scholarly journals Stability Analysis of an Improved HBV Model with CTL Immune Response

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mostafa Khabouze ◽  
Khalid Hattaf ◽  
Noura Yousfi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Lyapunov Method ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Direct Lyapunov Method ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hbv Model ◽  
Ctl Immune Response ◽  
Disease Free

To better understand the dynamics of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, we introduce an improved HBV model with standard incidence function, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) immune response, and take into account the effect of the export of precursor CTL cells from the thymus and the role of cytolytic and noncytolytic mechanisms. The local stability of the disease-free equilibrium and the chronic infection equilibrium is obtained via characteristic equations. Furthermore, the global stability of both equilibria is established by using two techniques, the direct Lyapunov method for the disease-free equilibrium and the geometrical approach for the chronic infection equilibrium.

scholarly journals Dynamics of an HBV infection model with cell-to-cell transmission and CTL immune response

2019 ◽  
Vol Volume 30 - 2019 - MADEV... ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajar Besbassi ◽  
Zineb Elrhoubari ◽  
Khalid Hattaf ◽  
Yousfi Noura
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Direct Lyapunov Method ◽  
Cell Infection ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Cell Transmission ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Disease Free

International audience In this work, we propose a mathematical model to describe the dynamics of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by taking into account the cure of infected cells, the export of precursor cytotoxic T lympho-cytes (CTL) cells from the thymus and both modes of transmission that are the virus-to-cell infection and the cell-to-cell transmission. The local stability of the disease-free equilibrium and the chronic infection equilibrium is obtained via characteristic equations. Furthermore, the global stability of both equilibria is established by using two techniques, the direct Lyapunov method for the disease-free equilibrium and the geometrical approach for the chronic infection equilibrium. Dans ce travail, nous proposons un modèle mathématique pour décrire la dynamique du virus d'hépatite B (HBV) en prenant en compte le taux de guérison de cellules infectées, l'exportation de précurseur cytotoxic des lymphocytes T (CTL) des cellules du thymus et les deux modes de transmission qui sont l'infection virus-à-cellule et la transmission cellule-à-cellule.La stabilité locale de l'équilibre libre et l'équilibre d'infection chronique est obtenue via des équations caractéristiques. En outre, la stabilité globale des deux équilibres est établie en utilisant deux techniques, la méthode directe de Lyapunov pour l'équilibre libre et l'approche géométrique pour l'équilibre d'infection chronique.

scholarly journals Genetic Susceptibility to Chagas Disease: An Overview about the Infection and about the Association between Disease and the Immune Response Genes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Maria Ayo ◽  
Márcia Machado de Oliveira Dalalio ◽  
Jeane Eliete Laguila Visentainer ◽  
Pâmela Guimarães Reis ◽  
Emília Ângela Sippert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Host Genetic Factors

Chagas disease, which is caused by the flagellate parasiteTrypanosoma cruzi, affects 8–10 million people in Latin America. The disease is endemic and is characterised by acute and chronic phases that develop in the indeterminate, cardiac, and/or gastrointestinal forms. The immune response during humanT. cruziinfection is not completely understood, despite its role in driving the development of distinct clinical manifestations of chronic infection. Polymorphisms in genes involved in the innate and specific immune response are being widely studied in order to clarify their possible role in the occurrence or severity of disease. Here we review the role of classic and nonclassic MHC,KIR, and cytokine host genetic factors on the infection byT. cruziand the clinical course of Chagas disease.

