scholarly journals Food Safety Challenges towards Safe, Healthy, and Nutritious Street Foods in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Khairuzzaman ◽  
Fatema Moni Chowdhury ◽  
Sharmin Zaman ◽  
Arafat Al Mamun ◽  
Md. Latiful Bari
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Safety Behavior ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The street foods play an important socioeconomic role in meeting food and nutritional requirements of city consumers at affordable prices to the lower and middle income people. The number of food poisoning notifications rose steadily worldwide since the inception ofE. coliO157:H7 outbreak in the 1980s to date. This may be partly attributed to improved surveillance, increased global trade and travel, changes in modern food production, the impact of modern lifestyles, changes in food consumption, and the emergence of new pathogens. Consumer’s knowledge and attitude may influence food safety behavior and practice. For the sake of public health, it is important to understand the epidemiology of foodborne illnesses that help in prevention and control efforts, appropriately allocating resources to control foodborne illness, monitoring and evaluation of food safety measures, development of new food safety standards, and assessment of the cost-effectiveness of interventions. This review paper described the sociodemographic characteristics, common hazards, and occupational hazards of street food vendors, microbial risk associated with street food, food safety interventions and control measures, regulatory aspects and legal requirements, financial constraints, and attitudes.

scholarly journals Tourism Impacts, Tourism-Phobia and Gentrification in Historic Centers: The Cases of Málaga (Spain) and Gdansk (Poland)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Fernando Almeida-García ◽  
Rafael Cortés-Macías ◽  
Krzysztof Parzych
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Tourism Impacts ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Tourist Accommodation ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Urban Characteristics

This study analyzes the role of residents in urban tourist destinations affected by the increase in tourist flows, which have generated various problems such as tourism, gentrification and the emergence of tourism as a threat to residents. The role of residents in tourist destinations has not been analyzed regularly during the development process of destinations. We study two cases of historic centers in European cities, with the aim of comparing tourism problems, which are common to most European urban destinations. This study was conducted by administering surveys amongst residents of these historic centers (378 in Málaga, Spain, and 380 in Gdansk, Poland). These cities show a similar demographic size and urban characteristics. This is the first comparative research on tourism-phobia and gentrification in destinations, a field of analysis that is still not studied much. We develop specific scales to measure gentrification and tourism-phobia; moreover, we study the impact of some tourist problems that affect residents (noise, dirt, occupation of public spaces, etc.), and we show the spatial distribution of tourism-phobia. The same analysis instruments are used for both cities. The results of this study show that the tourism-phobia situation is different in the analyzed destinations. It is more intense in the case of Málaga than in Gdansk. The two historic centers are especially affected by the processes of increased tourist flows and the growth of new forms of tourist accommodation. The research results show that the residents’ annoyance caused by tourism gentrification is more intense than tourism-phobia. Both case studies highlight the residents’ complaints regarding the inadequate management of problems by public stakeholders and control measures.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Pedestrian Flow Patterns in Urban POIs—An Example from Beijing

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Yihang Li ◽  
Liyan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Functional Categories ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic is a major challenge for society as a whole, and analyzing the impact of the spread of the epidemic and government control measures on the travel patterns of urban residents can provide powerful help for city managers to designate top-level epidemic prevention policies and specific epidemic prevention measures. This study investigates whether it is more appropriate to use groups of POIs with similar pedestrian flow patterns as the unit of study rather than functional categories of POIs. In this study, we analyzed the hour-by-hour pedestrian flow data of key locations in Beijing before, during, and after the strict epidemic prevention and control period, and we found that the pedestrian flow patterns differed greatly in different periods by using a composite clustering index; we interpreted the clustering results from two perspectives: groups of pedestrian flow patterns and functional categories. The results show that depending on the specific stage of epidemic prevention and control, the number of unique pedestrian flow patterns decreased from four before the epidemic to two during the strict control stage and then increased to six during the initial resumption of work. The restrictions on movement are correlated with most of the visitations, and the release of restrictions led to an increase in the variety of unique pedestrian flow patterns compared to that in the pre-restriction period, even though the overall number of visitations decreased, indicating that social restrictions led to differences in the flow patterns of POIs and increased social distance.

scholarly journals Collaboration: the key to investigations of emerging and re-emerging diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Hatch ◽  
Imam Z. Imam
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Outbreak Investigations ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Countries need teams of well trained epidemiologists with extensive field experience to work with clinicians and laboratory scientists to conduct prompt and effective outbreak investigations of epidemics. To identify these outbreaks of possible emerging or re-emerging problems, existing surveillance must be strengthened and the quality of data validated routinely. In addition, ministry of health officials and international agencies need an open, collaborative, scientific work environment. The best environment to design effective interventions and control measures to limit the impact of these newly identified problems on the public’s health is one of cooperation and collaboration

scholarly journals Aflatoxins: A Brief Review of their Chemical Properties, Toxicological Effects and Control Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Eloiza Sarmento Amoras ◽  
Anderson Luiz Pena Costa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Vegetable Foods ◽  
And Control

Aflatoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by the fungi of the genus Aspergillus. These substances cause food poisoning with clinical manifestations that vary according to the time of exposure and concentration of the dose ingested, representing a serious public health problem for compromising the food security, also causing considerable economic losses both in the production of stocked vegetable foods, as well as in the livestock contaminated with these substances through the feed. Therefore, this literature review aims to introduce some aspects related to the contamination of food by the fungi of the genus Aspergillus, the chemical and toxicological properties of the aflatoxins, as well as the strategies of control to avoid them in food.

