound to maintain female reproductive health and woman beauty.Keyword: ethanolic extract of papaya peels (EEPP), phytoestrogen, ovariectomized rats, uterine weight, mammae proliferation

scholarly journals Fluoxetine Mimics the Anorectic Action of Estrogen and Its Regulation of Circadian Feeding in Ovariectomized Female Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Nishimura ◽  
Kaori Mabuchi ◽  
Natsumi Omura ◽  
Ayako Igarashi ◽  
Megumi Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Light Phase ◽  
Serotonergic Neurons ◽  
Fos Expression

Our previous study demonstrated that chronic estrogen replacement in ovariectomized rats reduces food intake and augments c-Fos expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), specifically during the light phase. Here, we hypothesized that serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS), which have anorectic action and play a role in regulating circadian rhythm, mediate the light phase-specific anorectic action of estrogen, and that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) mimic the hypophagic action of estrogen. Female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and treated with estradiol (E2) or cholesterol by subcutaneously implanting a silicon capsule containing E2 or cholesterol. Then, half of the cholesterol-treated rats were injected with the SSRI fluoxetine (5 mg/kg) (FLX group), while the remaining rats in the cholesterol-treated group (CON group) and all those in the E2 group were injected with saline subcutaneously twice daily at the onsets of the light and dark phases. Both E2 and FLX reduced food intake during the light phase but not the dark phase, and reduced body weight gain. In addition, both E2 and FLX augmented the c-Fos expression in the SCN, specifically during the light phase. These data indicate that FLX exerts estrogen-like antiobesity and hypophagic actions by modifying circadian feeding patterns, and suggest that estrogen regulates circadian feeding rhythm via serotonergic neurons in the CNS.

scholarly journals Effects of Camellia Sinensis Extract on Repeated Restraint Stress-Induced Ovariectomized Female Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Minsook Ye ◽  
Daehyuk Jang ◽  
Jin Su Kim ◽  
Kyungsoo Kim ◽  
Insop Shim
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Repeated Restraint Stress ◽  
Menopausal Depression

The mortality of individuals suffering from depression has been increasing, noticeably of postmenopausal women; consequently, their care and treatment are significant to retain a high quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Camellia sinensis (CS) on repeated stress-induced changes of the depression related function on the tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) in ovariectomized female rats. After behavioral test, we evaluated the changes in the neurotransmitter by measuring the level of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NaC) and the serum levels of estrogen and oxytocin. We used 18F-2-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) to examine the effects of CS on glucose metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Female rats were randomly segregated into three groups. Nor group was considered as nonoperated and nonstressed group, while the control was the ovariectomized and stressed group (OVX+ST), and CS was the ovariectomized, stressed and CS treated group. The rats were exposed to immobilization stress (IMO) for 14 d (2 h/d), and CS (300 mg/kg, i.p.) was treated 30 min before IMO stress. Significant reduction of immobility in the TST and FST was indicated in rats treatment with CS compared to the control group (OVX+ST). The levels of estrogen in the serum of the Nor and CS groups were significantly elevated compared to the OVX+ST group. Also, CS activated brain glucose metabolism in the cortex. The present findings suggested that CS had antidepressant effectiveness in a menopausal depression animal model. These findings suggest evidence that CS plays a crucial role in stressful situation, providing that CS might be a dependable antidepressant medicine to treat menopausal depression.

ALTERATIONS INDUCED BY CLOMIPHENE IN THE CONCENTRATIONS OF OESTROGEN RECEPTORS IN THE UTERUS, PITUITARY GLAND AND HYPOTHALAMUS OF FEMALE RATS

1980 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Y. ADASHI ◽  
A. J. W. HSUEH ◽  
S. S. C. YEN
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Oestrogen Receptors ◽  
Prolonged Retention

Alterations in the concentrations of oestrogen receptors in the uterus, pituitary gland and hypothalamus during the 2 weeks following a single administration of clomiphene citrate (Clomid) to immature, bilaterally ovariectomized rats were investigated. Examination of the uterine wet weight at 1, 7 and 14 days following a single injection of Clomid (100 μg, 250 μg or 10 mg) indicated significant time- and dose-related increments from a control value of 45 ± 2 (s.e.m.) mg to a maximum of 123 ± 3 mg (250 μg dose at 14 days). In contrast, a single injection of oestradiol led to a transient increase in the uterine weight on day 1 to 94 ± 6 mg, but was without effect by days 7 and 14. Analysis of the uterine DNA content 7 and 14 days after treatment with Clomid revealed significant increments from control values of 390 ± 10 μg to a high level of 558 ± 8 μg (10 mg dose at 7 days). There was a transient retention of nuclear oestrogen receptors and rapid replenishment of cytoplasmic oestrogen receptors in less than 24 h in the uteri of animals treated with oestradiol (25 μg), but determinations of receptor content in Clomid-treated animals revealed prolonged retention of nuclear receptors and delayed replenishment of cytoplasmic receptors. The duration and extent of retention of nuclear receptors and depletion of cytoplasmic receptors after treatment with Clomid were found to be dose-dependent. Fourteen days after Clomid treatment, levels of oestrogen receptors in nuclei from the uterus were still raised in all treatment groups, whereas replenishment of cytoplasmic receptors was complete in animals treated with the lower doses (100 and 250 μg) of Clomid. A single injection of Clomid (250 μg) induced similar prolonged retention of nuclear receptors and delayed depletion of cytoplasmic receptors in pituitary tissue. In contrast, changes in the content of oestrogen receptors in the hypothalamus following Clomid treatment were minimal. The limited effect of Clomid on hypothalamic tissue may mean that the pituitary gland is a more important target for this compound than is the hypothalamus. The findings have confirmed earlier reports on the long-term uterotrophic effect of Clomid and have suggested that under these long-term, in-vivo conditions, Clomid acts in the uterus and pituitary gland as a long-acting oestrogen characterized by prolonged retention of oestrogen receptors in the nucleus and delayed, but otherwise effective, replenishment of the oestrogen receptors in the cytoplasm.

Transgenerational effect of a single neonatal benzpyrene treatment (imprinting) on the sexual behavior of adult female rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 553-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Csaba ◽  
Cs Karabélyos
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Effect ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Transgenerational Effect ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Moderate Reduction ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Group A

Male and female rats were neonatally treated with a single dose of benzpyrene. The adult animals were mated inter se, forming control-control, benzpyrene (female)-control, benzpyrene (male)-control, and benzpyrene-benzpyrene treated couples. In the F 1 and F2 generations (without any further treatment) the females's sexual behavior was tested to Meyerson index and lordosis quotient after ovariectomy and hormone treatment, using experienced males. In the F1 generation both indices were significantly reduced in the maternally treated, paternally untreated groups, however this reduction was not present in the group where the treatment was maternal and paternal alike. In the F2 generation, beside the more expressed reduction in the grandmaternally treated group, a moderate reduction in the sexual activity of progenies having treated grandfather or two treated grandparents were observed. The experiment call attention to the transgenerational sexual behavioral effect of a dangerous environment pollutant, benzpyrene.

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