scholarly journals IFI16 induces inflammation in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Glomerulonephritis by Regulating the Caspase-1 /IL-1ß pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Xiuhua Zhao ◽  
Shuangshuang Xie ◽  
Cheng Li ◽  
Yue Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
293T Cell ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Aims & backgroundIFI16 plays an important role in innate immunity against invasive microbial infection by sensing double-stranded DNA viruses due to caspase-1-dependent inflammasome activation and subsequent maturation and secretion of IL-1β. However, the role of IFI16 in regulating the immune response to viruses in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Glomerulonephritis(HBV-GN), especially in sensing the hepatitis B virus (HBV), has not been determined. In this study,, we investigated the inflammatory role of IFI16 in HBV-GN.MethodsA total of 75 kidney tissues including 50 HBV-GN and 25 chronic glomerulonephritis (CCN) were collected to determine expression of IFI16, Caspase-1, and IL-1𝛽 by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and then the correlation between them was analyzed. In vitro, the overexpression or knockdown of IFI16 in regulating the immune response to HBV infection in the human glomerular mesangial (HGM) cell line and HEK-293T cell line. Quantitative Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to determine the expression of IFI16, Caspase-1 and IL-1β. The role effect of IFI16 in vivo was further investigated.ResultsIFI16 expression in HBV-GN biopsies (80.0%) was significantly higher than in CGN (24.0%) and was positively correlated with caspase-1 and IL-1𝛽 expression in HBV-GN. In vitro, over expression of IFI16 increased caspase-1 and IL-1𝛽 expression in HBV-infected HGM and HEK-293T cell lines, whereas knockdown of IFI16 mRNA by siRNA resulted in downregulation of the caspase-1 and IL-1𝛽 expression in both cell lines.ConclusionsThe elevation of IFI16 during HBV infection or replication may contribute to renal damage due to inflammation, thus providing a putative therapeutic target and a new avenue for studying the pathogenesis of HBV-GN.

scholarly journals The analysis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission using an epidemic model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Tahir Khan ◽  
Rahman Ullah ◽  
Gul Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
Model Formulation ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Disease Propagation ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Endemic State

In this article, we propose an epidemic problem of hepatitis B with vaccination. So to do this, first we presents the model formulation and prove that the solutions are bounded and positive. We obtain the disease free equilibrium and calculate the basic reproduction number (R0). The reproductive number will be used to find the endemic state of the model. We discuss the qualitative analysis of the proposed problem and show that whenever, R0 < 1 then the disease free equilibrium is stable locally and globally. Moreover, whenever, R0 > 1, then the endemic state is asymptotically stable. We derive sufficient conditions for both the equilibria and its stabilities. Further more numerical simulation are carried out to illustrate the feasibility of the obtained results and verified that with actual data, we are in the position to put down the hepatitis B infection form the community. We also highlight the role of epidemic parameters in the disease propagation. Our numerical works verified the analytical results. Finally some important conclusion are given at the end of the article.

Optimal control of the mathematical viral dynamic model of different hepatitis B infected individuals with numerical simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (26) ◽  
pp. 1950310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Khan ◽  
Aly R. Seadawy ◽  
Gul Zaman ◽  
Abdullah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Viral Dynamics ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Disease Free

The viral infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a dangerous problem for health around the globe and counted in the top leading causes of death. To explore the viral dynamics of this infection, an HBV epidemic model has been developed by dividing the infected compartment into three subclasses, acute, chronically infected and carrier individuals with both vertical as well as horizontal transmission. After formulating the model, we prove that the positive solution of the model exists. The next generation matrix approach has been used to investigate the threshold quantity known as basic reproduction number. The global stability conditions at endemic equilibria (EE) and disease-free equilibrium (DFE) are established by using the method of geometrical approach and Castillo-Chavez, respectively. We use the optimization theory and the three time-dependent control variables to establish the control program. By the help of this control policy, we reduce the number of susceptible, acute, chronically hepatitis B infected and carrier persons, while the numbers of recovered and vaccinated populations are maximized. Finally, numerical results will be found out for the support and feasibility of the analytical results.

Immune response in HIV epidemics for distinct transmission rates and for saturated CTL response

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana R.M. Carvalho ◽  
Carla M.A. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ctl Response ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Disease Free

In this paper, we study the immune response in a fractional order model for HIV dynamics, for distinct disease transmission rates and saturated cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. Our goal is twofold: (i) to analyze the role of the order of the fractional derivative, α, on the efficacy of the immune response, (ii) to examine the immune response for distinct transmission functions, in the presence of saturated CTL response. We compute the reproduction number of the model and state the stability of the disease-free equilibrium. We discuss the results of the model from an epidemiological point of view.

Role of the cell-mediated immune response in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection

1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (S1) ◽  
pp. S15-S15
Author(s):  
C. Ferrari ◽  
A. Penna ◽  
A. Bertoletti ◽  
A. Cavalli ◽  
G. Missale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
B Virus
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