scholarly journals The Effect of Simple Melodic Lines on Aesthetic Experience: Brain Response to Structural Manipulations

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Ferri ◽  
Cristina Meini ◽  
Giorgio Guiot ◽  
Daniela Tagliafico ◽  
Gabriella Gilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Superior Temporal Sulcus ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Musical Knowledge ◽  
Meaning Attribution ◽  
Judgment Data

This fMRI study investigates the effect of melody on aesthetic experience in listeners naïve to formal musical knowledge. Using simple melodic lines, whose syntactic structure was manipulated, we created systematic acoustic dissonance. Two stimulus categories were created: canonical (syntactically “correct,” in the Western culture) and modified (made of an altered version of the canonical melodies). The stimuli were presented under two tasks: listening and aesthetic judgment. Data were analyzed as a function of stimulus structure (canonical and modified) and stimulus aesthetics, as appraised by each participant during scanning. The critical contrast modified versus canonical stimuli produced enhanced activation of deep temporal regions, including the parahippocampus, suggesting that melody manipulation induced feelings of unpleasantness in the listeners. This was supported by our behavioral data indicating decreased aesthetic preference for the modified melodies. Medial temporal activation could also have been evoked by stimulus structural novelty determining increased memory load for the modified stimuli. The analysis of melodies judged as beautiful revealed that aesthetic judgment of simple melodies relied on a fine-structural analysis of the stimuli subserved by a left frontal activation and, possibly, on meaning attribution at the charge of right superior temporal sulcus for increasingly pleasurable stimuli.

scholarly journals The Effect of Memory Load on Maintenance in Face and Spatial Working Memory: An Event-Related fMRI Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-386
Author(s):  
김정희 ◽  
강형근 ◽  
ParkTaejin ◽  
정광우 ◽  
이무석
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Fmri Study

Hearing the Contradictions: Aesthetic Experience, Music and Digitization

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-302
Author(s):  
Nancy Weiss Hanrahan
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Thick Description ◽  
Cultural Form ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
Primary Object ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Environments ◽  
The Aesthetic

If, as Susan Buck-Morss (2003) suggests, aesthetic experience is an occasion for “making critical judgments about not only cultural forms but social forms of our being-in-the-world,” or if it is linked, in David Hesmondhalgh’s (2013) account, to the possibilities of collective flourishing, potential changes in the nature of that experience merit critical attention. This article reflects on the ways in which these social or ethical dimensions of the aesthetic experience of music are affected by digitization. It moves from a discussion of aesthetic experience as a form of encounter that refers to a common world, to consideration of recent work in music sociology that engages themes that emerge from that discussion: aesthetic judgment, and the question of difference and commonality. With illustrations from focus group interviews, I suggest that the quantization associated with digital environments is altering the cultural form of aesthetic judgment, just as personalization is changing the meaning of “difference” in this context. The essay is intended as a disclosive critique that takes as its primary object not the world observable through thick description or hermeneutic interpretation of actual cultural practice, but a world evoked through critical reflection on its actual and potential constellations of meaning.

scholarly journals C-19 An fMRI Study of Age-Associated Changes in Basic Visual Discrimination

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1048
Author(s):  
T Seider ◽  
E Porges ◽  
A Woods ◽  
R Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Match To Sample ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Perceptual Skill ◽  
Cluster Level

Abstract Objective The study was conducted to determine age-associated changes in functional brain response, measured with fMRI, during visual discrimination with regard to three elementary components of visual perception: shape, location, and velocity. A secondary aim was to validate the method used to isolate the hypothesized brain regions associated with these perceptual functions. Method Items from the Visual Assessment Battery (VAB), a simultaneous match-to-sample task, assessed visual discrimination in 40 healthy adults during fMRI. Participants were aged 51-91 and recruited from a larger community sample for a study on normal aging. The tasks were designed to isolate neural recruitment during discrimination of either location, shape, or velocity by using tasks that were identical aside from the perceptual skill required to complete them. Results The Location task uniquely activated the dorsal visual processing stream, the Shape task the ventral stream, and the Velocity task V5/MT. Greater age was associated with greater neural recruitment, particularly in frontal areas (uncorrected voxel-level p < .001, family-wise error cluster-level p□.05). Conclusions Results validated the specialization of brain regions for spatial, perceptual, and movement discriminations and the use of the VAB to assess functioning localized to these regions. Anterior neural recruitment during visual discrimination increases with age.

Performance Dissociation during Verbal and Spatial Working Memory Tasks

2007 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie J. Nagel ◽  
Arthur Ohannessian ◽  
Kevin Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Task Design ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Working Memory Load

Past research has inconsistently distinguished the neural substrates of various types of working memory. Task design and individual performance differences are known to alter patterns of brain response during working-memory tasks. These task and individual differences may have produced discrepancies in imaging findings. This study of 50 healthy adults ( Mage = 19.6 yr., SD = .8) examined performance during various parametric manipulations of a verbal and spatial n-back working-memory task. Performance systematically dissociated on the basis of working-memory load, working memory type, and stimulus difficulty, with participants having greater accuracy but slower response time during conditions requiring verbal versus spatial working memory. These findings hold implications for cognitive and neuroimaging studies of verbal and spatial working memory and highlight the importance of considering both task design and individual behavior.

scholarly journals Modulation of brain response to emotional conflict as a function of current mood in bipolar disorder: Preliminary findings from a follow-up state-based fMRI study

2014 ◽  
Vol 223 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwladys Rey ◽  
Martin Desseilles ◽  
Sophie Favre ◽  
Alexandre Dayer ◽  
Camille Piguet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Emotional Conflict ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Current Mood

scholarly journals Assessing Cue-Induced Brain Response as a Function of Abstinence Duration in Heroin-Dependent Individuals: An Event-Related fMRI Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. e62911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Yarong Wang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Jia Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Response ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Working Memory Load-Dependent Brain Response Predicts Behavioral Training Gains in Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1224-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Heinzel ◽  
R. C. Lorenz ◽  
W.-R. Brockhaus ◽  
T. Wustenberg ◽  
N. Kathmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Behavioral Training ◽  
Working Memory Load

scholarly journals Developmental differences in the brain response to unhealthy food cues: an fMRI study of children and adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1515-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floor van Meer ◽  
Laura N van der Laan ◽  
Lisette Charbonnier ◽  
Max A Viergever ◽  
Roger AH Adan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Retrieval and Unification of Syntactic Structure in Sentence Comprehension: an fMRI Study Using Word-Category Ambiguity

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1493-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tineke M. Snijders ◽  
Theo Vosse ◽  
Gerard Kempen ◽  
Jos J.A. Van Berkum ◽  
Karl Magnus Petersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Word Category ◽  
Fmri Study
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