scholarly journals Food Safety Management in Ukraine in the Context of the International Standard ISO 22000:2005

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 187-190
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
Haccp System ◽  
Food Safety Standards

The article examines the features of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system as a factor in food safety. The principles of HACCP, formulated in the ISO 22000: 2005 standard, in the Alimentations Commission Codex are compared, as well as in accordance with the Ukrainian regulatory document "Requirements for the development of food safety standards", approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on October 1, 2012 No. 590. The comparison is carried out in order to establish the compliance of the Ukrainian HACCP system with the international rules, in particular the ISO 22000: 2005 standard. Shown, that the principles of the Ukrainian HACCP system generally comply with international standards, in particular ISO 22000: 2005. This means that the legislation of Ukraine guarantees that, in compliance with it, food products originating from Ukraine comply with international requirements for the control of its manufacture. The guarantee of this is the system of control measures that are provided for by the laws of Ukraine regarding compliance with the requirements of the HACCP system.

scholarly journals Impact of the Inflow Population From Outbreak Areas on the COVID-19 Epidemic in Yunnan Province and the Recommended Control Measures: A Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Sun ◽  
Guozhong He ◽  
Ninghao Huang ◽  
Hongyu Chen ◽  
Shuwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Proper Management ◽  
Outbreak Areas ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background: COVID-19 developed into a global pandemic in 2020 and poses challenges regarding the prevention and control capabilities of countries. A large number of inbound travelers from other regions could lead to a renewed outbreak of COVID-19 in the local regions. Globally, as a result of the imbalance in the control of the epidemic, all countries are facing the risk of a renewed COVID-19 outbreak brought about by travelers from epidemic areas. Therefore, studies on a proper management of the inbound travelers are urgent.Methods: We collected a total of 4,733,414 inbound travelers and 174 COVID-19 diagnosed patients in Yunnan province from 21 January 2020 to 20 February 2020. Data on place of origin, travel history, age, and gender, as well as whether they had suspected clinical manifestations for inbound travelers in Yunnan were collected. The impact of inbound travelers on the local epidemic was analyzed with a collinear statistical analysis and the effect of the control measures on the epidemic was evaluated with a sophisticated modeling approach.Results: Of the 174 COVID-19 patients, 60.9% were not from Yunnan, and 76.4% had a history of travel in Hubei. The amount of new daily cases in Yunnan was significant correlated with the number of inbound travelers from Hubei and suspected cases among them. Using Susceptible–Exposed–Infectious–Recovered (SEIR) model analysis, we found that the prevention and control measures dropped the local R0 down to 1.07 in Yunnan province.Conclusions: Our preliminary analysis showed that the proper management of inbound travelers from outbreak areas has a significantly positive effect on the prevention and control of the virus. In the process of resettlement, some effective measures taken by Yunnan province may provide an important reference for preventing the renewed COVID-19 outbreak in other regions.

scholarly journals Economics of Cogongrass Control in Slash Pine Forests

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (s1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaki R.R. Alavalapati ◽  
Shibu Jose ◽  
George A. Stainback ◽  
Jagannadha R. Matta ◽  
Douglas R. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Dynamic Optimization Model ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica), an invasive weed, is a threat to slash pine forests. Using a dynamic optimization model, we estimated the impact of cogongrass on the profitability of slash pine forestry under four scenarios: no threat of cogongrass infestation; infestation is uncertain, and no control measures are taken; infestation is uncertain, but control measures are undertaken by one landowner but not the neighbors; and infestation is uncertain, and control measures are undertaken by everyone. Results indicate that annual net returns per acre under each scenario, respectively, are $25.30, $16.97, $13.89, and $17.38. Results suggest fostering a cooperative behavior among landowners is desirable.

An Analysis about Wind Farm Construction Based on the Perspective of the Development of Ecological Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 619-621
Author(s):  
Zi Wei Bai
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Advantages of wind power are self-evident, but the impact of wind power project on the local ecological environment and natural landscape is also increasingly subject to public attention. It mainly reflects in the visual pollution of the wind turbine (or natural landscape problems), noise, bird safety and electromagnetic interference. The paper analyzed the impact of wind farms on the environment, and recommended appropriate preventions and control measures to reduce it to an acceptable level.

The Effectiveness of the Attention Training Technique in Reducing Intrusive Thoughts in Schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 466-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Noëlle Levaux ◽  
Frank Larøi ◽  
Isabelle Offerlin-Meyer ◽  
Jean-Marie Danion ◽  
Martial Van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Intrusive Thoughts ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Attention Training ◽  
Attention Switching ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Training Technique ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the attention training technique (ATT) on the frequency of intrusive thoughts experienced by a person with schizophrenia in her daily life. The attentional procedure was designed to attenuate self-focused attention and to reinforce attentional control and consisted of auditory external exercises. Homework practice was included to promote transfer to everyday life. The efficacy and specificity of the ATT were assessed with cognitive, functional, and control measures. The impact of ATT on symptomatology, work functioning, and self-esteem was also measured. Postrehabilitation results showed that, after nine training sessions, there was a reduction in intrusive thoughts for the cognitive and ecological outcome measures. Selective attention, attention switching, and resistance to distractive interference specifically improved. The person reported a reduction in intrusive thoughts in her daily life. In addition, positive symptoms decreased. Finally, a 6-month follow-up assessment revealed the maintenance of most of the beneficial effects in daily life.

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